Tsuyoshi Tanimoto, Hideo Fukuda, Jiro Kawamura,
Four aldose reductases, designated here as aldose reductases Ia, Ib, IIa and IIb, have been purified to homogeneity from rabbit lens by a combination of several procedures such as ... and chromatofocusing. The molecular weights of the four aldose reductases were estimated to be 33000 by Sephadex ... enzymes were capable of reducing various aldehydes and aldoses. However, D-hexoses (D-glucose and Dgalactose) were poor substrates for aldose reductases IIa and IIb. Aldose reductases Ia and Ib used both reduced nicotinamide ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Glycation End Products research
1983 - Pharmaceutical Society of Japan | Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Satish K. Srivastava, Naseem H. Ansari, Gregory A. Hair, Ballabh Das,
Immunochemical characterizations of aldose reductase and aldehyde reductases I and II, partially purified by DEAE-cellulose (DE-52) column chromatography from human tissues, ... the homogenous preparations of human and bovine lens aldose reductase and human placenta aldehyde reductase I and aldehyde reductase II. Anti-aldose antiserum cross-reacted with aldehyde reductase I, anti-aldehyde reductase I antiserum cross-reacted with aldose reductase and anti-aldehyde reductase II antiserum precipitated ... reductase II, but did not cross-react with aldose reductase or aldehyde reductase I from all the ...
Tópico(s): Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
1984 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
Tsuyoshi Tanimoto, Hideo Fukuda, Jiro Kawamura,
The properties of two aldose reductases (Ia and Ib) from rabbit lens were investigated. Both enzymes showed similar substrate specificity, and were capable of reducing various aldoses and aldehydes. On the basis of apparent Km, ... toward aromatic aldehydes such as pnitrobenzaldehyde. Among the aldoses tested, the aldose reductases exhibited a high affinity for DL-glyceraldehyde ( ... of 92mM for Ia and 126mM for Ib). Aldose reductase I's could utilize both reduced nicotinamide ... NADH (420μM for Ia and 270μM for Ib). Aldose reductase I's were strongly activated by sulfate ...
Tópico(s): Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
1984 - Pharmaceutical Society of Japan | Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Michael E. Maragoudakis, James Wasvary, Hilda Hankin, Paul Gargiulo,
The inhibition of aldose reductase from a human source by alrestatin was studied. The enzyme from placenta was purified to apparent homogeneity by ( ... purification by electrofocusing, however, human or rat placenta aldose reductase exhibited a marked increase in its sensitivity ... microM). In contrast to human or rat placenta aldose reductase, rat lens aldose reductase was equally sensitive to alrestatin at the ... which the sensitive and insensitive forms of placenta aldose reductase were mixed revealed that the difference in ...
Tópico(s): Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
1984 - American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | Molecular Pharmacology
Ballabh Das, Satish K. Srivastava,
Aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) and aldehyde reductase II (L-hexonate dehydrogenase, EC 1.1. ... under denaturing conditions. The isoelectric pH's for aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase II were determined to ... 5.06, respectively. Substrate specificity studies showed that aldose reductase, besides catalyzing the reduction of various aldehydes ... however, did not use aldo-sugars as substrate. Aldose reductase activity is expressed with either NADH or ... can utilize only NADPH. The pH optima for aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase II are 6.2 ...
Tópico(s): Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
1985 - Elsevier BV | Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
M Ohta, T Tanimoto, Akira Tanaka,
Aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase from the medulla of the rat kidney have been purified to homogeneity ... gel filtration and chromatofocusing. The molecular weights of aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase by sodium dodecyl sulfate ( ... 37000 and 39000, respectively. The isoelectric points of aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase were found to be ... and aspartic acid. Substrate specificity studies showed that aldose reductase utilized aldo-sugars such as D-glucose ... did not use them. The Km values of aldose reductase for various substrates were lower than those ...
Tópico(s): Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
1990 - Pharmaceutical Society of Japan | Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin
Benjamin D. Cowley, Joan D. Ferraris, Deborah Carper, Maurice B. Burg,
... synthesis from glucose in a reaction catalyzed by aldose reductase. Medullary sodium and urea are high and ... osmolyte. We measured renal medullary sodium, urea, sorbitol, aldose reductase (protein and activity), and aldose reductase mRNA in rats treated to change medullary ... increased out of proportion to sodium, and sorbitol, aldose reductase, and aldose reductase mRNA were unchanged. After 2 h of ... and urea and reduced mRNA and sorbitol; however aldose reductase did not change. These data are consistent ...
Tópico(s): Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
1990 - American Physical Society | AJP Renal Physiology
Satish K. Srivastava, Naseem H. Ansari, Gregory A. Hair, Jonathan B. Jaspan, Mahankali B. Rao, Ballabh Das,
... glucose resulted in a several-fold increase in aldose reductase (alditol:NADP+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1. ... the rate of sorbitol formation. As compared to aldose reductase from human erythrocytes not incubated with glucose (native enzyme), aldose reductase from 30 mM glucose-incubated erythrocytes (activated ... diphosphoglycerate, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and 3-phophoglycerate, and aldose reductase inhibitors such as sorbinil and alrestatin. The ... intermediates, and was less susceptible to inhibition by aldose reductase inhibitors. In erythrocytes of the diabetic subjects, ...
Tópico(s): Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
1986 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics
Peter F. Kador, J. H. Kinoshita, David R. Brittain, D. J. Mirrlees, Christopher M. Sennitt, D. Sloan Stribling,
... production of polyols in vitro by highly purified aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) was monitored ... g.l.c. In the presence of NADPH aldose reductase reduced glucose, galactose and xylose to the ... polyol production occurred in the absence of purified aldose of purified aldose reductase, and analysis by g.l.c. revealed ... the presence of unchanged monosaccharides. Addition of the aldose reductase inhibitor sorbinil to purified rat lens aldose reductase incubated with xylose in the presence of NADPH resulted in decreased xylitol production. However, aldose reductase inhibitors produced no effect in altering the ...
Tópico(s): Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
1986 - Portland Press | Biochemical Journal
A. García-Pérez, Brian M. Martin, Helen Murphy, Shinichi Uchida, Heini Murer, Benjamin D. Cowley, Jerome S. Handler, Maurice B. Burg,
... synthesized from glucose in a reaction catalyzed by aldose reductase. When the medium is made hyperosmotic, aldose reductase activity increases because of a larger increase ... produced by the accelerated rate of synthesis of aldose reductase protein. The purpose of the present studies ... to examine the mechanism of this increase in aldose reductase protein by measuring the relative abundance of aldose reductase mRNA. A cDNA clone coding for rabbit kidney aldose reductase was isolated. Antisense RNA probes transcribed from ...
Tópico(s): Pancreatic function and diabetes
1989 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
H Terubayashi, Sanai Sato, Chihiro Nishimura, Peter F. Kador, Jin H. Kinoshita,
... in all three regions was inhibited by the aldose reductase inhibitors sorbinil, tolrestat and 7-hydroxychromone-2- ... on the inhibitors, the inner medulla contains primarily aldose reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) while the ... This distribution was confirmed by a radioimmunoassay for aldose reductase. Immunohistochemical investigations of the rat kidney with antibodies against rat lens aldose reductase and rat kidney aldehyde reductase revealed a ... was localized in the proximal convoluted tubules. Immunoreactive aldose reductase was detected in Henle's loop at ...
Tópico(s): Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
1989 - Elsevier BV | Kidney International
... of increased flux of glucose through the enzyme aldose reductase, was made more than 20 years ago. ... until the demonstration that administration of inhibitors of aldose reductase to diabetic rats prevented not only accumulation ... by oral administration of myo-inositol or an aldose reductase inhibitor in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.Diabetologia. 1983; ... by oral administration of myo-inositol or an aldose reductase inhibitor in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.Diabetologia. 1983; ... ganglion of STZ-diabetic rat and prevention by aldose reductase inhibition.Diabetes. 1986; 35: 1106-1108Crossref PubMed ...
