Clive Michaels, P B, Waldemar Januszczak, John Dugdale, Ronald Swash, Michael Prescott, A R Hart, J K Rowling, Professor Philip Stott, Fiona Macpherson, Mark Stretton, Barbara Hall, Aa Gill, Catherine Hayward, Alec Stewart, Christopher Morgan Religious Affairs Correspondent, Martin Elliott, Robert Locke, Helen Kirwan-Taylor, Ellie Giles, Jon Swain, James Clark, Nicholas Rufford, Alan M Frommer, Rob Hughes, John Peter, Emma Moore, Amanda Ursell, Karen Wheeler, Hamish Stevenson, Jonathan Miller, Lady Victoria Hervey, Bruce Millar, Roger Barlow, Adrian Cotterill, James Wallis, John Jay, Susan d'Arcy, Adam Luck, Max Glaskin, Frank Whitford, Ray Spiller, Ivo Tennant, Peter Andrews, Packer, Kathryn Cooper, Dr Selby Whittingham, David Smith, Melanie Phillips, Nick Pitt, Neil Wormald, Richard Green, Keith Darlington, Andrew Sullivan, Stephen Grey, Mary Wilson, Dr Roger Henderson, Robina Dam, T Hennessey, Tony Allen-Mills, Simon Wilde, Joe Royle, Frank Blin, Anthony Sattin, Cornwall, Robert Winnett, Patrick Moore, Robert Hewison, Peter Hodson, Peter Wilson, Lawrence Dallaglio, David Dougill, Warren Shore, Stuart Jones, John Evans, Philip Kingsley, Bob Taylor, Philip Kerr, Sarah Toyne, Tania Alexander, Jonathon Carr-Brown, Margarette Driscoll, Hugh Canning, Jeremy Clarkson, Graham Duffill, Edward Porter, Stewart Lee, David Cairns, Louise Taylor, John Waples Deputy City Editor, M P, Jane Renton, Cheryl Markosky, Faith Hines, Sue Eynon, Lydia Slater, Paolo Conte, Andrew Cunningham, Christobal Edwards, Nick Gardner, Sir Richard Branson, Ray Wild, Paul Ham, Stuart Wavell, Roger Eglin, Paul Donovan, Alastair Hendy, Paul …, Knife, James Clark Home Affairs Correspondent, Lucinda Kemeny, Jasper Gerard, Paul Bray, Paul Driver, Boris Schapiro, John Humphrys, Nicholas Hellen, Peter Windsor, Lowri Turner, David Hemmings, Ian Hawkey, Shelley Von Strunckel, Nick Barley, William Little, Chris Parcell, Paul Durman, Andrew Rickman, John Walker, Mark Edwards, Kirstie Hamilton, George Clayton, Susan Clark, David Lawrenson, Eben Black Chief Political Correspondent, Askold Krushelnycky, Mike Branford, Marina Thomas, Victoria O'Brien, Lois Rogers, Jennifer Asiama, Raymond Keene, Diana Wright, Richard Ashcroft, Andy Knott, Michael Prescott Political Editor, Stephen Jones, Paul Sullivan, D Poyner, Uzi Mahnaimi, C Harrison, Melanie Philips, Richard Evans, June Field, Tim Moorey, Dominic Rushe, Philip Gretton, Claire Oldfield, David Walsh, Bryan Appleyard, Karen Moores, Dr Julian Lewis Mp, Chris Jones, Stephen Armstrong, Emily Milich, Ron Clarke, Alex Williamson, Danny O'brien, Paul Kavanagh, Mark Prigg, R W Johnson, Paul Mander, Richard Woods, Roland White, Garth Alexander, Alan Lund, Maurice Chittenden, Alex Fortune, Stan Mack, Dj Taylor, Richard Brooks Arts Editor, Dr Mark Griffiths, Richard Rae, Mark Franchetti, Ray Hutton, Martin Ivens, Jon Ungoed-Thomas, Jim Cotton-Betteridge, Jonathan Leake, Jonathan Diggines, John Crossland, Amanda Craig, Christine Webb, John Harlow, Singh Sukhbir, Godfrey Smith, Donald McRae, Michael Austin, Bob Davis, Mike Langston, Dipesh Gadher, John Urbanek, Hilary Lowe, Liz Doyle, John Waples, Barry Collins, A A Gill, David Dennison, David Blaine, Matthew Campbell, Brian Glanville, Rossella Lorenzi, Nick Fielding, Keith Ford, John Boulton, Stephen Pettitt, Claudia Croft, Jonathan Leake Science Editor, Jane Hoare, Anna Harvey, R H, Captain David McMullon, Sally Kinnes, Andrew Lorenz, Sean O'brien, Liam Clarke, David Wickers, Roger Dobson, Tom Rhodes, John Aizlewood, Jeremy Lazell, Mark Hodson, Graham Norwood, David Bellamy, Joe Lovejoy, Rupert Steiner, Hugh Pearman, Kate Constable, Dan Cairns, P J Harvey, Tony Perrottet, David Parsley, Christopher Bray, Chris Brady, David Smith Economics Editor, Christian Dymond, Ian Sutherland, Anthony Howard, Peter Roebuck, Diederik De Vilder, Joanna Simon, India Knight, Steve Grant, Simon Howard, Dan Pearson, Rosie Waterhouse, Denise Lewis, Penelope Lively, Karen Robinson, A J Stafford,
... African game park raises fears of poachers' paradise ATX Pure Expression Caught in a lonely net Vladimir ...
2000 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
Mengxia Qu, Long Yang, Yuqin Wang, Nan Yin, Xiaotian Zhang, Junjie Zhang,
Autotaxin (ATX), the key enzyme that generates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) from lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), is involved in tumorigenesis through the ATX-LPA axis and is regarded as a valuable ... expression profile. Here, we show that hypoxia induces ATX expression in a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 2α- ... to specific hypoxia response elements (HREs) in the ATX promoter. Under hypoxic conditions, knockout or inhibition of ATX suppressed the migration of SW480 cells, which could ... addition of LPA, suggesting that the induction of ATX during hypoxia promotes cancer cell migration through the ...
Tópico(s): Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
2023 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Andrew Robson, Jane Dickson, James Landale, Sally Staples, Raymond Snoddy Media Editor, Stella Shamoon, Richard Whitehead, Helen Studd, Portia Colwell, Robert Cole, Catherine Riley, James Moore, Martin-Jenkins, Philip Barron, Rodney Tye, Jane MacQuitty, Peter Lansley, John Morgan, greg kadel, Salome Munuo, Mark Souster, Emma Haughton, Jonathan Lennie, John Waters, Philip Howard, John Bener, Martin Ross, Matthew Taylor, pauline mcleod, James Bone, Dean Hodgkin, Anne Gatti, Jack Barker, Elizabeth Judge, Sharon Linnard, Anne Robinson, Ben MacIntyre, Damian Whitworth and Ian Brodie, Clare Stewart, Peter Arden, Stewart Tendler and Ian Cobain, Giles Coren, Michael Holden, NS, Pat Gibson, Valerie Elliott Countryside Editor, David McVay, Stephen McClarence, Henry Harris, Steve Keenan, Stewart Tendler Crime Correspondent, Ann Scanlon, Dominic Walsh, Steve Bird, Ruth Gledhill, Alix Ramsay Tennis Correspondent, Jill Dupleix, Charles Taylor, david loftus, A. R. Chance, Peter Hughes, Robin Young, Damian Whitworth and Christopher Walker, Stephen Farrell, Oliver Wright, Andy Stephens, Julian Rollins, Bill Callaghan, Anthony G. Phillips, John Young, Keith Pike, David Hands, Charles Bremner, Philip Webster and Martin Fletcher, Mike Brewer Spread Eagie, Sarah Tucker, fiona hewitt, Greg Hurst, Mark Court, Keith Haskell, Caroline Merrell Banking Correspondent, Colin Greenhalgh, Angela Jameson, Malcolm Smith, Geoff Harwood, I. H. Stout, Russell Kempson, Robert Cole City Correspondent, Mary Gold, Ed Potton, Jeremy Bremridge, Richard Cork, Alan Watson, Frankie Dettori. Weeding Photographer, Stephen Anderton, Sarah Johnson, Jim Waterworth, David Lister, Mark Atherton, Peter Reid, Rick Broadbent, Matt Dickinson Football Correspondent, Mark Henderson Science Correspondent, Ann Treneman, Andy Stephens Football Focus, Nick Potts, John Hopkins Golf Correspondent, Rob Wright, Adam Jones, Helen Vaughan-Jones, David Powell Athletics Correspondent, Raymond Keene, Vaughan Freeman, Steve Howey, Adam Sage, David L. Crosby, Lewis Smith, Clive Mathieson, Melanie Tringham and Mark Atherton, Colonel Margaret Hay's, Warren Bardley, Martin Fletcher and Philip Webster, Min Cooper, Caroline Merrell, Christopher Walker Chief Ireland Correspondent, Oliver Holt, Richard Owen, Helen Nugent, Sandra Parsons, Damian Whitworth, Joseph Palley, Marcel Berlins, Roger Boyes, Oliver August, AH, David Hands Rugby Correspondent, Tom Dart, Glen Owen, Alan Muir Wood, Nick Szczepanik, James Doran, Melissa Kite Political Correspondent, perou, Sally Varlow, Craig Lord, Paul Divine, Paul McCann Media Correspondent, VS, Matthew Parris, PB, Jennai Cox, Helen Truszkowski, Sue Hepworth, Mark Hodkinson, Gavin Hadland, Craig Clarke, Kenneth Gulleford, George Caulkin, Chris McGrath, Russell Jenkins, Caitlin Moran, Philip Webster and Martin Fletcher and Michael Evans Defence Editor, David Harding, Tim Wapshott, Jane Owen, Walter Gammie, Rosemary Cook, Ben MacIntyre, DC, Carl Hiaasen, Ian Brodie, Andrew Stilton, John Goodbody Sports News Correspondent, Tim Harlow, Gabriel Mojay, Philip Webster, Richard Miles, John Naish, Fraser Nelson, Annabelle Thorpe, Tim Jones, Martin Waller, Michael Horsnell, Chris Ayres, Fran Littlewood, James Jackson, Will Price, Nigel Hawkes Health Editor, Stoddart of Swindon, Dr Thomas Stuttaford, Jill Crawshaw, Richard Morrison, David Powell, Sam Kiley, Phil Myers, Tom Chesshyre, Bill Edgar, Valerie Grove, Neil Cooper, Alyson Rudd, Tom Baldwin Deputy Political Editor, SJ, John Phillips, Martin Miller, Susie Steiner, Roland Watson Chief Political Correspondent, max bell and roger sargent, Sally Patten Retail Correspondent, Patience Wheatcroft, Ian Stout, Christopher Irvine, Chloe Bryan-Brown, Susan Emmett,
... the Elephant to pack her trunk One. Tel ATX Pure Expression News 27 The Times Pepperoni pizzas ...
2000 - Gale Group | TDA
Ali Sepehrinezhad, Ali Shahbazi, Mohammad Taghi Joghataei, Fin Stolze Larsen, Sajad Sahab Negah,
... accumulating evidence that the circulatory levels of autotaxin (ATX) and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) are increased in patients ... liver disease. However, the potential role of the ATX-LPA axis in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains unclear. ... study aimed to investigate the role of the ATX-LPA signaling pathway in mice with thioacetamide (TAA) ... acute HE. To show the role of the ATX-LPA axis in the context of HE, we first measured the involvement of ATX-LPA in the pathogenesis of TAA-induced acute HE. Then, we compared the potential effects of ATX inhibitor (HA130) on astrocyte responses at in vitro ...
Tópico(s): Liver Disease and Transplantation
2023 - Springer Nature | Cell Death and Disease
Alexandra Shulman, Daniel Ward, Motor Industry Correspondent, R. Steele, Cliff Feltham, Ivo Tennant, Clifford Webb, Philip Howard, John Bell, City Editor, Jeremy Kingston, Richard Fairman, Harry Eyres, Michael Hornsby Johannesburg, Richard Streeton, Stuart Jones Football Correspondent, Michael McCarthy, Geoffrey Smith, Colin Narbrough, Peter R. Green, Joe Joseph, Brian James, Bryan Stiles, Michael Seley, Christopher Bailey, Phillip Arnott, Clovers, John Rae, Michael Tate, R. J. Bower, Jill Sherman, Social Services Correspondent, Huon Mallalieu, Lawrence Lever, John Woodcock Cricket Correspondent, Peter Waymark, Ray Kennedy, Alan Hamilton, Henry Stanhope, Michael Clark, Thomson Prentice, Science Correspondent, Marcus Williams, Dr Rex Binning, Charles Bremner, Richard Evans, Political Correspondent, John Percival, Richard Thomson, Banking Correspondent, Ann Steele, John Woodcock, Chris Thau, Mitchell Platts Golf Correspondent, Philip Webster, Chief Political Correspondent, Geoffrey Wheeler, Nicolas Soames, William Greaves, David Miller, Chief Sports Correspondent, Dulverton, Robin Oakley, Political Editor, Dennis Shaw, Barbara Amiel, Craig Brown, Alexandra Jackson, Heather Kirby, Robin Day, Robert Matthews, Craig Seton, Stewart Tendler, Crime Reporter, John Clare Education Correspondent, Irving Wardle, Colin Haycraft, Chairman, A. M. Davies, David Sapsted, Richard Bassett, Brian Beel, Edward Townsend Industrial Correspondent, Kenneth Fleet, Christopher Thomas, Pat Butcher, Athletics Correspondent, John England, Christopher Walker, Kenneth A. Smith (Secretary), Srikumar Sen Boxing Correspondent, Graham Searjeant, Financial Editor, Clive White, Paul Newman, Ian Glynn, Christine Webb, Michael Hornsby, David Green, Joan Porteous, Michael Seely, Alan Lee, Tony Dawe, Peta Levi, Sydney Jones, Chairman, Tim Jones, W. H. Saumarez Smith, Stephen Pettitt, Michael Horsnell, Frances Gibb Legal Affairs Correspondent, Derek Harris, Luxembourg, Bailey Morris, Richard Cottrell, Richard Morrison, David Powell, Michael Evans, Pearce Wright, Science Editor, John Hoskyns, David Young Energy Correspondent, David Hands, Rugby Correspondent, Richard Ford, Ray Heath,
... Management Services Leasing/contract Hire CO Ibm Pc Atx 30Mg for Sale New Altos 686/25 Computer ...
1987 - Gale Group | TDA
Susmita Bhattarai, Utsab Subedi, Shrivats Manikandan, Sudha Sharma, Papori Sharma, Chloe Miller, Md. Shenuarin Bhuiyan, Srivatsan Kidambi, Vassilis Aidinis, Hong Sun, Sumitra Miriyala, Manikandan Panchatcharam,
Autotaxin (ATX) is an extracellular secretory enzyme (lysophospholipase D) that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidyl choline to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The ATX–LPA axis is a well-known pathological mediator ... in this study, we generated an endothelial-specific ATX deletion in mice (ERT2 ATX−/−) to observe stroke outcomes in a mouse stroke model to analyze the role of endothelial ATX. The AR2 probe and Evans Blue staining were used to perform the ATX activity and vascular permeability assays, respectively. Laser speckle ...
Tópico(s): Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
2023 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Cells
Fernando Salgado-Polo, Razvan Borza, Minos‐Timotheos Matsoukas, Florence Marsais, Catherine Jagerschmidt, Ludovic Waeckel, Wouter H. Moolenaar, Paul Ford, Bertrand Heckmann, Anastassis Perrakis,
Autotaxin (ATX; ENPP2) produces the lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) that signals through disparate EDG (LPA1-3) and P2Y (LPA4-6) G protein-coupled receptors. ATX/LPA promotes several (patho)physiological processes, including in ... clinical outcome depends on how different types of ATX inhibitors modulate the ATX/LPA signaling axis. Here, we show that the ATX "tunnel" is crucial for conferring key aspects of ATX/LPA signaling and dictates cellular responses independent of ATX catalytic activity, with a preference for activation of ...
Tópico(s): ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
2023 - Elsevier BV | Cell chemical biology
Mélanie A. Dacheux, Sue Çhin Lee, Yoojin Shin, Derek D. Norman, Kuan‐Hung Lin, E Shuyu, Junming Yue, Zoltán Benyó, Gábor Tigyi,
... bronchial epithelial cells and resident macrophages secrete autotaxin (ATX), an enzyme with lysophospholipase D activity that promotes ... lung stroma could provide a rich source of ATX in diseases. In the present study, we sought to determine whether ATX derived from alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) pneumocytes ... Because B16-F10 cells express high levels of ATX, we used the CRISPR-Cas9 technology to knock out the ATX gene in B16-F10 cells, eliminating the contribution of tumor-derived ATX in lung metastasis. Next, we used the inducible ...
Tópico(s): Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling
2022 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Cancers
Lijuan Gao, Xiaoou Li, Hao Wang, Yue Liao, Yongfang Zhou, Ke Wang, Jun Hu, Mengxin Cheng, Zijian Zeng, Tao Wang, Fuqiang Wen,
Abstract Background Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted glycoprotein that is widely present in extracellular biological fluids and has been implicated in many inflammatory ... However, the clinical impact of the release of ATX in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ... Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of ATX, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor ( ... measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum ATX, MMP-7, and BALF IL-8 levels were ... of ARDS ( P < 0.05). BALF and serum ATX levels were correlated with IL-6, IL-8, ...
Tópico(s): Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
2021 - BioMed Central | Journal of Intensive Care
Xiaotian Zhang, Mengmiao Li, Nan Yin, Junjie Zhang,
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted glycoprotein and functions as a key enzyme to produce extracellular lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA ... 0, G12/13, Gq/11, and Gs. The ATX-LPA axis plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes, including embryogenesis, obesity, and inflammation. ATX is one of the top 40 most unregulated genes in metastatic cancer, and the ATX-LPA axis is involved in the development of ... colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and glioblastoma. ATX expression is under multifaceted controls at the transcription, ...
Tópico(s): Caveolin-1 and cellular processes
2021 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Cells
Yutong You, Xu Wang, Kaiqi Ma, Jiaru Li, Ying Peng, Jiang Zheng,
Atomoxetine (ATX) is a neurological drug widely used for the treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Liver injury has been documented in patients administered ATX. The mechanism of ATX's toxic action is less clear. This study is aimed to characterize reactive metabolites of ATX in vitro and in vivo to assist our understanding of the mechanisms of ATX hepatotoxicity. A hydroxylated metabolite, along with an O-dealkylation metabolite, was found in ATX-supplemented rat liver microsome incubations. Additionally, two glutathione ( ...
Tópico(s): Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
2021 - American Chemical Society | Chemical Research in Toxicology
Nozomi Igarashi, Megumi Honjo, Reiko Yamagishi, Makoto Kurano, Yutaka Yatomi, Koji Igarashi, Toshikatsu Kaburaki, Makoto Aihara,
... in secondary open-angle glaucoma (SOAG). Because autotaxin (ATX) is upregulated in SOAG, we investigated the relationships ... signaling interactions of these mediators.The level of ATX in AH was determined using a two-site ... scope was used to assess the expression of ATX and TGF-β2 in human's eye specimen. ... explore if trans-signaling of TGF-β2 regulates ATX expressions.TGF-β2/ATX ratio was significantly high in AH of control ... revelated positive expressions of both TGF-β2 and ATX in ciliary body (CB) and TM in control, ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Diseases and Treatments
2021 - BioMed Central | Journal of Biomedical Science
Natsuko Nakamura, Reiko Yamagishi, Megumi Honjo, Nozomi Igarashi, Shota Shimizu, Makoto Aihara,
... growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-β2, autotaxin (ATX), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on human trabecular meshwork ( ... Cells were treated with TGF-β1, TGF-β2, ATX, LPA, or vehicle, and mRNA and protein expression ... than that of TGF-β1. The effects of ATX and LPA indicated the time-dependent difference in ... statistically significant change was observed within 24 h. ATX and LPA also reduced permeability statistically significantly after ... LPA was more rapid compared to that of ATX. Statistically significant IOP elevation was observed in rabbit ...
Tópico(s): Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
2021 - Emory University | Molecular vision
Feuangthit Niyamissara Sorasitthiyanukarn, Chawanphat Muangnoi, Pranee Rojsitthisak, Pranee Rojsitthisak,
Astaxanthin (ATX), a hydrophobic xanthophyll family of carotenoids, has various advantageous biological activities. Its use as a bioactive compound ... bioaccessibility, and low bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, ATX-loaded chitosan oligosaccharide/alginate nanoparticles (ATX-COANPs) were fabricated by oil-in-water emulsification ... using the response surface methodology. Characteristics of optimal ATX-COANPs in terms of particle size, zeta potential, ... 9 ± 1.6%, respectively. On transmission electron microscopy, ATX-COANPs have a spherical shape with a smooth ...
Tópico(s): Moringa oleifera research and applications
2021 - Elsevier BV | Food Hydrocolloids
Xin Xu, Yihua Zhang, Junjie Zhang, Xiaotian Zhang,
... the levels or function of these RNAs. Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted glycoprotein and is recognized as ... in converting lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). The ATX-LPA axis exerts multiple biological effects in cell ... in the regulation of cell migration through methylating ATX mRNA. In the human glioma cell line U87, knockdown of NSun2 decreased ATX protein levels, whereas overexpression of NSun2 elevated ATX protein levels. However, neither overexpression nor knockdown of NSun2 altered ATX mRNA levels. Further studies revealed that NSun2 methylated ...
Tópico(s): Galectins and Cancer Biology
2020 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
David N. Brindley, Xiaoyun Tang, Guanmin Meng, Matthew G.K. Benesch,
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme that produces lysophosphatidate (LPA), which signals through six G-protein coupled receptors, promoting ... from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Many cancer cells produce ATX, but breast cancer cells express little ATX. In breast tumors, ATX is produced by tumor-associated stroma. Breast tumors ... tissue, which is a major bodily source of ATX. In mice, a high-fat diet increases adipocyte ATX production. ATX production in obesity is also increased because of ... inflammation in the expanded adipose tissue. This increased ATX secretion and consequent LPA signaling is associated with ...
Tópico(s): Inflammasome and immune disorders
2020 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Pengxiu Cao, Natalie Walker, Russell R. Braeuer, Serina M. Mazzoni, Yoshiro Aoki, Keizo Misumi, David Wheeler, Ragini Vittal, Vibha N. Lama,
... transcriptional repressor of autocrine motility-stimulating factor Autotaxin (ATX). Fibrotic human LR-MSCs demonstrated lower expression of ... in FOXF1 -silenced LR-MSCs by Boyden chamber. ATX is a secreted lysophospholipase D largely responsible for ... Affymetrix analysis. FOXF1 -silenced LR-MSCs demonstrated increased ATX activity, while mFoxf1 overexpression diminished ATX expression and activity. The FOXF1 silencing-induced increase ... was abrogated by genetic and pharmacologic targeting of ATX and LPA1 receptor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses identified three ...
Tópico(s): Signaling Pathways in Disease
2020 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Maria L. Mace, Eva Gravesen, Anders Nordholm, Søren Egstrand, Marya Morevati, Carsten H. Nielsen, Andreas Kjær, Geert J. Behets, Patrick C. D’Haese, Klaus Ølgaard, Ewa Lewin,
... a new animal model using isogenic aorta transplantation (ATx). Severely calcified aortas from uremic rats were transplanted into healthy rats (uremic ATx). Transplantation of normal aortas into healthy rats (normal ATx) and age-matched rats (control) served as control ... measured by μCT, was significantly lower in uremic ATx rats compared with both control groups. Uremic ATx rats showed a significant upregulation of the mineralization ... matrix, bone turnover, and Wnt signaling in uremic ATx rats, with no difference between normal ATx and ...
Tópico(s): Heterotopic Ossification and Related Conditions
2020 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
Xue Shao, Haruki Uojima, Toru Setsu, Tomomi Okubo, Masanori Atsukawa, Yoshihiro Furuichi, Yoshitaka Arase, Hisashi Hidaka, Yoshiaki Tanaka, Takahide Nakazawa, Makoto Kako, Tatehiro Kagawa, Katsuhiko Iwakiri, Shuji Terai, Wasaburo Koizumi,
Autotaxin (ATX) has been reported as a direct biomarker for estimating the evaluation of liver fibrosis. But available data on ATX as a useful biomarker for the complications of ... are scant.To assess the clinical usefulness of ATX for assessing the complications of LC.This multicenter, ... We include patients with LC, n = 400. The ATX level was evaluated separately in men and women ... female patients. To assess the clinical usefulness of ATX for the complications of LC, the area under the curve (AUC) of ATX assessing for the severe complications was analyzed in ...
Tópico(s): Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
2020 - Baishideng Publishing Group | World Journal of Gastroenterology
Dilek Özbeyli, Esra Bihter Gürler, Hülya Buzcu, Özlem Kaya, Muhammet Emin Çam, Meral Yüksel,
Background/Aims: Astaxanthin (ATX) is a naturally occurring carotenoid and a potent antioxidant.Various anti-inflammatory effects of ATX have been examined.We aimed to investigate the protective effect of ATX and its mechanism in a cerulein-induced acute ... divided into subgroups as AP+vehicle (AP), AP+ATX, and ATX+peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha antagonist GW6471 (ATX+GW) groups.To induce AP, the rats were ... AP group was treated with vehicle olive oil, ATX 40 mg/kg/orally, or GW6471 and ATX ( ...
Tópico(s): Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
2020 - | The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology
Mulatu Geleta, Cecilia Gustafsson, Jeffrey C. Glaubitz, Rodomiro Ortíz,
... 8) and the five Arabidopsis thaliana (At) chromosomes (Atx-1 to Atx-5) was revealed through comparative genomics analysis: LG-1&2_Atx-1, LG-3_Atx-2&3, LG-4_Atx-2, LG-5_Atx-2&Atx-3, LG-6_Atx-4&5, LG-7_Atx-4, and LG-8_Atx-5. This analysis revealed that at least 66% ...
Tópico(s): Plant Reproductive Biology
2020 - Frontiers Media | Frontiers in Plant Science
Ayami Fukiage, Hatsue Fujino, Daiki Miki, Yasutaka Ishii, Masahiro Serikawa, Masataka Tsuge, Michio Imamura, Hiroshi Aikata, C. Nelson Hayes, Kazuaki Chayama,
... to predict relapse. We investigated whether serum autotaxin (ATX) level is predictive of AIP relapse after steroid ... type 1 AIP were investigated. We measured serum ATX at the time of diagnosis. We selected 24 ... steroid therapy had been obtained and measured serum ATX at steroid therapy for induction of remission and ... therapy. In the relapse group, we also measured ATX at the time of relapse. ATX was significantly higher in female patients than in male patients. In order to clarify changes in ATX during steroid therapy, we focused on 24 male ...
Tópico(s): Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
2020 - Springer Science+Business Media | Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Jiayi Gu, Yuming Chen, Ling Tong, Xueling Wang, Dehong Yu, Hao Wu,
... various antioxidants, which act as otoprotective agents. Astaxanthin (ATX) is an interesting candidate in the development of ... aimed to evaluate the potential antioxidant properties of ATX in the inner ear by using the HEI-OC1 cell line, zebrafish, and guinea pigs. Because ATX has poor solubility and cannot pass through round ... established lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPN) for loading ATX. The LPN enabled ATX to penetrate RWM and maintain concentrations in the ... ear for 24 h after a single injection. ATX-LPN were found to have favorable biocompatibility and ...
Tópico(s): Electron Spin Resonance Studies
2020 - BioMed Central | Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Kevin R. MacKenzie, Mingkun Zhao, Mercedes Barzi, Jin Wang, Karl‐Dimiter Bissig, Mirjana Maletić‐Savatić, Sung Yun Jung, Feng Li,
Atomoxetine (ATX), a selective and potent inhibitor of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter, is used mainly to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Although multiple adverse effects associated with ATX have been reported including severe liver injuries, the mechanisms of ATX-related toxicity remain largely unknown. Metabolism frequently contributes ... through reactive metabolites, and the bioactivation status of ATX is still not investigated yet. Here, we systematically investigated ATX metabolism, bioactivation, species difference in human, mouse, and ...
Tópico(s): Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
2020 - Elsevier BV | European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Hideki Kitahara, Takashi Nakayama, Yoshihide Fujimoto, Yoshio Kobayashi,
BackgroundTendon xanthoma, represented as Achilles tendon xanthoma (ATX), is one of the important diagnostic criteria for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). However, there are some cases with ATX who do not meet these criteria. This study ... of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with ATX.MethodsA total of 394 patients with CAD undergoing ... of 9 mm or more was regarded as ATX. Heterozygous FH was diagnosed according to the diagnostic ... period.ResultsThere were 43 (10.9%) patients with ATX, and 16 (4.1%) were diagnosed as FH ( ...
Tópico(s): Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
2020 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Cardiology
Takahiro Nojiri, Makoto Kurano, Osamu Araki, Kazuki Nakawatari, Masako Nishikawa, Satoshi Shimamoto, Koji Igarashi, Kuniyuki Kano, Junken Aoki, Shinji Kihara, Masami Murakami, Yutaka Yatomi,
... lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and its producing enzyme, autotaxin (ATX), in the pathogenesis of various diseases; among them, the involvement of the ATX/LPA axis in some immunological disturbances has been ... this study, we investigated the association between serum ATX levels and Graves' disease. We measured the levels of serum total ATX and ATX isoforms (classical ATX and novel ATX) in patients with untreated Graves' disease, Graves' disease ... as well as normal subjects. The serum total ATX and ATX isoform levels were higher in the ...
Tópico(s): Inflammasome and immune disorders
2019 - Japan Endocrine Society | Endocrine Journal
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Birgit Dusemund, Maryline Kouba, Mojca Fašmon Durjava, Marta López‐Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechová, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Yolanda Sanz, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Georges Bories, Paul Brantom, Derek Renshaw, Josef Schlatter, Reinhard Ackerl, Orsolya Holczknecht, Hans Steinkellner, Maria Vittoria Vettori, Jürgen Gropp,
... on the safety and efficacy of astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinate (ATX-DMDS) for salmonids, crustaceans and other fish.The applicant has provided evidence that ATX-DMDS currently on the market complies with the conditions of authorisation for salmon and trout.ATX and ATX-DMDS are safe for salmonids, crustaceans and fish up to 100 mg ATX/kg complete diet, corresponding to 138 mg ATX-DMDS/kg.The FEEDAP Panel re-assessed the toxicological profile of ATX based on data already considered in 2014, the ... of an EFSA public call for data on ATX.The acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.2 ...
Tópico(s): Agricultural safety and regulations
2019 - Wiley | EFSA Journal
Sacha Flammier, Olivier Peyruchaud, Fanny Bourguillault, F. Duboeuf, J. Davignon, Derek D. Norman, Sylvie Isaac, Hubert Marotte, Gábor Tigyi, Irma Machuca‐Gayet, Fabienne Coury,
... physiologic function of OCs in bone remodeling. Autotaxin (ATX) contributes to inflammation, but its role in bone erosion is unknown.ATX was targeted by inhibitory treatment with pharmacologic drugs and also by conditional inactivation of the ATX gene Ennp2 in murine OCs (ΔATXCtsk ). Arthritic and ... histology and micro-computed tomography. The role of ATX in RA was also examined in OC differentiation ... assays.OCs present at sites of inflammation overexpressed ATX. Pharmacologic inhibition of ATX in hTNF+/- mice, as ...
Tópico(s): Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
2019 - Wiley | Arthritis & Rheumatology
Norihiko Sakai, Gretchen Bain, Kengo Furuichi, Yasunori Iwata, Miki Nakamura, Akinori Hara, Shinji Kitajima, Akihiro Sagara, Taito Miyake, Tadashi Toyama, Kōichi Sato, Shiori Nakagawa, Miho Shimizu, Shuichi Kaneko, Takashi Wada,
... promotes fibrosis by regulating multiple fibroblast functions. Autotaxin (ATX) is a key LPA-producing enzyme, and we hypothesized that ATX contributes to the development of renal interstitial fibrosis ... unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), the levels of renal ATX protein and activity increased with the progression of ... in ligated kidneys, despite concurrent reductions in renal ATX mRNA. UUO enhanced vascular permeability in the renal interstitium, and ATX protein localized to areas of vascular leak, suggesting ...
Tópico(s): Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
2019 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Christiana Magkrioti, Apostolos Galaris, Paraskevi Kanellopoulou, Elli-Anna Stylianaki, Eleanna Kaffe, Vassilis Aidinis,
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted glycoprotein, widely present in biological fluids including blood. ATX catalyzes the hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) to lysophosphatidic ... are widely expressed and exhibit overlapping specificities. Although ATX also possesses matricellular properties, the majority of ATX reported functions in adulthood are thought to be mediated through the extracellular production of LPA. ATX-mediated LPA synthesis is likely localized at the cell surface through the possible interaction of ATX with integrins or other molecules, while LPA levels ...
Tópico(s): Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
2019 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Autoimmunity