It has been shown that when narcotine is heated with an excess of concentrated hydrochloric or hydriodic acid, one, two, or three molecules of methyl are successively eliminated, and a series of new bases homologous with narcotine obtained. It appeared interesting to see if any similar reactions took place with morphia; and for this purpose a quantity of that base, in a perfectly pure state, kindly furnished by Messrs. M‘Farlane, of Edinburgh, was submitted to experiment. The purity of the substance ...
Tópico(s): Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry
1869 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, August Christoph Carl Vogt,
The influence of temperature on the electric conducting-power of the pure metals in a solid state has been proved to be very great*, and as very little is as yet known with regard to the influence of temperature on the electric conducting-power of alloys, we undertook this research in order, if possible, to discover the law which regulates this property. For the sake of clearness, we have thought it advisable to divide this subject into four parts, and they will be treated of in the following order:— ...
Tópico(s): Surface and Thin Film Phenomena
1864 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
Requiring for my research on thermo-electricity a great many metals, which were for he most part chemically pure, I thought it would be interesting to determine at the same time their electric conducting power. The method used for those determinations was the same as that described in the Philosophical Magazine (February 1857), and the experiments were made in the Heidelberg Physical Laboratory under the direction of Professor Kirchhoff. The values given in the following series are the results obtained ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
1858 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
This article describes the achievements of Augustus Matthiessen in the scientific context of events in the 19th century, especially in the specific area of electric technology.
Tópico(s): Electrical and Electromagnetic Research
2015 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | Proceedings of the IEEE
Augustus Matthiessen, Mallika Bose,
The results obtained by different observers in their researches on the influence of temperature on the electric conducting power of metals do not agree at all together. The differences in their results may be partly owing to their not having tested pure metals, and partly to their not having taken into consideration the fact that, when a wire of a pure metal is heated for the first time to 100°C., an alteration in the conducting power of the wire is observed on its again being cooled; in fact, it ...
Tópico(s): Magnetic Properties and Applications
1862 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, M. Holzmann,
As the electric conducting power of copper varies so much according to different experimenters, we thought it would be of some interest to study the causes of these differences; and on comparing the values found for copper, we find that, taking silver = 100, copper conducts according to Becquerel* Riess† Lenz‡ Davy§ Christie§ Harris§ Buff|| Pouillet¶ Arndtsen** 95⋅3 67⋅2 73⋅4 91⋅2 66⋅0 100⋅0 95⋅4 73⋅0 98⋅7 The temperatures at which the above observations were made are only given in the cases of Becquerel, ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Physical and Chemical Molecular Interactions
1860 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
... org/10.1109/JPROC.2015.2503461Simon Reif-Acherman Augustus Matthiessen: His Studies on Electrical Conductivities and the Origins ...
Tópico(s): Australian Indigenous Culture and History
1994 - University of Chicago Press | Osiris
Augustus Matthiessen, Christoph Vogt,
It has been shown that the conducting-power of several of the pure metals decreased between 0° and 100° to the same extent, namely 29⋅307 per cent. On continuing the research with other metals and alloys, we have found that thallium and iron form an exception to the above; and in the following we will describe the experiments made with these metals. The thallium was kindly lent to us by Mr. Crookes, the discoverer of this new metal, who with great readiness placed a small quantity of it at our disposal.
Tópico(s): Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts
1863 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, George Carey Foster,
A. Matthiessen and G. C. Foster, J. Chem. Soc., 1863, 16, 342 DOI: 10.1039/JS8631600342
Tópico(s): Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
1863 - Chemical Society | Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed)
THE sad death of Dr.Augustus Matthiessen, which we briefly referred to in a. previous number, has bereft English chemical and physical science of one of the most ...
Tópico(s): Various Chemistry Research Topics
1870 - Nature Portfolio | Nature
... IndustryVolume 50, Issue 2 p. 25-26 Article Augustus matthiessen First published: 9 January 1931 https://doi.org/ ...
1931 - Wiley | Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry
The British scientist Augustus Matthiessen (1831–1870) is widely known for his investigations on the influence of temperature on the electric conductivity of metals ...
Tópico(s): History and advancements in chemistry
2014 - American Chemical Society | Journal of Chemical Education
Tópico(s): Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, and Hegel
1870 - BMJ | BMJ
... On the action of hydrochloric acid on codeia. Augustus Matthiessen Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search for more papers by this author Augustus Matthiessen Google Scholar Find this author on PubMed Search ...
Tópico(s): Plant-based Medicinal Research
1870 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
... A Royal Medal has been awarded to Dr. Augustus Matthiessen, F.R.S., for his researches on the ... Jeffreys; John Marshall, F.R.C.S. Eng.; Augustus Matthiessen, Ph.D.; Captain Henry Richards, R.N.; the ...
Tópico(s): Australian History and Society
1869 - Nature Portfolio | Nature
Being enabled by the method described in the Philosophical Magazine (February 1857) to obtain wires of the metals of the alkalies and alkaline earths, I have determined their places, together with most of those of the other metals and some alloys, in the thermo-electric series. The alloys which were experimented with, are those described by Rollman as giving with other metals stronger thermo-electric currents than those of bismuth or antimony under the same circumstances. If A, B, C are different ...
Tópico(s): History and advancements in chemistry
1858 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
The following values for the conducting power of the metals were determined in the Physical Laboratory at Heidelberg, under the direction of Professor Kirchhoff, by the same method as is described in the ‘Philosophical Magazine,’ Feb. 1857.
Tópico(s): History and advancements in chemistry
1859 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, W. Burnside,
On endeavouring to prepare apomorphia by a cheap method, Mr. Mayer and one of us heated morphia with chloride of zinc, to see whether the elements of water could not be abstracted by this reagent (the results of this reaction have not yet been published). Apomorphia having been obtained in this manner, it seemed possible that apocodeia, that is codeia minus the elements of water, might be prepared by a similar reaction. On trying the experiment a new base was obtained, which proved on analysis to ...
Tópico(s): Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
1871 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, Charles Romley Alder Wright,
In Part II. (Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 460) it was shown that when codeia is heated with excess of hydrochloric acid under pressure that it splits up into chloride of methyl, water, and apomorphia, thus- C 18 H 21 NO 3 + HCl = CH 3 Cl + H 2 O + C 17 H 17 NO 2 . At the time it appeared probable that one of the two following reactions would first take place> forming an intermediate product:— I. C 18 H 21 NO 3 + HCl = CH 3 Cl + C 17 H 19 NO 3 .
Tópico(s): Chemical synthesis and alkaloids
1870 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, George Carey Foster, Augustus Matthiessen, George Carey Foster,
An abstract of a considerable portion of this paper has already appeared in the form of a preliminary notice of the first results obtained. The most important additional facts now communicated are the following :-
Tópico(s): Chemical Reaction Mechanisms
1863 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Before commencing a research into the expansion of the metals and their alloys, it was necessary to prove that the method I intended to employ', namely that of weighing the metal or alloy in water at different temperatures, would yield good and reliable results.
1865 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, George Carey Foster,
About four years ago we had the honour of communicating to the Royal Society a paper entitled “Researches into the Chemical Constitution of Narcotine, and of its Products of Decomposition”*, and we now desire to lay before the Society some results obtained in the further prosecution of the same inquiry. We are fully aware that our present communication is in many respects very incomplete, but as we have no prospect of being able to resume the investigation conjointly, we venture to present the results ...
Tópico(s): Plant-based Medicinal Research
1867 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
In a paper “ On the Expansion by Heat of Water and Mercury” *, a method of determining the expansion of bodies is described, by which good results can be obtained with comparatively small quantities of the substances to be experimented with. This method, that of weighing the body in water at different temperatures, has been employed for the present research. The results obtained are given in the following Tables:— From the above the following conclusion is drawn-namely, that just as it may be said that ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
1867 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
In the Proceedings of the Royal Society (vol. ix. p. 118), I stated that by the action of nitrous acid on aniline I had obtained ammonia and nitrophenasic acid; since then I have acted on several other of the organic bases with the same reagent, as well as with nitric acid, and with binoxide of manganese and sulphuric acid; and I will now shortly enumerate the experiments. 1. Action of Nitrous Acid on Amylaniline. The dilute solution of the nitrate of amylaniline was acted on by nitrous acid at 100° ...
Tópico(s): Boron Compounds in Chemistry
1859 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
On repeating the experiments of Hunt and Hofmann, on the action of nitrous acid on aniline, I found that the reaction does not take place exactly as these chemists state; Hunt gives the reaction as C 12 H 5 H H }N+NO 3 +HO = C 12 H 6 O 2 + N 2 + 2HO. Hofmann says that phenylic alcohol is not formed, but nitrophe-nassic acid, when binoxide of nitrogen is led into a diluted solution of the nitrate: C 12 H 5 H H } N + NO 3 + NO 5 = C 12 {H 5 NO 4 } O 2 + N 2 + 2HO.
Tópico(s): Various Chemistry Research Topics
1859 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, George Carey Foster,
The announcement made by Wertheim and Hinterberger of the probable existence of various kinds of narcotine, rendered it necessary to commence the present investigation by a series of analyses of our material, in order to ascertain which variety of narcotine we were dealing with. The narcotine employed was obtained from Mr. Morson, to whom we are greatly indebted for the scrupulous care bestowed on its preparation and purification. He stated that it was extracted from the residues which had accumulated ...
Tópico(s): History and advancements in chemistry
1862 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
The difference in the numerical results obtained by Prof. W. Thomson (Proceedings of Roy. Soc. 1859, x. p. 300), and those by Dr. Holzmann and myself (Phil. Trans. 1860), on the conducting power of copper and its alloys, made it somewhat necessary to reinvestigate the subject, in order to ascertain the cause of these differences. For this purpose Professor Thomson kindly placed at my disposal all his alloys; and in the following Table I will give the results of the analyses and redeterminations of ...
Tópico(s): Power Transformer Diagnostics and Insulation
1862 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, George Carey Foster,
The existence of Narcotine was indicated by Derosne as early as the year 1803, but its chemical nature remained almost entirely unknown until Robiquet, in 1817, showed that it belonged to the class of vegetable alkaloids. Numerous analyses of narcotine were subsequently published by Dumas and Pelletier, Pelletier, Liebig, Regnault, and others; but its composition was first determined to the general satisfaction of chemists by Blyth, who, in 1844, proposed the formula C 46 H 25 NO 14 , supporting ...
Tópico(s): Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
1863 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, August Christoph Carl Vogt,
Thallium .—The experiments detailed in this paper were made with specimens of thallium lent to us by Mr. Crookes and Professor Lamy of Lille. The values obtained for the conducting power, together with the formulae for the correction of the conducting power for temperature of the different specimens, were:— For Mr. Crookes’s metal, or as mean of all the determinations, some of which are not given here, λ = 9.163 — 0.036894 t + 0.00008104 t 2 .
Tópico(s): Nuclear Physics and Applications
1863 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
Augustus Matthiessen, M. Holzmann,
After studying the effect of suboxide of copper, phosphorus, arsenic, sulphur, carbon, tin, zinc, iron, lead, silver, gold, &c., on the conducting power of pure copper, we have come to the conclusion that there is no alloy of copper which conducts electricity better than the pure metal .
Tópico(s): Material Properties and Failure Mechanisms
1860 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London