Mark Q. Martindale, Andreas Hejnol,
... ancestor to the last common ancestor of the Bilateria (“Urbilaterian”) and present an integrative hypothesis about plausible ... ancestor to the last common ancestor of the Bilateria (“Urbilaterian”) and present an integrative hypothesis about plausible ... on a monophyletic group of triploblastic animals, the Bilateria: animals that possess an anterior-posterior axis and ... Y. A common plan for dorsoventral patterning in Bilateria.Nature. 1996; 380: 37-40Crossref PubMed Scopus (568) ... Y. A common plan for dorsoventral patterning in Bilateria.Nature. 1996; 380: 37-40Crossref PubMed Scopus (568) ...
Tópico(s): Marine and coastal plant biology
2009 - Elsevier BV | Developmental Cell
Casey W. Dunn, Sally P. Leys, Steven H. D. Haddock,
... Porifera (sponges), Ctenophora (comb jellies), Placozoa, Cnidaria, and Bilateria. The monophyly (see Glossary) of each of these ... historical focus on studying complex traits found in Bilateria is often misinterpreted as evidence that there are ... of five clades: Porifera, Ctenophora, Placozoa, Cnidaria, and Bilateria. To a first approximation, the study of zoology is the study of Bilateria. Humans and all the best-studied model animal ... Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, and others) are within Bilateria. All of the terrestrial animals, and most freshwater ...
Tópico(s): Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
2015 - Elsevier BV | Trends in Ecology & Evolution
... the origin of Cnidaria as well as of Bilateria (Planula-Theory). 10 The evolution of Bilateria from planula-like ancestors is most strikingly supported ... which are accepted as constituting the more conservative Bilateria. 11 Bottom-pelagic, lateral-symmetrical Archiplanulae gave rise ... l'origine des Cnidaria aussi bien que des Bilateria (Théorie de la Planula). 10 L'évolution des Bilateria á partir des ancêtres planuloides est appuyée de ... divers groupes des Spiralia, lesquels semblent représenter les Bilateria plus conservateurs. 11 Les Archiplanulae bentho-pélagique et ...
Tópico(s): Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
2009 - Wiley | Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research
Two different kinds of nephridia occur within the Bilateria, protonephridia closed up by a terminal cell and ... hypothesized that protonephridia are homologous organs throughout the Bilateria. They must have evolved once as one pair ... nephropore cell In the ground pattern of the Bilateria the cilium of the terminal cell has only ... times. The comparative analysis of nephridia in the Bilateria allows the following hyothesis: Pro tonephridia were evolved ... acoelomate organism in the stem fineage of the Bilateria. During the evolution of biphasic life cycles consisting ...
Tópico(s): Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
2009 - Wiley | Journal of Zoological Systematics & Evolutionary Research
Six alternative hypotheses for the phylogenetic origin of Bilateria are evaluated by using complete 18S rRNA gene ... is little support for three of these hypotheses. Bilateria is not likely to be the sister group ... Radiata or Ctenophora, nor is it likely that Bilateria gave rise to Cnidaria or Ctenophora. Instead, these ... that previously have been identified as synapomorphies of Bilateria and Ctenophora, e.g., mesoderm, more likely evolved ... is most strongly supported. This hypothesis states that Bilateria and Placozoa share a more recent common ancestor ...
Tópico(s): Marine and environmental studies
1998 - National Academy of Sciences | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Bernd Schierwater, Sergios‐Orestis Kolokotronis, Michael Eitel, Rob DeSalle,
... evolution of a nervous system in Coelenterata and Bilateria-seems highly unlikely to many. However, to a ... 4 The controversial hypothesis that the Diploblasta and Bilateria are sister taxa is, therefore, tantamount to reconciling ... evolution of the nervous system in Coelenterata and Bilateria. In this addendum to Schierwater et al.1 ... of the proposed sister relationship of Diploblasta and Bilateria and second we discuss the implications for the ...
Tópico(s): Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
2009 - Taylor & Francis | Communicative & Integrative Biology
Adina Mwinyi, Xavier Bailly, Sarah J. Bourlat, Ulf Jondelius, D. Timothy J. Littlewood, Lars Podsiadłowski,
... reflect those of the last common ancestor of Bilateria, and resulted in several evo-devo studies trying ... Nemertodermatida as the sister group to all other Bilateria. Our data provided no support for a sister ... nemertodermatids are the earliest divergent extant lineage of Bilateria. As such they remain a valid source for ... characters present in the last common ancestor of Bilateria. Gene order of mitochondrial genomes seems to be ... interpret mitochondrial genome evolution at the base of Bilateria.
Tópico(s): Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
2010 - Springer Science+Business Media | BMC Evolutionary Biology
... sagittal plane primitive for the bilaterally symmetrical metazoans (Bilateria). The earliest metazoans, when symmetrical at all, were ... when present, opened either upward or downward. The Bilateria evolved from the primitive metazoan condition by acquiring ... protonephridia. Perhaps in the stem lineage of the Bilateria a hydroid-like or medusoid-like ancestor fell ... substrate (pleurothetism). If so, the anteroposterior axis of Bilateria would be homologous with the vertical axis of ... the Hemichordata, Echinodermata and Chordata) evolved within the Bilateria by producing the mouth as a secondary perforation. ...
Tópico(s): Ichthyology and Marine Biology
2007 - Wiley | Novartis Foundation symposium
A new hypothesis for the evolution of Bilateria is presented. It is based on a reinterpretation of the morphological characters shared by protostomes and deuterostomes, which, when taken together with developmental ... inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of Bilateria was complex. It possessed a head, a segmented ... transitions included the origins of Metazoa, Eumetazoa, and Bilateria and involved the successive development of poriferan, cnidarian, ... modularized body plan of the triploblastic ancestor of Bilateria. Thus, one can explore the possibility that problematica ...
Tópico(s): Marine Sponges and Natural Products
2000 - Wiley | Journal of Morphology
Frank Hauser, Thomas Lund Koch, Cornelis J.P. Grimmelikhuijzen,
Bilateria have bilateral symmetry and are subdivided into Deuterostomia (animals like vertebrates) and Protostomia (animals like insects ... branching phyla that diverged before the emergence of Bilateria: Cnidaria (animals like corals and sea anemones), and ... however, are not closely related to those from Bilateria. In addition, cnidarian neuropeptides and their receptors are ... that the divergence times between Cnidaria, Placozoa, and Bilateria might be too long for recognizing sequence identities. ...
Tópico(s): Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
2022 - Frontiers Media | Frontiers in Endocrinology
Nicolas Lartillot, Olivier Lespinet, Michel Vervoort, André Adoutte,
... expression pattern with what is known in other Bilateria, we advocate that Brachyury might have a conserved ... in the regulation of anterior-posterior patterning among Bilateria, through the maintenance of a posterior growth zone, ... of axis formation might be ancestral to the Bilateria.
Tópico(s): Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
2002 - The Company of Biologists | Development
... bilateral anatomies of many cnidarians and of the Bilateria are homologous are clearly not supported. The Hox- ... operating along the antero-posterior axis of the Bilateria does not seem to predate their divergence with ... certainement convergents par rapport à la bilatéralité des Bilateria. Le système de régionalisation antéro-postérieure par les Hox qui caractérise les Bilateria ne semble pas être antérieur à leur divergence ...
Tópico(s): Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
2008 - Elsevier BV | Comptes Rendus Biologies
... Drosophila provide only a small sample of segmented bilateria (red taxa in Figure 2) and the mechanisms ... point about the evolution of segmentation within the bilateria as a whole? Some older phylogenies suggested that ... members of two very distantly related groups of bilateria (Figure 2). The Lophotrochazoa includes phyla with spiral ... or pseudocoelomic body cavities typical of most other bilateria. In contrast, an ursegmentarian would have to have ... bar, as any mechanism ancestral to all the bilateria might have been lost or radically altered in ...
Tópico(s): Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
2008 - Elsevier BV | Current Biology
Eduardo Moreno, Katrien De Mulder, Willi Salvenmoser, Peter Ladurner, Pedro Martı́nez,
... flatworms as the sister‐group to the remaining Bilateria, a position that should prove very valuable when ... the bilaterian body plan. A major feature characterizing Bilateria is the presence of two, orthogonal, body axis. ... evidence for a “Hox vectorial system” working in Bilateria. However, this proposition is not based in the ...
Tópico(s): Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
2010 - Wiley | Evolution & Development
Alexandru S. Denes, Gáspár Jékely, Patrick R. H. Steinmetz, Florian Raible, Heidi Snyman, Benjamin Prud’homme, David Ferrier, Guillaume Balavoine, Detlev Arendt,
... in the annelid Platynereis dumerilii. Annelids belong to Bilateria, an evolutionary lineage of bilateral animals that also ... valuable information about the common ancestor of all Bilateria. We find that the Platynereis neuroectoderm is subdivided ... a common origin of nervous system centralization in Bilateria.
Tópico(s): Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
2007 - Cell Press | Cell
Johannes Achatz, Marta Chiodin, Willi Salvenmoser, Seth Tyler, Pedro Martı́nez,
... pivotal in discussions of the origin of the Bilateria. Initially thought primitive because of their "planula-like" ... all other phyla at the base of the Bilateria, they became the focus of renewed debate and ... are a "basal" but "divergent" branch of the Bilateria.
Tópico(s): Cephalopods and Marine Biology
2012 - Springer Science+Business Media | Organisms Diversity & Evolution
John R. Finnerty, Kevin Pang, Pat Burton, Dave Paulson, Mark Q. Martindale,
... modern animals are members of the evolutionary lineage Bilateria. The evolutionary success of Bilateria is credited partly to the origin of bilateral ... of the phylum Cnidaria are not within the Bilateria, some representatives, such as the sea anemone Nematostella ... arose before the evolutionary split of Cnidaria and Bilateria.
Tópico(s): Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
2004 - American Association for the Advancement of Science | Science
Andreas Wållberg, Mikael Thollesson, James S. Farris, Ulf Jondelius,
... evolution, having led to the impressive radiation of Bilateria. However, the sister group of Bilateria has remained obscure. Cladistic analyses of morphology indicate that Ctenophora is the sister group of Bilateria. Previous analyses of SSU rRNA sequences have yielded ... studies Ctenophora forms the sister group of Cnidaria + Bilateria, but in others the ctenophores group with poriferans. ...
Tópico(s): Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
2004 - Wiley | Cladistics
A new hypothesis for the evolution of Bilateria is presented. It is based on a reinterpretation of the morphological characters shared by protostomes and deuterostomes, which, when taken together with developmental ... inescapable conclusion that the last common ancestor of Bilateria was complex. It possessed a head, a segmented ... transitions included the origins of Metazoa, Eumetazoa, and Bilateria and involved the successive development of poriferan, cnidarian, ... modularized body plan of the triploblastic ancestor of Bilateria. Thus, one can explore the possibility that problematica ...
Tópico(s): Marine Sponges and Natural Products
2000 - Wiley | Journal of Morphology
The phylogeny of the Bilateria and especially the early steps in the evolution of the bilaterian bauplan are still a controversial topic. In this context ... probably the sister group of all other analyzed Bilateria, the Eubilateria, which are characterized by a one- ... radiation during the Cambrian but rather that the Bilateria have a several hundred million years long Precambrian ...
Tópico(s): Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
2000 - Oxford University Press | Systematic Biology
John Buckland‐Nicks, Amélie H. Scheltema,
... Amelie 1995Was internal fertilization an innovation of early Bilateria? Evidence from sperm structure of a molluscProc. R. ... 0110SectionRestricted accessArticleWas internal fertilization an innovation of early Bilateria? Evidence from sperm structure of a mollusc J. ... but contradicts the widely accepted theory that early Bilateria were free-spawning, triploblastic organisms with planktotrophic larvae. ...
Tópico(s): Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
1995 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
... the Cnidaria display many characteristics similar to the Bilateria (the higher Metazoa). However, the relation of that outgroup phyla to the Bilateria is still equivocal. Additionally to morphological and genetic ... cnidarian embryogenesis are essential to clarify the Cnidaria‐Bilateria relationship. We analyzed cellular differentiation during planula larvae ...
Tópico(s): Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
2001 - Wiley | genesis
... ectodermal cell layer. As the outgroup to all Bilateria, cnidarians are an interesting group to investigate ancestral ... mechanisms. Interestingly, all known gastrulation mechanisms known in Bilateria are already found in different species of Cnidaria. ... in germ layer specification and morphogenetic processes in Bilateria are also found active during gastrulation of Nematostella ... displays many features of the mesodermal layer in Bilateria, while the pharyngeal ectoderm has an endodermal expression ...
Tópico(s): Marine Toxins and Detection Methods
2020 - Elsevier BV | Mechanisms of Development
... now allowed us to study whether the ancient bilateria already contained MXEs, how MXE complexity subsequently evolved, ... motor domain coding regions are conserved in all bilateria analysed. The last common ancestor of the bilateria already contained a cluster of MXEs coding for ... robusta and the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Several bilateria have been found to encode multiple Mhc genes ...
Tópico(s): RNA Research and Splicing
2014 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
... in frequency of ordinal origination among serially constructed Bilateria, such as arthropods, than in nonserially constructed Bilateria. Greater decline in arthropod ordinal origination is not ...
Tópico(s): Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
1990 - National Academy of Sciences | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Jon Mallatt, Catherine Waggoner Craig, Matthew Yoder,
... a tree that supported Ecdysozoa, Lophotrochozoa, Protostomia, and Bilateria. Deuterostomia, however, was never recovered, because the rRNA ... urochordates goes (nonsignificantly) near the base of the Bilateria. Counterintuitively, when we modeled the evolution of the ... location of these worms at the base of Bilateria in the rRNA tree—especially myzostomids, which other ...
Tópico(s): Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
2009 - Elsevier BV | Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Jaume Baguñà, Pedro Martı́nez, Jordi Paps, Marta Riutort,
... as the earliest branching extant members of the Bilateria. Moreover, some acoelomate and pseudocoelomate clades appear as ... planuloid animal. A new systematic scheme for the Bilateria that includes the Cnidaria is suggested and its ...
Tópico(s): Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
2008 - Royal Society | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
Nathaniel Evans, Mark T. Holder, Marcos S. Barbeitos, Beth Okamura, Josephine A. Wright,
... data, place Myxozoa as a sister taxon to Bilateria. The alternative hypothesis, supported by phylogenomic data and ... of Myxozoa as an early diverging clade of Bilateria. By conducting parametric bootstrapping, we find that the ... to the alternative hypothesis at the base of Bilateria. Under a Bayesian criterion employing the CAT model, ...
Tópico(s): Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
2010 - Oxford University Press | Molecular Biology and Evolution
Thomas Cavalier‐Smith, M.T.E.P. Allsopp, E. E. Chao, Nicole Boury‐Esnault, Jean Vacelet,
... may be sisters of, rather than derived from, Bilateria. Kingdom Animalia is divided into four subkingdoms: Radiata (Porifera, Cnidaria, Placozoa, Ctenophora), Myxozoa, Mesozoa, and Bilateria. The 18S rRNA genes of Myxozoa evolved over ... in the rate of rRNA evolution in early Bilateria followed by normal low rates for about 500 ...
Tópico(s): Marine Sponges and Natural Products
1996 - NRC Research Press | Canadian Journal of Zoology
Xiankui Sun, Jean‐Marc Fontaine, Joshua S. Rest, Eric A. Shelden, Michael J. Welsh, Rainer Benndorf,
... HSP22, we have studied its phylogenetic relationship among Bilateria proteins and confirmed that it is a member ... t test. Phylogenetic Relationship of HSP22 among the Bilateria sHSPs—In the light of the divergent roles ... 134) Google Scholar). This sHSP-HMM identified 167 Bilateria sHSP-like proteins, including all known mammalian sHSPs ... of this phylogeny illustrating the overall topology of Bilateria sHSPs while detailing the relationship of the HSP22 ...
Tópico(s): Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
2004 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry