Paul W. Douglas, Max Beloff, John Slessor, Douglas Sisson, Rodney F. Hall,
... Money, Please British Standards Institution Forecasting Workers Labour BHT Spells Out Food Regulations Shorter Note Luncheon Vouchers ...
1963 - Gale Group | The Economist
Suyi Dai, Chang Yu, Min Liang, Haijun Cheng, Weiguang Li, Fang Lai, Li Ma, Xiongmin Liu,
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is an excellent antioxidant widely used in food, polymer materials, and other fields. In order to understand the hazards of BHT, it is necessary to study its thermal stability, oxidation properties, and reaction products. This paper investigated BHT's oxidation characteristics and products using a mini- ... MCPVT results showed that no chemical reaction of BHT was observed under a nitrogen atmosphere even when ... K, which indicated that it was stable. However, BHT was readily oxidized under an oxygen atmosphere with ...
Tópico(s): Polymer Science and PVC
2023 - Elsevier BV | Arabian Journal of Chemistry
Yongxiu Hao, Yuanyuan Wang, Liying Yan, Xiaofei Xu, Da Chen, Yue Zhao, Jie Qiao,
... butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and five BHT metabolites [3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzylalcohol (BHT-OH), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (BHT-CHO), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (BHT-COOH), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (BHT-Q), and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one (BHT-quinol)]. Information about serum basal concentrations of follicle- ... collected. Results: The measured frequencies of BHA, TBHQ, BHT, BHT-OH, BHT-CHO, BHT-COOH, BHT-Q, ...
Tópico(s): Reproductive Biology and Fertility
2023 - National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences | Environmental Health Perspectives
Zoë Rebecca van Kemenade, Laura Villanueva, Ellen C. Hopmans, Peter Kraal, Harry J. Witte, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, Darci Rush,
... Ca. Scalindua, uniquely synthesize a stereoisomer of bacteriohopanetetrol (“BHT-x”). The ratio of BHT-x over total bacteriohopanetetrol (BHT, ubiquitously synthesized by diverse bacteria) has been suggested as a proxy for water column anoxia. As BHT has been found in sediments over 50 Myr old, BHT-x has the potential to complement and extend ... Yet, little is known about the distribution of BHT-x in relation to the distribution of ladderanes ... marine systems. Here, we investigate the distribution of BHT-x and the application of the BHT-x ...
Tópico(s): Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
2022 - Copernicus Publications | Biogeosciences
Paul G. Spry, Graham S. Teale,
Broken Hill Hill-type Pb-Zn-Ag (BHT) deposits constitute some of the largest and highest grade ore deposits in the world. The Broken Hill deposit, Australia, is the largest accumulation ... among the largest silver deposits. Characteristic features of BHT deposits include: 1. High Pb + Zn + Ag values; ... around zero per mil. Previous classification schemes of BHT deposits have included deposits that are hosted in ... have previously been proposed in the literature as BHT deposits but of the larger deposits (i.e., ~ ...
Tópico(s): earthquake and tectonic studies
2021 - Elsevier BV | Ore Geology Reviews
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Jerry Collince Achar, Gwiwoong Nam, Jinho Jung, Harald Klammler, Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed,
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is recognized as a crucial pollutant in aquatic environments, but efforts to achieve its complete removal are without ... study was to investigate the degradation efficiency of BHT in water using ozone microbubbles (OMB), coupled with toxicity change assessment at sub-lethal BHT concentrations (0.34, 0.45 and 0.90 ... of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the degradation of BHT was determined using p-chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA) probe ... to conventional ozone techniques, while indirect reaction of BHT with ·OH was dominant (82%) over the direct ...
Tópico(s): Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
2020 - Elsevier BV | Environmental Research
Yamama Z. Alabdaly, Entisar Kh. Al-Hamdany, Entisar R. Abed,
... in rats of heated and un heatedbutylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Sunflower oil dissolved BHT, heated at 98±2ºC by a water bath. ... the first group treated with 250 mg/kg BHT, the second group treated with 250 mg/kg heated, BHT the third group treated with 500 mg/kg BHT and the fourth group treated with 500 mg/kg heated BHT. All groups received oral treatment. The results showed ... at a dose of 250 mg/kg heated BHT. There was a substantial distinction in the negative ... of 500 mg/kg heated and un-heated BHT, while a cliff avoidance test in the heat ...
Tópico(s): Hydrogen's biological and therapeutic effects
2020 - University of Mosul, College of Veterinary Medicine | Al-mağallaẗ al-ʻirāqiyyaẗ li-l-ʻulūm al-bayṭariyyaẗ/Iraqi journal of veterinary sciences
Ruirui Zhang, Juying Li, Xinyi Cui,
... phenolic antioxidant, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-hydroxytoluene (BHT) has been widely adopted in food and other ... its toxic effects. Understanding bioaccumulation and metabolism of BHT is crucial to evaluate its environmental fate and ... study, the tissue distribution, excretion, and metabolism of BHT in mice were investigated. It was shown that BHT was prone to be accumulated in metabolism-related ... butyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadione (BHT-quinol) was preferentially accumulated in liver, while 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (BHT-COOH) was the major metabolite in excreta. The ...
Tópico(s): Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
2020 - Elsevier BV | The Science of The Total Environment
Rachel Schwartz‐Narbonne, Philippe Schaeffer, Ellen C. Hopmans, Margot Schenesse, Alex Charlton, D. M. Jones, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, Muhammad Farhan Ul Haque, Mike S. M. Jetten, Sabine K. Lengger, J. Colin Murrell, Philippe Normand, Guylaine H. L. Nuijten, Helen M. Talbot, Darci Rush,
... nitrogen removal from marine systems. Previously, a bacteriohopanetetrol (BHT) isomer, with unknown stereochemistry, eluting later than BHT when examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ... marine paleo-environments. However, the utility of this BHT isomer as an anammox biomarker is hindered by ... are also known to produce a late-eluting BHT stereoisomer. The stereochemistry in Acetobacter pasteurianus, Komagataeibacter xylinus ... be 17β, 21β(H), 22R, 32R, 33R, 34R (BHT-34R). The stereochemistry of the late-eluting BHT ...
Tópico(s): Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
2020 - Elsevier BV | Organic Geochemistry
Ping Yang, Yingpeng Li, Shaowa Lü, Yali Sun, Wanmeng Zhang, Jialin Wu, Ting Liu, LI Yong-ji,
Bai-Hu-Tang (BHT), a Chinese herbal decoction used as an antipyretic agent, results from the combination of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, Glycyrrhizae, Japonica ... In our previous study, we identified nanoaggregates in BHT. However, the present study aimed to analyze and ... formation and to investigate its antipyretic effect. A BHT decoction extract was split into 15 groups, and ... of Radix Glycyrrhizae. The TEM analysis of the BHT separated extracts revealed that only in the presence ... formed. Sixteen common peaks were identified in the BHT fingerprint chromatogram, and the main chemical components were ...
Tópico(s): Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
2020 - Elsevier BV | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
Marcella Frauscher, Adam Agocs, Charlotte Besser, Alexandra Rögner, Günter Allmaier, Nicole Dörr,
Phenol-type components, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), are used as antioxidants (AOs) to enhance the thermo-oxidative stability of kerosene-type Jet A-1 fuel. Although the antioxidative effect of BHT is well known and often published, there is far less information about the degradation products of BHT in fuels and their impact on stability toward ... order to monitor a time-resolved depletion of BHT in model kerosene, an artificial alteration method adapted ... Subsequently, the molecular structure of degradation products of BHT was identified by gas chromatography with electron impact ...
Tópico(s): Biodiesel Production and Applications
2020 - American Chemical Society | Energy & Fuels
Yeon Kyung Nam, Seong Chul Jin, Mi Hye Kim, La Yoon Choi, Yong‐Bok Lee, Woong Mo Yang,
... to development of respiratory disease. Banhahubak-tang tablet (BHT), a standardized Korean Medicine, is prescribed for neurasthenia, ... In this study, we investigated therapeutic effects of BHT on airway inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA) and PM ... challenged with OVA and PM10, and orally administered BHT. Histological staining was performed to assess airway remodeling. ... and in vitro models. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that BHT suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus hypersecretion and collagen ...
Tópico(s): Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
2020 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Molecules
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Alexander Hammond, Craig Perrin, James Steele, Jürgen Gießing, Paulo Gentil, James Fisher,
... barbell back squat (BBS) and barbell hip thrust (BHT) are perceived to provide a training stimulus to ... extension strength as a result of BBS or BHT resistance training (RT) interventions.To consider the effects of BBS and BHT RT programmes upon isolated lumbar extension (ILEX) strength. ... randomised in to either BBS (n = 7) or BHT (n = 7) groups and performed two training sessions ... tested pre- and post-intervention for BBS and BHT 1RM as well as isometric ILEX strength.Analyses revealed that both BBS and BHT groups significantly improved both their BBS and BHT ...
Tópico(s): Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
2019 - PeerJ, Inc. | PeerJ
Jiyeon Ham, Whasun Lim, Kwang‐Youn Whang, Gwonhwa Song,
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a synthetic phenolic antioxidant that has been used as an additive for fat- or oil-containing foods. ... of the chemical. Further, estimated total amount of BHT could exceed standard regulation, considering dietary intake or another exposure. Although BHT may induce side effects in reproductive systems, adequate ... In this study, we investigated the effects of BHT on mouse Leydig cells (TM3), which are components of testis. Our results indicated that BHT suppressed cellular proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest ...
Tópico(s): Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
2019 - Elsevier BV | Environmental Pollution
Francesco Zaccaria, Cristiano Zuccaccia, Roberta Cipullo, Peter H. M. Budzelaar, Alceo Macchioni, Vincenzo Busico, Christian Ehm,
The MAO/BHT (MAO = methylaluminoxane; BHT = 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) cocatalyst for olefin polymerization has been investigated by NMR spectroscopy. It has been found that it consists of oligomeric [AlOMe0.9(bht)0.1]n cages and monomeric MeAl(bht)2 (bht = deprotonated BHT). Diffusion NMR indicates an average n for Al ... conditions (n ≈ 26–41). The reactivity of MAO/BHT has been explored by monitoring the activation of ... forming outer sphere ion pairs (OSIPs) with MAO/BHT-derived anions are dominant at low Al/Ti ...
Tópico(s): Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
2019 - American Chemical Society | ACS Catalysis
Xuefang Liang, Yaqian Zhao, Wang Liu, Zhitong Li, Christopher L. Souders, Christopher J. Martyniuk,
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is one of the most frequently used synthetic phenolic antioxidants added to food and consumer products such as ... a preservative. Due to its high production volume, BHT has been detected in aquatic environments, raising concerns ... toxicity. However, there are limited toxicological data for BHT, especially in fish. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to BHT at concentrations ranging 0.01–100 μM for ... Acute toxicity was assessed, and experiments revealed that BHT had a 96 h LC50 value of 57. ...
Tópico(s): Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
2019 - Elsevier BV | Environmental Pollution
Mohd Hafiz Ahmad, Noorsaadah Abd Rahman, Farkaad A. Kadir, Lina A. Al-Ani, Najihah M. Hashim, Wageeh A. Yehye,
... series of multipotent antioxidants (MPAOs), namely sulfur-containing BHT (S-BHT), derivatives were rationally designed and synthesized, and their ... showed that the Six out-of-eight S-BHT compounds had excellent antioxidant activity against DPPH radical with major enhancement compared to BHT. Among them, compounds 2b, 2a and 3b attained over 45% lower IC50 values than BHT. In vitro cytotoxicity, MTT assay was carried out ... values. The results indicated that the symmetric S-BHT derivatives were significantly enhanced by the antioxidant potency ...
Tópico(s): Synthesis and biological activity
2019 - Springer Science+Business Media | Journal of Chemical Sciences
Wei Wang, Kurunthachalam Kannan,
... 6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene (butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT), are used in a wide variety of consumer ... e.g. fats and oils) and cosmetics. Although BHT is considered generally safe as a food preservative ... used at approved concentrations, there is debate whether BHT exposure is linked to cancer, asthma, and behavioral ... Japan, and Saudi Arabia) and the United States. BHT was found in 88% of the urine samples ... of 1.26 and 15 ng/mL, respectively. BHT metabolites and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) were found in ...
Tópico(s): Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
2019 - Elsevier BV | Environment International
... only 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT, < method quantification limit (MQL)–827 900 ng/g, ... PCPs were separated into products labeled as containing BHT and those labeled as not containing BHT, the BHT-labeled PCPs (mean: 369 253 ng//g, median: ... 560 ng/g) contained significantly higher concentrations of BHT than the BHT-unlabeled PCPs (mean: 4960 ng/g, median: 199 ... p < 0.01). Five transformation products (TPs) of BHT were also detected in the PCPs at low ... use may be an important exposure pathway for BHT (mean: 565 879 ng/day median: 2988 ng/ ...
Tópico(s): Skin Protection and Aging
2019 - American Chemical Society | Environmental Science & Technology
Francesco Zaccaria, Cristiano Zuccaccia, Roberta Cipullo, Peter H. M. Budzelaar, Alceo Macchioni, Vincenzo Busico, Christian Ehm,
“Structural” AlMe 2 (bht) was found to be an integral building block of the “TMA‐free” olefin polymerization cocatalyst MAO/BHT (TMA = trimethylaluminum, MAO = methylaluminoxane, BHT = 2,6‐di‐ tert ‐butyl‐4‐methylphenol). NMR studies show that treatment of MAO/BHT with the neutral N‐donor pyridine ( py ) leads to selective generation of neutral AlMe 2 (bht)(py). The reaction of MAO/BHT with 2,2'‐bipyridine ( bipy ) generates cationic [AlMe(bht)(bipy)] + fragments (bht = BHT phenolate), analogously to what happens when unmodified ...
Tópico(s): Organoboron and organosilicon chemistry
2019 - Wiley | European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
Shaowa Lü, Hong Su, Shuang Sun, Yuyan Guo, Ting Liu, Ping Yang, Yongji Li,
... previous research on decoctions. A Bai-Hu-Tang (BHT) decoction is an ancient clinical dosage form in ... work was to isolate and characterize NAs from BHT and to investigate their antipyretic effect. A BHT decoction was prepared by the traditional method. The mechanism and active components of the aggregates in BHT were investigated by high-speed centrifugation, transmission electron ... fluorescence imaging. The majority of the NAs in BHT had diameters of 100 nm, and the spherical ... in the aggregates. In addition, the NAs in BHT had a better antipyretic effect than the other ...
Tópico(s): Flavonoids in Medical Research
2018 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a food additive with an antioxidant activity. BHT is a weak antioxidant in vegetable oils and is often added to meat fats. In addition, BHT is commonly used as a dog food additive. Toxicity of BHT has been reported under in vitro and in vivo experimental conditions. However, the mechanism of BHT-induced toxic effect in cells is unclear. In ... present study, we examined the toxic effect of BHT and the cellular parameters affected by BHT in rat thymocytes by performing flow cytometry analysis ...
Tópico(s): Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
2018 - Elsevier BV | Computational Toxicology
Toshihiko Nakamura, Hideomi Asanuma, Satoshi Kusuda, Ken Imai, Shigeharu Hosono, Ryota Kato, Satoshi Suzuki, Kyoko Yokoi, Minoru Kokubo, Shingo Yamada, Takashi Kamohara,
... treated with brain/body hypothermia (body hypothermia therapy: BHT ) for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy ( HIE ), to evaluate the ... We studied 15 neonates with HIE who underwent BHT ( BHT (+) group) and six neonates with HIE who did not ( BHT (–) group). We recorded HMGB ‐1 changes at 24 ... Baseline HMGB ‐1 was significantly higher in the BHT (+) group than in the BHT (–) group. Thereafter, HMGB ‐1 in the BHT (+) group significantly decreased at 24 h intervals, reaching ... range by 2 days of age. In the BHT (+) group, when patients were classified into clinically significant ...
Tópico(s): Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
2017 - Wiley | Pediatrics International
R. Madavan, Sujatha Balaraman, S. Saroja,
... butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) at various concentrations [4]. Generally, AOs are added ... T and CA) and synthetic AO (BHA and BHT) at various individual concentrations and different grouping concentrations. ... g of CA S20 MO + 1 g of BHT + 1 g of α -T S5 MO + 1 g of BHT S13 MO + 3 g of CA S21 MO + 1 g of BHT + 2 g of α -T S6 MO + 2 g of BHT S14 MO + 1 g of BHA + 1 g of α -T S22 MO + 2 g of BHT + 1 g of α -T S7 MO + 3 g of BHT S15 MO + 1 g of BHA + 2 g of α -T S23 MO + 1 g of BHT + 1 g of CA S8 MO + 1 g ... of α -T S24 MO + 1 g of BHT + 2 g of CA S25 MO + 2 g ...
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
2017 - Institution of Engineering and Technology | IET Generation Transmission & Distribution
Nesé Yuksel, Laetitia Treseng, Bushra Malik, Ubaka Ogbogu,
... claims made on websites offering bioidentical hormone therapy (BHT) products or services.A quantitative content analysis was completed on 100 websites promoting or offering BHT products or services. Websites were identified through Google ... from medical clinics (47%), and healthcare professionals offering BHT services included physicians (50%), pharmacists (19%), and naturopaths (16%). Majority of websites promoted BHT as custom-compounded formulations (62%), with only 27% indicating that BHT is also commercially available. Websites overall claimed that ...
Tópico(s): Health Literacy and Information Accessibility
2017 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society