... ideals Σ *Q\ such that «ξ> P JL ©λ for λεΛ />4=λ and ξ)λ is isometric to a full-matrix algetra : for some set Λ all complex valued functions a (λ, p) (λ, p e A) with Σ \a (λ, i o) λ p constitute a proper H*-algebra, being called a full-matrix algebra, if we put Λ£ (λ, p) = Έι a (λ, T) 6 (T, I??), ...
Tópico(s): Polynomial and algebraic computation
1950 - Tohoku University | Tohoku Mathematical Journal
... x n matrix A , we have det ( A - λ I )= det ( A - λ I )′ = det (- A - λ I ) = (-1) n det ( A + λ I ), whence we see that the non-zero ... even multiplicity, so that the characteristic function ϕ(λ) = det ( A 2 - λI) of A 2 , regarded as a polynomial in λ, is a perfect square if n is even, ... n is odd, then we may write ϕ(λ) =λ{f(λ)} 2 for a suitable polynomial f(λ).
Tópico(s): graph theory and CDMA systems
1952 - Cambridge University Press | The Mathematical Gazette
... n dimensions, symmetric about the origin. Any lattice Λ containing the origin but no other interior point ... determinant Δ( C ) is called critical. Suppose that Λ is any admissible lattice, with determinant d (Λ). We may define A by a fixed set ... n ); and we shall say that a lattice Λ′ lies in a small neighbourhood of Λ if Λ′ can be generated by a set of points ... of the corresponding L i . We shall call Λ extremal if in a sufficiently small neighbourhood of Λ there are no admissible lattices Λ′ with d (Λ′) < d (Λ). Thus all critical ...
Tópico(s): Point processes and geometric inequalities
1953 - Cambridge University Press | Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
... have been photographed in absorption in the region λ 4510- λ 3940 Å in the first order of a ... measured fall into two systems, one lying between λ 4510 and λ 4220 Å and the other between λ 4160 and λ 3940 Å. They can be represented by the following equations: λ 4510 - λ 4220 Å: ν = 22970.0 + 60.60(u') - ... 2) - 92.64(u'') + 0.354(u''2), λ 4160 - λ 3940 Å: ν = 24627.7 + 61.60(u') - ...
Tópico(s): Photonic Crystals and Applications
1948 - IOP Publishing | Proceedings of the Physical Society
... Verhältnisses der Wellenlänge zur Gitterkonstanten von 1/2 < λ/ d < ∞. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Wesselsche Gittertheorie für beliebige Einfallswinkel und beliebige Werte von λ/ d erweitert, die Durchlässigkeit des Gitters und die ... vom Drahtradius vollständig durchlässig, wenn zwischen der Wellenlänge λ, der Gitterkonstanten d und dem Einfallswinkel α 0 die Gleichung λ/ d = 1 ± sin α 0 /μ (μ = 1, 2, 3, …︁) besteht. Für die Werte von λ/ d und α 0 , welche dieser Gleichung genügen, ... gegen 0. Für α 0 → π/2 und λ/ d = 2/μ wird sie (unabhängig vom Drahtradius) ...
Tópico(s): Electromagnetic Scattering and Analysis
1948 - Wiley | Annalen der Physik
... by Mooney (1940), for rubber, W = C 1 ( λ 2 1 + λ 2 2 + λ 2 3 -3) + C 2 ( λ 2 2 λ 2 3 + λ 2 3 λ 2 1 + λ 2 1 λ 2 2 -3), where C 1 and C 2 are physical constants for the material and λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 are the principal ...
Tópico(s): Composite Material Mechanics
1949 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences
... simply written in the form: 2 ∫ 0 ∞ K λ B λT 0 d λ = ∫ 0 ∞ K λ (S λ + E λ + A λ ) d λ, where, for any arbitrary layer, K λ is the absorption, B λT 0 is the ... radiation at temperature T 0 degrees absolute, S λ , E λ , and A λ are respectively the solar, terrestrial, ...
Tópico(s): Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
1930 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character
... fibres of whole carrageenin and its κ- and λ-components. The results establish structural differences between the ... 6 of a sulphated D-galactose residue. In λ-carrageenin the fibre period may represent three disaccharide ... residues or by the presence of side residues. λ-Carrageenin appears to have a monoclinic unit cell ... β = 81°. This cell is traversed by one λ-carrageenin molecule. The unit cells for whole and ... it is traversed by two κ- and two λ-carrageenin molecules which alternate in sheets parallel to ( ...
Tópico(s): Enzyme Production and Characterization
1955 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
... the Monge-Ampere equation '1' r£~s 2 + λ 2 =0; λ = λ (#, y), in the special case when λ = X(x)Y(γ).This equation arises in ... treatment of one-dimensional anisentropic flows [4], where λ is a function determined by the distribution of ... of particular interest to find of what form λ must be in order that (1) should possess ... equation ( 1) is discussed without the restriction that λ is of product form.By means of a ... analysis it isshown that if and only if λ is of one of two general forms does ( ... invariants exist, see [3], is overcome. Conditions on λ.The case λ = 0 is excluded in the ...
Tópico(s): Holomorphic and Operator Theory
1955 - Mathematical Sciences Publishers | Pacific Journal of Mathematics
Let Λ be a ring with unit. If A is a left Λ -module, the dimension of A (notation: 1.dim Λ A ) is defined to be the least integer ... n → … → X 0 → A → 0 where the left Λ -modules X 0 , …, X n are projective. If ... dim A A = ∞. The left global dimension of Λ is 1. gl. dim Λ = sup 1. dim A A where A ranges over all left Λ -modules, The condition 1. dim A A < n ... equivalent with ( A, C ) = 0 for all left Λ -modules C . The condition 1.gl. dim Λ < n is equivalent with = 0. Similar definitions and theorems hold for right Λ -modules.
Tópico(s): Algebraic structures and combinatorial models
1955 - Cambridge University Press | Nagoya Mathematical Journal
... between 1.6 and 4.2° K at λ = 5462.27 Å, for liquid He 4 at ... 12454 ± 0.00021) cm 3 mole −1 at λ = 5462.27 Å, for liquid He 4 at ... and coefficient of expansion.The region near the λ-point is of special interest. The expansion coefficient ... nI = +41.5 + 14.5 log|T−T λ | for T > T λ , from about 0.1° above T λ to within 0.01° of T λ ; and by 10 3 β nII = −1.5 + 14.5 log |T−T λ | for T < T λ , from about 0.1° below T λ to within 0.002° of T λ . This ...
Tópico(s): Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
1958 - NRC Research Press | Canadian Journal of Physics
... Kronecker product of two symmetric group representations. If (λ) = (λ 1 , λ 2 , … , λ i ) is a partition of p , the representation ... n symbols corresponding to the partition ( n — p , λ 1 , … , λ i ) is denoted by [λ] and is said to be of depth p . If [λ] is of depth p and [μ] of depth q , then the terms in the Kronecker product [λ] X [ μ ] of depth p + q are terms ... the terms in the product of S-functions {λ} {μ}).
Tópico(s): graph theory and CDMA systems
1958 - Cambridge University Press | Canadian Journal of Mathematics
... introduced by the author are identical with the λ-definable functions of Church and the general recursive ... developed by Kleene. It is shown that every λ-definable function is computable and that every computable ... general recursive. There is a modified form of λ-definability, known as λ- K -definability, and it turns out to be natural to put the proof that every λ-definable function is computable in the form of a proof that every λ- K -definable function is computable; that every λ-definable function is λ- K -definable is trivial. ...
Tópico(s): Logic, programming, and type systems
1937 - Cambridge University Press | Journal of Symbolic Logic
... r| = ∞, the phase shift has the asymptotic form (λ = l + ½) δ→ lim λ→∞−(2λ12)12V(λ/k)2k2−λ−1 ∫ λ/k+λ−12/k∞V(r)r dr(k2r2/λ2−1)12, Re λ>0,in the λ plane and for all complex k. Consequently, (a) ... for analytic potentials; there are no poles for |λ| → ∞ in the right-half λ plane, (b) stronger limits can be given for ...
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
1963 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Mathematical Physics
... 5(iii) the inequality − 5 2 − 2 p ⩽ λ ⩽ − 1 2 − 2 p should read − 5 2 − 2 p ⩽ λ ⩽ − 1 2 − 2 p . The equation an+1 = ... of Theorem 5(ii) is false for −½⩽λ<, since ln < 0. Indeed, using the binomial theorem ... and in fact the root vector a = k(λ) has precisely this property. The proof by reductio ... l n + 1 + l n ) = − { a 0 / Γ ( λ ) } ∑ n = k ∞ { Γ ( n + 1 + λ ) / Γ ( n + 2 ) + Γ ( n + λ ) / Γ ( n + 1 ) } , and as k→ + ∞ this is asymptotic to − { 2 a 0 / Γ ( λ ) } ∑ n = k ∞ n λ − 1 ∼ − { 2 a 0 / Γ ( λ ) } ∫ k ∞ n λ − 1 d n = 2 a ...
Tópico(s): Mathematics and Applications
1960 - Wiley | Journal of the London Mathematical Society
W. H. Meiklejohn, Radek Škoda,
... is experimentally determined to be proportional to d(Λ − d)(1) and therefore a function only of dΛ, where d is the particle diameter and Λ is the spacing between centers of the particles. Since d/Λ is proportional to ƒ13, where ƒ is the ... temperature T is proportional to d(Tm − T)(Λ − d), where Tm is the melting point of ... été déterminée expérimentalement. Il est proportionnel à: d(Λ − d)(1) et il est uniquement fonction de ... d est le diamètre de la particule et Λ la distance entre centres de particules. Puisque dΛ ...
Tópico(s): Ion-surface interactions and analysis
1960 - University of Toronto Press | Acta Metallurgica
... made of the relative photoelectric quantum efficiency η(λ) of SbCs3 cathodes of photomultipliers with Pyrex and quartz windows, from λ = 200-650 mμ. η(λ) depends on the window transmittance W(λ), the cathode absorbance A(λ, d), the absolute photoelectric quantum efficiency Q0(λ) and the photoelectron escape probability f(λ, d). Comparison with other data has allowed the ... alia the absorption spectrum of SbCs3 down to λ = 220 mμ, and the absolute photoelectric threshold curve Q0(λ) plotted against λ. The optimum thickness for a ...
Tópico(s): Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
1961 - IOP Publishing | British Journal of Applied Physics
... equation may be written in the form f(λ′)=0, where f(λ′) is a continued fraction and λ′ an eigenvalue. Furthermore, if the secular problem is of nth order, then the continued fraction f(λ′) may be developed in n different ways. Since the eigenvalues are roots of a function f(λ), it is convenient to find the eigenvalues by ... procedure. This requires that the derivative of f(λ) with respect to λ(f′(λ)) be determined. An exact expression for f′(λ) is derived and it is shown that f′(λ′) is in fact the norm of the eigenvector ...
Tópico(s): Matrix Theory and Algorithms
1961 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Mathematical Physics
... of summation which include the Riesz method (R, λ, κ) . Lorentz [4, Theorem 10] gives necessary and ... n, v ) to be such that A ⊃ (R, λ, 1)†. He imposes restrictions on the sequence { λ n } , so that A does not include all ... theorem by giving a condition without restriction on λ n , If the matrix A is a series ... any results concerning the general inclusion A ⊃ (R, λ, κ) . However, when A is the Riemann method (ℜ, λ, μ), Russell [7], generalizing earlier results, has given sufficient conditions for (ℜ, λ, μ) ⊃ (R, λ, κ) . Our Theorem 2 gives ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Optimization Algorithms Research
1964 - Cambridge University Press | Proceedings of the Glasgow Mathematical Association
Transducing phage λ dg carrying bacterial gal markers shows the same effects of host-controlled modification as does normal λ. Phage grown on Escherichia coli K12 is restricted ( ... P1) independently of whether the gal markers of λ dg originated from the K12 or B chromosome. ... gal+ transductants, which are mostly heterogenotes. Superinfecting restricted λ phage does not exert helper functions for lysogenization or reproduction of nonrestricted λ dg particles. In cells infected with restricted λ dg and superinfected with nonrestricted λ a greatly ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
1964 - Elsevier BV | Virology
Hideo Yamagishi, Keiko Nakamura, Haruo Ozeki,
Bacteriophage φ80 and λ-φ80 hybrid phage of the type λ(QSR)80, in which the rightmost 10% of the λ genome is replaced by corresponding φ80 material, are ... QSR)80. In addition, a substitution derivative of λ(QSR)80 was isolated which does not exhibit the Rha phenotype. In this phage, λ-80hy95, the right half of the (QSR)80 ... DNA homologous to the 95–100% segment of λ. In mixed infections in the himA42 host at 32°, λ+ does not complement λ(QSR)80 for growth and the burst size of the coinfecting λ+ is reduced in comparison to that in a ...
Tópico(s): RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
1965 - Elsevier BV | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
... to help with the derivation of thermal conductivity, λ, from a knowledge of electrical conductivity, σ. New ... and Palmer [1] are shown to hold, where λ = LT σ + C. With values for the constants ... per cent below the extrapolation of the line λ = 2.32 × 10−8σ T + 0.012, which ... for several molten metals and alloys of lower λ. Cet article a pour but d'aider à obtenir la conductivité thermique, λ, connaissant la conductivité électrique, σ. De nouveaux résultats ... que des équations simples de correlation, du type λ = LT σ + C proposé d'abord par Smith ...
Tópico(s): Thermal properties of materials
1965 - Elsevier BV | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
... of the / 3,4,7 , / 3,4,7 ,λ, and / 3,4,7 ,λ, pro − 1,2 mutants were unstable, changing to ... The results with strains having / 3,4,7 ,λ, pro − 1,2 mutations were compatible with the ... markers was restored, and the resulting / 3,7 ,λ, pro − 1,2 mutation behaved genetically as a deletion. The / 3,7 ,λ, pro − 1,2 and / 3,4,7 ,λ, pro − 1,2 mutations caused positive interference, inhibition ... diploid recombinants. One group of / 3,4,7 ,λ mutations did not occur in the leu to ... of the bacterial genome. Other / 3,4,7 ,λ mutations in F − bacteria prevented the joint inheritance ...
Tópico(s): DNA Repair Mechanisms
1965 - American Society for Microbiology | Journal of Bacteriology
T.R. Gerholm, B.-G Petterssom, Z. Grabowski,
... estimated and experimentally determined values for the parameter λ for all magnetic dipole transitions investigated; λ is defined as the ratio of the penetration ... ray matrix element. The sign reversal leads to λ values entirely different from those earlier obtained. However ... arefor the allowed 400 keV transition in Tl203, λ=+1.3±0.8,for the forbidden 279 keV transition in Tl203, λ=+7.5±1.5,for the allowed 360 keV transition in Tl201, λ=−0.5±2,for the forbidden 330 keV transition in Tl201, λ=+5±4,and for the forbidden 482 keV ...
Tópico(s): X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
1965 - Elsevier BV | Nuclear Physics
... about 40 per cent of 10.7 cm-λ bursts with peak intensities greater than 5×10− ... with the peak intensity of 10.7 cm-λ bursts and attains a value of about 90 ... association, that is, the association of a meter-λ burst with a burst on centimeter waves, is dependent on the spectral type of the meter-λ burst. The association is about 15, 40, 70, ... and ½ minute, respectively, of the associated cm-λ burst maxima. The type II bursts occur after ... 2 to 6 minutes of the associated cm-λ burst maxima. The type IV bursts in the ...
Tópico(s): Earthquake Detection and Analysis
1962 - American Geophysical Union | Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
... 438–445. 1962.—A comparative study of phage λ, and mutants λ tem and λ 11 2 , was made, with particular emphasis on ... elevated temperature (44 C) on phage reproduction. Phage λ tem was selected at 44 C and λ 11 2 was isolated from the late-lysing ... rate of inactivation of free phage by anti-λ antibody and heat. Differences were observed in their ... One-step growth curve studies showed that phages λ and λ tem are similar in the time intracellular phage ... rate parameters were unchanged at 44 C. Both λ and λ tem exhibited a reduced latent period ...
Tópico(s): Protein purification and stability
1962 - American Society for Microbiology | Journal of Bacteriology
Gustaw Kerszman, S. W. Glover, J. Aronovitch,
Summary Escherichia coli strain w adsorbs phage λ very efficiently but the phage does not form plaques on this strain. In a very small fraction (10−4) of the infected cells ... to phage p2. Non-restricting hosts for phage λ became restricting hosts when made lysogenic for wϕ. When 32P-labelled λ adsorbed to restricting wϕ lysogenic hosts, > 20% of ... modification was carried by the small number of λ Phages which escaped this restriction process. It is ... w was demonstrated. Mixed infection experiments with restricted λ and unrestricted λw showed that that restricted phage ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
1967 - Microbiology Society | Journal of General Virology