Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Long term anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics and correlate of protection against Omicron BA.1/BA.2 infection

2023; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 14; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41467-023-38744-7

2041-1723

Javier Perez‐Saez, María-Eugenia Zaballa, Julien Lamour, Sabine Yerly, Richard Dubos, Delphine S. Courvoisier, Jennifer Villers, Jean-François Balavoine, Didier Pittet, Omar Kherad, Nicolas Vuilleumier, Laurent Kaiser, Idris Guessous, Silvia Stringhini, Andrew S. Azman, Isabelle Arm‐Vernez, Delphine Bachmann, Antoine Bal, Rémy Barbe, Hélène Baysson, Julie Berthelot, Gaëlle Bryand-Rumley, François Chappuis, Prune Collombet, Sophie Coudurier-Boeuf, Carlos de Mestral, Paola D’Ippolito, Roxane Dumont, Nacira El Merjani, Antoine Flahault, Natalie Francioli, Clément Graindorge, Séverine Harnal, Samia Hurst, Pierre Lescuyer, Arnaud G. L’Huillier, Andrea Loizeau, Elsa Lorthe, Chantal Martinez, Ludovic Metral-Boffod, Mayssam Nehme, Natacha Noël, Francesco Pennacchio, Klara M. Posfay‐Barbe, Géraldine Poulain, Caroline Pugin, Nick Pullen, Viviane Richard, Déborah Rochat, Khadija Samir, Hugo Santa Ramirez, Etienne Satin, Philippe Schaller, Stephanie Schrempft, Claire Semaani, Stéphanie Testini, Déborah Urrutia-Rivas, Charlotte Verolet, Pauline Vetter, Guillemette Violot, Ania Wisniak,

SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

Binding antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 have shown to be correlates of protection against infection with pre-Omicron lineages. This has been challenged by the emergence of immune-evasive variants, notably the Omicron sublineages, in an evolving immune landscape with high levels of cumulative incidence and vaccination coverage. This in turn limits the use of widely available commercial high-throughput methods to quantify binding antibodies as a tool to monitor protection at the population-level. Here we show that anti-Spike RBD antibody levels, as quantified by the immunoassay used in this study, are an indirect correlate of protection against Omicron BA.1/BA.2 for individuals previously infected by SARS-CoV-2. Leveraging repeated serological measurements between April 2020 and December 2021 on 1083 participants of a population-based cohort in Geneva, Switzerland, and using antibody kinetic modeling, we found up to a three-fold reduction in the hazard of having a documented positive SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 wave for anti-S antibody levels above 800 IU/mL (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.22-0.41). However, we did not detect a reduction in hazard among uninfected participants. These results provide reassuring insights into the continued interpretation of SARS-CoV-2 binding antibody measurements as an independent marker of protection at both the individual and population levels.