Tópico(s): Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
1989 - Elsevier BV | Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Nana Kawasaki, Tsuyoshi Tanimoto, Akira Tanaka,
Aldose reductase (alditol:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.21) and aldehyde reductase (alcohol:NADP+ ... homogeneity from rat testis. The molecular weights of aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase were estimated to be ... 5.3 and 6.1 by chromatofocusing, respectively. Aldose reductase had activity for aldo-sugars such as ... for these aldo-sugars. The Km values of aldose reductase for aldo-sugars were relatively high. When ... the enzyme, the Km values were much lower. Aldose reductase utilized both NADPH and NADH as coenzyme, ...
Tópico(s): Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
1989 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics
Jin H. Kinoshita, Chihiro Nishimura,
... p. 323-337 Diabetic Complication The involvement of aldose reductase in diabetic complications Jin H. Kinoshita, Jin ... and Kinoshita JH: Isolation and properties of lens aldose reductase. J Biol Chem 240: 877–882, 1965. ... M, and Gabbay KH: The effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor on the galactose-exposed lens. Biochim ... JH, Varma SD, and Merola LO: Inhibition of aldose reductase in vivo. Science 182: 1146–1147, 1973. ... Judzewitsch RG, Jaspan JB, Polonsky KS, et al.: Aldose reductase inhibition improves nerve conduction velocity in diabetic ...
Tópico(s): Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
1988 - Wiley | Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews
Miyako Ohta, Tsuyoshi Tanimoto, Akira Tanaka,
... reducing enzymes were present in the dog kidney. Aldose reductase was located in the inner medulla region ... a new reductase designated tentatively as high-Km aldose reductase, which was converted into an aldose reductase-like enzyme, was present in the inner medulla region of the kidney. Aldose reductase, aldehyde reductase and high-Km aldose reductase were purified to homogeneity from each region of the dog kidney. The molecular weight of aldose reductase was estimated to be 38,500 by ... was found to be 5.7 by chromatofocusing. Aldose reductase had activity for aldo-sugars such as ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
1991 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics
Chihiro Nishimura, Takashi Yamaoka, Masakazu Mizutani, K. Yamashita, Tai Akera, Tsuyoshi Tanimoto,
Large quantities of recombinant human aldose reductase were produced using Spodoptera frugiperda cells and properties of the enzyme were characterized. Direct purification of the recombinant aldose reductase by affinity column chromatography using Matrex gel ... similar in size to the purified human muscle aldose reductase, on a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ... 85 which is identical to the human muscle aldose reductase. Following the treatment with an acylamino-acid ... previously reported kinetic data on the purified human aldose reductase. A high concentration of (NH4)2SO4 elicited ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
1991 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics
Tsuyoshi Tanimoto, Miyako Ohta, Akira Tanaka, Isao Ikemoto, Toyohei Machida,
1. Aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase were purified to homogeneity from human testis. 2. The molecular weight of aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase were estimated to be ... 9 and 5.1 by chromatofocusing, respectively. 3. Aldose reductase had activity for aldo-sugars, whereas aldehyde ... inactive for aldo-sugars. The Km values of aldose reductase for D-glucose, D-galactose and D- ... were 57, 49 and 6.2 mM, respectively. Aldose reductase utilized both NADPH and NADH as coenzymes, ... 4. Sulfate ion caused 3-fold activation of aldose reductase, but little for that of aldehyde reductase. ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
1991 - Elsevier BV | International Journal of Biochemistry
George J. Schwartz, Beth Zavilowitz, Antonella Radice, A. García-Pérez, Jeff M. Sands,
... produced in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme aldose reductase. We sought to discriminate between two possible mechanisms of aldose reductase induction during development: (a) a response to ... of the kidney. We measured the change in aldose reductase mRNA and activity in terminal inner medullary ... Dawley rats during the first month of life. Aldose reductase mRNA was assayed by Northern analysis of ... RT-PCR) product obtained from single IMCDs using aldose reductase-specific primers. Aldose reductase activity was measured ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
1992 - American Society for Clinical Investigation | Journal of Clinical Investigation
... M, and McLean P: The effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (sorbinil) on the level of metabolites ... with diabetic retinopathy in galactose-fed dogs by aldose reductase inhibitors. Arch Ophthalmol 108: 1301–1309, 1990. ... Diabetic-like retinopathy in rats prevented with an aldose reductase inhibitor. Invest Ophthalml Vis Sci 30: 2285– ... and myo-inositol in galactosemic dogs given an aldose-reductase inhibitor. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 32: 3175– ... MA, and Williamson JR: Discordant effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, on vascular structure and function ...
Tópico(s): melanin and skin pigmentation
1992 - Wiley | Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews
Masayuki Ohtaka, Masato Tawata, Yoshiyuki Hosaka, Toshimasa Onaya,
We examined the effect of glucose on aldose reductase mRNA expression and its activity in calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells. After the cells were exposed to 18 mmol/l glucose, aldose reductase mRNA expression began to increase at 6 ... increase) at 12 h, and thereafter gradually decreased. Aldose reductase activity was found to strongly correlate with aldose reductase mRNA expression after cells were exposed to 18 mmol/l glucose. In contrast, aldose reductase mRNA expression was significantly decreased following exposure ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
1992 - Springer Science+Business Media | Diabetologia
Fred L. Smardo, Maurice B. Burg, A. García-Pérez,
... medium accumulate sorbitol through a reaction catalyzed by aldose reductase and betaine through osmotically regulated transport. Hypertonicity increases aldose reductase protein synthesis rate by elevating its mRNA abundance. To test whether the rise in aldose reductase mRNA is due to enhanced transcription, PAP- ... transcription rate was measured by nuclear run-on. Aldose reductase transcription rate peaked at 17-fold the ... stabilized at fivefold the isotonic level within days. Aldose reductase mRNA stability was not significantly different between ...
Tópico(s): Pancreatic function and diabetes
1992 - American Physical Society | AJP Cell Physiology
Anita Gálvez, Juan Alberto Ulloa, Mario Chiong, Alfredo Criollo, Verónica Eisner, L. Felipe Barros, Sergio Lavandero,
... the present study, we assessed the role of aldose reductase, the key enzyme of the polyol pathway, ... sorbitol treatment resulting in induction and activation of aldose reductase, decreased expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl- ... fragmentation, and glutathione depletion. Apoptosis was attenuated by aldose reductase inhibition with zopolrestat and also by glutathione ... nature of the osmolyte and requires induction of aldose reductase as well as a decrease in intracellular ... the present study, we assessed the role of aldose reductase, the key enzyme of the polyol pathway, ...
Tópico(s): Biochemical effects in animals
2003 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Masakazu Haneda, Daisuke Koya, Motohide Isono, Ryuichi Kikkawa,
... MAPK). Glucose is also converted to sorbitol by aldose reductase (AR) and then to fructose by sorbitol ... polyol pathway. Glucose is converted to sorbitol by aldose reductase and then to fructose by sorbitol dehydrogenase. Since the Km value of aldose reductase for glucose is relatively high, the rate ... intracellular glucose concentrations. Enzymes of the polyol pathway, aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, have been identified in ... been examined using specific inhibitors of polyol pathway, aldose reductase inhibitors. Although aldose reductase inhibitors were shown ...
Tópico(s): Renal Diseases and Glomerulopathies
2003 - American Society of Nephrology | Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Seán Shaw, Xiaodan Wang, Heather Redd, Gwendolyn D. Alexander, Carlos M. Isales, Mario B. Marrero,
... normal glucose (5.5 mm (NG)). Both the aldose reductase specific inhibitor (zopolrestat) or transfection with aldose reductase antisense oligonucleotide blocked the phosphorylation of JAK2, ... normal glucose (5.5 mm (NG)). Both the aldose reductase specific inhibitor (zopolrestat) or transfection with aldose reductase antisense oligonucleotide blocked the phosphorylation of JAK2, ... JAK2 antibodies were obtained from BIOSOURCE International. The aldose reductase inhibitor zopolrestat and the PKC-β inhibitor ...
Tópico(s): Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
2003 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Laurent Vergnes, Jack Phan, Andrew Stolz, Karen Reue,
... family, AKR1, can be broadly subdivided into the aldose reductase, aldehyde reductase, and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) subfamilies. The aldehyde reductase and aldose reductase subfamilies have been studied most extensively, with aldose reductase proteins being implicated in ocular lens development ( ... B. De Jong W.W. Evolution of the aldose reductase-related gecko eye lens protein rhoB-crystallin: ... the neurological complications of diabetes (6Yabe-Nishimura C. Aldose reductase in glucose toxicity: a potential target for ...
Tópico(s): Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
2003 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Lipid Research
Irina G. Obrosova, Roman Stavniichuk, Viktor R. Drel, Hanna Shevalye, Іgor Vareniuk, Jerry L. Nadler, Robert E. Schmidt,
... Those include but are not limited to increased aldose reductase activity,6Cameron NE Cotter MA Basso M ... TC Comparison of the effects of inhibitors of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase on neurovascular function, nerve ... L Cao XC Greene DA Stevens MJ An aldose reductase inhibitor reverses early diabetes-induced changes in ... Oates PJ Ellery CA Chung SS Chung SK Aldose reductase-deficient mice are protected from delayed motor ... conduction velocity in experimental diabetic neuropathy: interactions with aldose reductase.Diabetes. 2004; 53: 1851-1856Crossref PubMed Scopus ( ...
Tópico(s): Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
2010 - Elsevier BV | American Journal Of Pathology
... in the retinal vessels. Sorbinil, an inhibitor of aldose reductase (a key enzyme of the polyol pathway), ... there is a rationale for adjunct therapy with aldose reductase inhibitors. Despite extensive studies, diabetic retinopathy remains ... in retinal vessels of diabetic rats. Sorbinil inhibits aldose reductase, which is a key enzyme of the ... our 3-year multicenter, randomized, controlled study (the Aldose Reductase Inhibitor-Diabetes Complications Trial [ADCT]), epalrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor, significantly reduced deterioration of nerve function ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Glycation End Products research
2010 - Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes | Journal of Diabetes Investigation
Elena Berrone, Elena Beltramo, Carmela Solimine, A. Ubertalli Ape, Massimo Porta,
... the polyol pathway, the key enzyme of which, aldose reductase, transforms d-glucose into d-sorbitol, leading ... benfotiamine 50 or 100 μmol/liter. Transketolase and aldose reductase mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription- ... linked immunosorbent assay method. Thiamine and benfotiamine reduce aldose reductase mRNA expression, activity, sorbitol concentrations, and intracellular ... the polyol pathway, the key enzyme of which, aldose reductase, transforms d-glucose into d-sorbitol, leading ... benfotiamine 50 or 100 μmol/liter. Transketolase and aldose reductase mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription- ...
Tópico(s): Biochemical Acid Research Studies
2006 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Mounting experimental evidence links increased aldose reductase activity with diabetes-related kidney functional changes. To investigate the interrelationship of NADPH-dependent reductases in the human kidney, both aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase were purified from human ... on polyacrylamide gel after electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing. Aldose reductase has a pI of 5.7 and ... also obtained by gel filtration, indicating that both aldose and aldehyde reductases are present as monomers in ... localized in the cortex, while the medulla contains aldose reductase. Both enzymes displayed properties consistent with the ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
1993 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
D. A. Greene, Anders A. F. Sima, M. J. Stevens, Eva L. Feldman, Paul D. Killen, D N Henry, T. Thomas, J. Dananberg, S. A. Lattimer,
... ReviewsVolume 9, Issue 3 p. 189-217 Article Aldose reductase inhibitors: An approach to the treatment of ... KY, Gabbay KH, Rubenstein AG, and Porte D: Aldose reductase inhibition improves nerve conduction velocity in diabetic ... Google Scholar 3 Greene DA, and Sima AAF: Aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) treatment normalizes axo-glial dysjunction ... and Greene DA: Preventive effect of long term aldose reductase inhibition (Ponalrestat) on nerve conduction and sural ... ganglion of STZ-diabetic rat and prevention by aldose reductase inhibition. Diabetes 35: 1106–1108, 1986. 10. ...
Tópico(s): Pain Management and Opioid Use
1993 - Wiley | Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews