Pigmentation of kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus Bate, by various pigment sources and levels and feeding regimes
1992; Elsevier BV; Volume: 102; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/0044-8486(92)90186-o
ISSN1873-5622
Autores Tópico(s)Physiological and biochemical adaptations
ResumoColor is one of the major factors which determines the price of live kuruma prawns, Penaeus japonicus Bate, in the Japanese market. This study was designed to determine the effects of various pigment sources, and levels and feeding regimes on the pigmentation of kuruma prawns. A 7 × 3 factorial design was used which included seven pigmented diets fed for three time durations with two replications. The seven pigmented diets contained astaxanthin at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/100 g diet, β-carotene at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/100 g diet, and algal (Dunaliella salina) meal at a concentration of 100 mg pigment/100 g diet. Prawns were fed each pigmented diet for 1, 2 or 3 months. During the other months, the prawns were fed a non-pigmented diet. The control group was fed a non-pigmented diet exclusively. Astaxanthin was found to be the most effective pigment. No difference in pigment concentration was found between prawns fed the β-carotene and algal meal. Pigmentation by astaxanthin at 50 mg/ 100 g diet was poorer than at 100 and 200 mg/100 g diet. No significant difference in pigmentation was found among prawns fed the three levels of β-carotene. There was no difference in pigmentation among prawns fed the pigmented diets for the three time periods. The best feeding strategy for pigmentation was to feed the prawns a diet containing astaxanthin at 100 mg/100 g for 1 month before harvest. Prawns fed the astaxanthin diet had a higher rate of survival than those fed the β-carotene or algal meal diets. A positive correlation between survival rates and pigment concentration in prawn tissue indicated that pigment may play a role in improving the survival of prawns.
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