The alnicos are an important group of permanent magnet alloys. They contain Fe, Co, Ni, and A1 with minor ... This chapter discusses the structure and properties of alnico permanent magnet alloys. The relatively high coercivities of the alnicos are due to the shape anisotropy of Fe ... a controlled rate ≈30 °Cs–1, the isotropic alnicos 1–4 are subsequently tempered for several hours ... the (100) directions in the matrix. The anisotropic alnicos 5, 6, 7, and the grain-oriented alnico 5DG are produced by controlled cooling from 1250 ° ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
1982 - Elsevier BV | Handbook of ferromagnetic materials
Joong Jung Kim, Hyun Soon Park, Daisuke Shindo, S. Hirosawa, Hideyuki Morimoto,
The magnetic microstructure of Alnico 5 and Alnico 8 and their magnetization process were investigated systematically at a nanometer scale by means of electron holography and Lorentz microscopy. In particular, the magnetization process in Alnico alloys was visualized for the first time by ... reflected the difference in the shape anisotropy between Alnico 5 and Alnico 8. With an increase in the magnetic field ... a large reversed domain was formed. In both Alnico 5 and Alnico 8, it was shown that the magnetization process ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties and Applications
2006 - | MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
Sajjad Ur Rehman, Han Ouyang, Qingzheng Jiang, Kai Liu, Lunke He, Jie Song, Lei Wang, Xiaohua Luo, Shengcan Ma, Zhenchen Zhong,
Alnico 8 elements are added into Ce-Fe-B ribbons and the effects of the multi elements ... investigated. It is found that the addition of alnico elements is helpful for enhancing the magnetic properties ... to 490 K by 20 wt% addition of alnico, while the Curie temperature of CeFe2 (1:2) ... by applying Henkel plots also enhanced by adding alnico elements into Ce-Fe-B ribbons. The magnetic ... max improved significantly for the optimized addition of alnico. Magnetic properties of Hcj = 5.16 kOe, Br = ... 4.14 MGOe are obtained in Ce35Fe56.5(alnico)7.5B ribbon. The improved magnetic properties in ...
Tópico(s): Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
2019 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
... to use magnetic susceptibility as the indicator. Magnetic Alnico alloy was investigated as an anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Both pristine and partially oxidized Alnico powders were made into electrodes. Structural characterization was performed on the Alnico electrodes by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning ... The electrochemical cycling of cells made of the Alnico electrodes against lithium was measured. The first lithium intercalation capacity of a treated Alnico can be up to about 600 mAh/g, ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Battery Technologies Research
2003 - Elsevier BV | Electrochemistry Communications
Emma White, Aaron G. Kassen, Emrah Simsek, Wei Tang, Ryan Ott, Iver E. Anderson,
Alternatives to rare earth permanent magnets, such as alnico, will reduce supply instability, increase sustainability, and could ... high-temperature applications, such as traction drive motors. Alnico magnets with moderate coercivity, high remanence, and relatively ... describes initial studies of net-shape fabrication of alnico magnets by AM using a laser engineered net ... atomized pre-alloyed powders of two different modified alnico "8" compositions, with high purity and sphericity, were ... over their cast and sintered counterparts. The resulting alnico permanent magnets were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties of Alloys
2017 - IEEE Magnetics Society | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Emma White, Emily Rinko, Timothy Prost, Tim Horn, Christopher Ledford, Christopher Rock, Iver E. Anderson,
... magnets without rare earth (RE) elements, such as alnico, will improve supply stability and potentially decrease permanent ... drive motors and other increased temperature applications. Commercial alnico magnets with the highest energy product are produced ... compositionally graded structures. This report describes fabrication of alnico magnets by AM using both laser engineered net ... PBF). High pressure gas atomized (HPGA) pre-alloyed alnico powders, with high purity and sphericity, were built ... yet result in any preferred texture within the alnico AM builds. These findings demonstrate feasibility for near ...
Tópico(s): High Entropy Alloys Studies
2019 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Applied Sciences
P. Pashkov, A. Ya. Fridman, E. Granovsky, V.A. Sergeyev, R. Larichkina,
I. Single crystals of Alnico V and Alnico VIII alloys with 35, 40, and 42 wt.% Co and 5, 7, and 8 wt.% Ti, respectively, were investigated by x-ray analysis ... of thin foils. It was found: (1) In Alnico V, alloy decomposition begins with the formation of ... and at least, two cubic phases. (2) In Alnico VIII-type alloys with an increased content of ... the spinodal nature of solid solution decomposition in Alnico alloys. II. Microstructural analysis of Alnico VS55 single crystals revealed their dendritic structure. Some ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties and Applications
1969 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
Aaron G. Kassen, Emma White, Wei Tang, Liangfa Hu, Andriy Palasyuk, Lin Zhou, Iver E. Anderson,
... renewed research in RE-free permanent magnets like “alnico,” an Al-Ni-Co-Fe alloy. Thus, high-pressure, gas-atomized isotropic type-8H pre-alloyed alnico powder was compression molded with a clean burn- ... shape and sintered to density >99% of cast alnico 8 (full density of 7.3 g/cm3). To produce aligned sintered alnico magnets for improved energy product and magnetic remanence, ... growth, avoiding directional solidification that provides alignment in alnico 9. Successful development of solid-state powder processing ...
Tópico(s): Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | JOM
... amounts of cobalt and titanium known today as Alnico 8, and in secondary recrystallizing techniques on special forms of Alnico 5 to produce a single large crystal from ... producing crystalline anisotropy in a modified form of Alnico 8 has produced energy products as high as ... MG·Oe and magnets are commercially available as Alnico 9 with energy products averaging 9.0 MG· ... of secondary recrystallization to a columnar aggregate of Alnico 9 and achieve further energy product enhancement to ...
Tópico(s): Microstructure and mechanical properties
1966 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
Lin Zhou, M.K. Miller, Ping Lü, Liqin Ke, Ralph Skomski, H. Dillon, Q. Xing, Andriy Palasyuk, M.R. McCartney, David J. Smith, S. Constantinides, R. W. McCallum, Iver E. Anderson, Vladimir Antropov, M. J. Kramer,
... stimulated an intensive search for alternative permanent magnets. Alnico materials, alloys containing Al, Ni, Co and Fe, ... 2–3× below theoretical limits. The coercivity of alnico depends on the nanostructure developed during spinodal decomposition. ... advanced electron microcopy, indicate that the microstructure of alnico is sensitive to the introduction of alloying elements ... the imposed magnetic field during spinodal decomposition. The alnico coercivity mechanism involves interplay of size, chemistry and ...
Tópico(s): Metallurgical and Alloy Processes
2014 - Elsevier BV | Acta Materialia
Q. Xing, M.K. Miller, Lin Zhou, H. Dillon, R. W. McCallum, Iver E. Anderson, S. Constantinides, M. J. Kramer,
Insight into microstructural features in commercial alnico alloys is revealed through electron microscopy. Significant differences were found in the chemical make-up of the primary phases and their distributions ... phase from an ordered B2 phase found in alnico 5-7 to a L2 1 phase found in alnico 8 and 9. The question whether the FeCo- ... is uniformly distributed in the matrix phase for alnico 5-7 whereas for alnico 8 and 9, pure Cu precipitates locate along ...
Tópico(s): Metallurgical and Alloy Processes
2013 - IEEE Magnetics Society | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Selim Molla, Omar Farrok, Md. Rabiul Islam, Kashem M. Muttaqi,
... the conventional linear generator is constructed with either Alnico (specially AlNiCo-9) or Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets (PMs) for harvesting oceanic wave energy. Alnico is a composition of aluminium (Al), nickel (Ni), ... to iron, which is its major volumetric component. Alnico has a poor magnetic energy product, and NdFeB ... The performances are compared for using Fe16N2 and AlNiCo PMs in the same PMLG design for a ... 55% more electrical power than that of using AlNiCo. The voltage, current, magnetic flux linkage, power, and ...
Tópico(s): Frequency Control in Power Systems
2020 - Institution of Engineering and Technology | IET Electric Power Applications
Manh Cuong Nguyen, Xin Zhao, Cai‐Zhuang Wang, Kai-Ming Ho,
... searching for high performance RE-free permanent magnets. Alnico alloys are traditional non-RE permanent magnets and ... accurate and efficient cluster expansion energy model for alnico 5–7. Monte Carlo simulations using the cluster ... method are performed to investigate the structure of alnico 5–7 at atomistic and nano scales. The alnico 5–7 master alloy is found to decompose ... is lowered, implying that the magnetic properties of alnico 5–7 could be improved by lowering annealing ...
Tópico(s): Hydrogen Storage and Materials
2015 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
Zhihe Zhao, Jiangtao Zhao, Mingkun Wang, Yingli Sun, Weixing Xia, Zhenlong Chao, Shushuang Li, Renjie Chen, Aru Yan, Longtao Jiang,
... greatly affect the accuracy of precision instruments. The alnico is a traditional permanent magnetic material with excellent ... key process that affects the microstructure of the alnico alloy. The alnico alloys with different α1 phase orientations and aspect ... magnetic viscosity coefficient decreases. The demagnetization process of alnico samples was characterized by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy ( ... phases. This structure results in better stability. The alnico alloy without a magnetic field during spinodal decomposition ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties and Applications
2023 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Sajjad Ur Rehman, Xiang Li, Qingfang Huang, Qingzheng Jiang, Jie Song, Rizwan Ur Rehman Sagar, Renhui Liu, Munan Yang, Shengcan Ma, Zhenchen Zhong,
... low Curie temperature and poor temperature stability. While Alnico alloys have high Curie temperature and high temperature ... magnets containing Nd-Fe-B hard phase and alnico semi-hard phase fabricated by melt-spinning technique. ... B (2:14:1) phase as core and Alnico rich phase as shell was obtained by optimizing ... increased to 654 K for Nd-Fe-B/Alnico from 581 K for pure Nd-Fe-B ... is attributed to the molecular field penetration of Alnico phase into the hard 2:14:1 phase, ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic properties of thin films
2020 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Baoshan Zhang, Gang Lü, Yong Feng, Jie Xiong, Huaixian Lu,
A novel application of Alnico powder as a thinner microwave absorbing material was investigated. The flake-like Alnico fine powder was found to have excellent complex ... GHz for composite with volume fraction 60% of Alnico powder and absorber thickness of 1.8 mm. The results show that flake-like Alnico powder composites can be applied as thinner microwave ...
Tópico(s): Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques
2005 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Fan Min, Y. Liu, Rajesh Jha, George S. Dulikravich, J. Schwartz, C.C. Koch,
Despite decades of research and development of Alnico alloys, significant uncertainties in the underlying structure-property relationships remain. Here, we report on the effects of Ti on the Alnico microstructure and nanostructure, and the corresponding influence on ... 1 phases between the α 2 phases. For Alnico containing Ti, a typical chessboardlike morphology with Cu- ... than Cu-rich bridges is observed. Furthermore, in Alnico containing Ti, an inhomogeneous distribution of Ni is ...
Tópico(s): Shape Memory Alloy Transformations
2016 - IEEE Magnetics Society | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Lin Zhou, Emma White, Liqin Ke, David A. Cullen, Ping Lu, S. Constantinides, R. W. McCallum, Iver E. Anderson, Matt Kramer,
• The high coercivity of alnico mostly comes from nanoscale-isolated α 1 (FeCo-rich) rods. • The grain boundary phases reverse magnetization direction at lower applied ... difference in magnetic properties . Magnetic property enhancement of alnico, a rare-earth free permanent magnet, is highly ... Phase and magnetic domain morphology in a commercial alnico 9 alloy was studied using a combination of ... are promising routes to improve energy product of alnico.
Tópico(s): Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
2018 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Sajjad Ur Rehman, Qingzheng Jiang, Lunke He, Houdong Xiong, Kai Liu, Lei Wang, Munan Yang, Zhenchen Zhong,
Elements of alnico 8 are added into Nd-Fe-B alloys fabricated by rapid solidification method. It is observed that the ... at high temperature improved by small addition of alnico elements. The Curie temperature of the alloys increased ... alloy to 639 K by 20% addition of alnico 8 elements. The spin reorientation temperature decreased from ... K. The TEM analysis showed that elements of alnico 8 refine the microstructure of Nd-Fe-B ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic properties of thin films
2019 - Elsevier BV | Physics Letters A
Manh Cuong Nguyen, Lin Zhou, Wei Tang, M. J. Kramer, Iver E. Anderson, Cai‐Zhuang Wang, Kai-Ming Ho,
Alnico alloy is a very promising candidate for rare-earth-free, high-performance permanent magnets, especially for ... is stymied by a lack of knowledge of alnico's nanoscale structure. Using advanced simulation methods, this ... and ordering of magnetic and matrix phases of alnico on annealing temperature. A surprising phase forms when ... low temperatures, offering a possible route to improving alnico's performance.
Tópico(s): Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials
2017 - American Physical Society | Physical Review Applied
Ganesh Vijayakumar, B.K. Nashine, K.K. Rajan, P. Kalyanasundaram,
Permanent Magnet Flow Meter (PMFM) made with ALNICO-5 magnet is presently used for measuring flow in sodium circuits. These flowmeters are heavy, bulky and occupies more space in the plant ... is having higher coercivity and energy product than ALNICO-5. A PMFM suitable for 20 NB pipe ... was 60% higher than the flux density of ALNICO-5 assembly of nearly same size. The 20 ... 2.1 mV/m3/h as that of ALNICO-5 PMFM. Two SmCo magnet assemblies from the ... of flow meters will be compact compared to ALNICO-5 flowmeters if designed for same sensitivity and ...
Tópico(s): Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems
2011 - Elsevier BV | Energy Procedia
Yueqing Liu, Jiangtao Zhao, Zhihe Zhao, Lei Liu, Min Huang, Bo Zhou, Yong Ding, Yingli Sun, Aru Yan,
Alnico permanent alloys are still irreplaceable and show great potential in high temperature applications considering their excellent thermal stability, while the market for Alnico alloys is limited by their low coercivity. Rare- ... has been shown to increase the coercivity of Alnico alloys. In this work, the effects of Dy- ... microstructure, spinodal decomposition phases and magnetic characteristics of Alnico alloys were systematically investigated. The results indicate that ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic properties of thin films
2023 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Alloys and Compounds
K. J. Kronenberg, M. A. Bohlmann,
Alnico and barium ferrite materials do not age at room temperature. The decreases in remanence, occurring with ... remance. Remanences can be stabilized completely by preadjustment. Alnico V magnets are more stable than similar Alnico III magnets, even when the Alnico V magnets operate at a higher susceptibility. Néel' ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties of Alloys
1960 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
... polishing, and etching it is possible to render Alnico V thin enough for transmission electron metallography. 80-kv electrons penetrated Alnico V metal confirming the two-phase structure found earlier with replica techniques. Transmission diffraction on Alnico V samples reveal the crystal structures of both ... of the other was studied on samples from Alnico V at various states of the usual heat ...
Tópico(s): Advancements in Photolithography Techniques
1960 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
P. Pashkov, A. Ya. Fridman, E. Granovsky,
The solid solution decomposition of Alnico 5 and Alnico 8 is studied by means of electron microscopy and X-rays. The following sequence of the decomposition process is found: Alnico 5: spherical zones-periodic modulated structure-rod-shaped particles of metastable tetragonal phases-final cubic phases; Alnico 8: the same sequence, but due to great ...
Tópico(s): Rare-earth and actinide compounds
1970 - IEEE Magnetics Society | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Thomas O. Paine, F. E. Luborsky,
The permanent magnet properties of Alnico alloys have been attributed to the shape anisotropy of an elongated single-domain magnetic precipitate oriented by cooling in a field. ... the magnetic properties of highly directional crystal-oriented Alnico 5 DG,Columax, and Ticonal XX which are ... energy product from 6 million gauss-oersteds for Alnico 5 DG and 8 million gauss-oersteds for ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic properties of thin films
1960 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
The formation of columnar crystals in the anisotropic Alnico alloys has been known to enhance the magnetic ... commercial production. Addition of silicon and sulphur to Alnico alloys helps to produce columnar crystals, but titanium ... of sulphur helps to promote columnar crystals in Alnico alloys containing titanium. The oxide and nitride in ... orientation of enlarged grains. The texture of rolled Alnico 8 alloy was found to contain three orientation ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties of Alloys
1965 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
E. Steinort, Edward R. Cronk, S. J. Garvin, H. Tiderman,
A brief review of the progress of the ``Alnico Art'' is given, tracing early attempts at increasing ... a temporary impasse in further improvement in polycrystalline Alnico magnets, except by an uneconomic fabrication from a ... oe energy product available from single crystals of Alnico is an obvious solution. Two known methods of ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties and Applications
1962 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
... repeatedly that the α+α′ duplex structure of Alnico alloys is a consequence of spinodal decomposition. Electron ... is the formation of an elongated precipitate in Alnico alloys by magnetic annealing. According to Cahn1 the ... have to be taken into account. Tempering of Alnico alloys after optimum cooling does not result in ...
Tópico(s): Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy Properties
1966 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
Yoshiro Iwama, Matsumi Inagaki, Toshinobu Miyamoto,
Alnico 8-type magnet alloys containing more than 5% Ti have been well-known to have very ... magnet characteristics were investigated in a series of Alnico 8-type alloys with various titanium contents. The ... in these alloys is similar to that in Alnico 5-type alloys containing no titanium.It was ...
Tópico(s): Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Alloys
1970 - Japan Institute of Metals and Materials | Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals