Heinz W. Gschwend, Malvin J. Hillman, Biruta Kisis, Ronald K. Rodebaugh,
... as analgetic templatesHeinz W. Gschwend, Malvin J. Hillman, Biruta Kisis, and Ronald K. RodebaughCite this: J. Org. ...
Tópico(s): Axial and Atropisomeric Chirality Synthesis
1976 - American Chemical Society | The Journal of Organic Chemistry
Elastoidin, a member of the collagen class of proteins, proves to be a tightly bonded mixture of a characteristic collagen which may be extracted by autoclaving as a water-soluble gelatin, and a water-insoluble, tyrosine-rich residue. The cleaned fibers of three species of selachian fishes yielded 14 to 26% of the insoluble residue, containing 18 to 25% tyrosine.
Tópico(s): Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
1958 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
Jerome Gross, Biruta Dumsha, Norma Glazer,
Tópico(s): Enzyme Production and Characterization
1958 - Elsevier BV | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta
W. L. Bencze, Biruta Kisis, R. T. Puckett, N. FINCH,
A new hypolipidemic agent, 2-methyl-2-[p-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-napthyl)phenoxy] propionic acid, has been resolved. The absolute configurations of the enantiomers have been established by (a) ORD correlation with the lignans (b) application of the ORD skewed styrene rule to the derived dehydro compound and (c) the Bijvoet X-ray procedure on an iodo derivative.
Tópico(s): Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
1970 - Elsevier BV | Tetrahedron
Thomas C. Chalmers, Harry Smith, Bradley A. Blackburn, Bernard L. Silverman, Biruta Schroeder, Dinah Reitman, Alexander Ambroz,
Tópico(s): Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
1981 - Elsevier BV | Controlled Clinical Trials
Biruta A. Osins, J.Malcolm Carter, Ming Shih-Levine,
Eighty-eight teeth were used to determine the sealing quality of four root canal sealer cements—Kerr, Diaket, AH-26, and ProcoSol—via the vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha technique. In addition, limited studies were carried out to determine the sealing quality of injected Hydron and thermoplasticized gutta-percha. A comparison was also made between the lateral condensation of gutta-percha and vertical condensation of warm gutta-percha when Kerr sealer was used. Teeth filled with vertical ...
Tópico(s): Orthopaedic implants and arthroplasty
1983 - Elsevier BV | Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology
Jan Cabri, Biruta Witte, Jan Pieter Clarys, T. Reilly, Dieter Strass,
Abstract The physiological responses to strenuous steady-rate exercise are known to vary with time of day. Less well understood are the acute reactions to abrupt short-term all-out muscular efforts. This study examined circadian variation in blood pressure responses to short-term intense exercise. Twelve males participated in an experiment that involved performance of maximal muscular efforts at six times of the day. The time points were equally spaced throughout the day and for each subject the ...
Tópico(s): Physical Activity and Health
1988 - Taylor & Francis | Ergonomics
Biruta Witte, Wolfgang Neumeister, Martin Huertgen,
To determine the impact of endoesophageal ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) on management of thoracic malignancies.One hundred and twenty patients referred for invasive diagnostic and resection of thoracic malignancies were studied prospectively. Negative and inconclusive EUS-FNA findings were assessed by video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy (VAMLA) or open lymphadenectomy.One hundred and twenty patients, aged 64.1 years (range 38-85) underwent 120 EUS-FNA, 53 video-assisted ...
Tópico(s): Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
2008 - Oxford University Press | European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
Biruta Witte, Antje Messerschmidt, H. Hillebrand, Stefan Groß, Michael Wolf, Elke Kriegel, Wolfgang Neumeister, Martin Hürtgen,
Objectives: To assess the feasibility and radicality of a combined thoracoscopic and mediastinoscopic approach to mediastinal lymphadenectomy compared to thoracoscopy only for minimally invasive management of early stage lung carcinoma. Methods: Prospective observational study of patients undergoing anatomical thoracoscopic lung resection for lung carcinoma in our department in 2007. Mediastinal lymphadenectomy was performed either thoracoscopically (VATS group) or by a combination of video-assisted ...
Tópico(s): Tracheal and airway disorders
2008 - Oxford University Press | European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
Tiit Nikopensius, Triin Jagomägi, Kaarel Krjutškov, Veronika Tammekivi, Mare Saag, Inga Prane, Linda Gailīte, Ilze Akota, Biruta Barkāne, Astrīda Krūmiņa, Laima Ambrozaitytė, Aušra Matulevičienė, Zita Aušrelė Kučinskienė, Baiba Lāce, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Andres Metspalu,
Abstract Background Orofacial clefts are among the most common birth defects with a strong genetic component. Nonsyndromic cleft palate (NSCP) is a complex malformation determined by the interaction between multiple genes and environmental risk factors. Methods We conducted a case‐control association study to investigate the role of 40 candidate genes in predisposition to orofacial clefting. Five hundred ninety‐one haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphism (tagSNPs) were genotyped in a clefting ...
Tópico(s): Urological Disorders and Treatments
2010 - Wiley | Birth Defects Research
Systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy is usually done at thoracotomy together with lung resection. It is a prerequisite for accurate nodal staging and has an impact on survival. With the introduction of neoadjuvant therapy for stage III lung carcinoma, mediastinal staging before therapy became more important. Video-assisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy (VAMLA) is a minimally invasive technique of systematic mediastinal dissection that equals radicality of open lymphadenectomy, and can be carried ...
Tópico(s): Tracheal and airway disorders
2007 - Oxford University Press | Multimedia Manual of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
Background:The development of a two-bladed spreadable videomediastinoscope in 1992 allowed increased exposure and bimanual dissection of mediastinal structures. Concurrent with technical progress in mediastinoscopy, neoadjuvant treatment of stage III lung cancer was introduced, and accuracy of pretreatment mediastinal staging became a topic at issue. In this setting, development of a videomediastinoscopic technique for complete mediastinal lymphadenectomy was the obvious thing to do.Methods:Video- ...
Tópico(s): Salivary Gland Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment
2007 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Thoracic Oncology
Biruta Witte, Michael Wolf, H. Hillebrand, Martin Huertgen,
This paper describes a prospective, observational, single-centre study of 20 consecutive patients with clinical stage I lung carcinoma undergoing anatomical sublobar resections using complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (cVATS). Thirteen male and seven female patients with a median age of 68 (range 57–84) years and a median of four (range 0–9) relevant comorbid conditions presented with five right-sided and 15 left-sided tumours, with a median diameter of 2.3 (range 1.0–5.2) cm. Thirteen segmentectomies, ...
Tópico(s): Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
2011 - Oxford University Press | Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
Tiit Nikopensius, Inga Kempa, Laima Ambrozaitytė, Triin Jagomägi, Mare Saag, Aušra Matulevičienė, Algirdas Utkus, Kaarel Krjutškov, Veronika Tammekivi, Linda Gailīte, Ilze Akota, Biruta Barkāne, Astrīda Krūmiņa, Jānis Kloviņš, Baiba Lāce, Vaidutis Kučinskas, Andres Metspalu,
Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common complex birth defect caused by the interaction between multiple genes and environmental factors.Five hundred and eighty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms in 40 candidate genes related to orofacial clefting were tested for association with CL/P in a clefting sample composed of 300 patients and 606 controls from Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian populations.In case-control comparisons, the minor alleles of FGF1 rs34010 (p = 4.56 × ...
Tópico(s): Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
2011 - Wiley | Birth Defects Research
Biruta Witte, Michael Wolf, Martin Huertgen, H. Toomes,
Background This study was conducted to assess indications, procedures, complications, and clinical feasibility of video-assisted mediastinoscopic surgery (VAMS). It also assessed the accuracy of mediastinal lymph node staging by videoassisted mediastinoscopic lymphadenectomy (VAMLA) with bimanual dissection through the twin-bladed, expanding Linder-Dahan mediastinoscope. Methods From 2000 to 2004, we documented and assessed 226 consecutive procedures in a prospective database. Results A total of 144 VAMLAs ...
Tópico(s): Salivary Gland Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment
2006 - Elsevier BV | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
Tópico(s): Micro and Nano Robotics
2012 - Cambridge University Press | MRS Proceedings
Biological structures show a great variety of deployment mechanisms for: (i) unfolding from buds, as in petals or in leaves, e.g. beech and hornbeam; (ii) growth in complex 3-dimensional patterns as can be seen in buds of thistles or in fructifications such as pine cones; (iii) appendages for locomotion (swimming, walking, jumping, running or flying, as exemplified in fins, legs and the wings of birds, bats or insects such as beetles (Coleoptera); (iv) feeding or defence, exemplified by the uncoiling ...
Tópico(s): Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
2000 - Springer Nature (Netherlands) | Solid mechanics and its applications
Biruta Kierdaszuk, Mariusz Berdyński, Justyna Karolczak, Maria Jolanta Rędowicz, Cezary Żekanowski, Anna Kamińska,
Centronuclear myopathies constitute a group of heterogeneous congenital myopathies characterized by the presence of abnormal, centrally located nuclei within muscle fibers. Centronuclear myopathies can be caused by mutations of several different genes, including DNM2, encoding dynamin 2 (DNM2) a large GTPase involved in membrane trafficking and endocytosis. We report a 52-year old female with slowly progressive muscle weakness, and a family history of the disease. Clinical, morphological, biochemical ...
Tópico(s): Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
2013 - Elsevier BV | Neuromuscular Disorders
Biruta Witte, Christian Stenz, Christian F. Vahl, Martin Huertgen,
To compare the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with the open thoracotomy access to pulmonary segmentectomy by the clinical outcomes and long-term survival in lung carcinoma. Non-randomized comparative intention-to-treat study of prospective institutional registry data and survival data of 100 consecutive patients undergoing segmentectomy. Within one decade (2002–12), 100 patients with proven or highly suspected lung carcinoma underwent 100 anatomical sub-lobar pulmonary resections (52 typical ...
Tópico(s): Lung Cancer Treatments and Mutations
2015 - Oxford University Press | Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
Magdalena Kaliszewska, Jakub Kruszewski, Biruta Kierdaszuk, Anna Kostera‐Pruszczyk, Monika Nojszewska, Anna Łusakowska, Joel Vizueta, Dorota Sabat, Dorota Lutyk, Michał Lower, Dorota Piekutowska‐Abramczuk, Aneta Kaniak, Ewa Pronicka, Anna Kamińska, Ewa Bartnik, Paweł Golik, Katarzyna Tońska,
Replication of the mitochondrial genome depends on the single DNA polymerase (pol gamma). Mutations in the POLG gene, encoding the catalytic subunit of the human polymerase gamma, have been linked to a wide variety of mitochondrial disorders that show remarkable heterogeneity, with more than 200 sequence variants, often very rare, found in patients. The pathogenicity and dominance status of many such mutations remain, however, unclear. Remarkable structural and functional conservation of human POLG ...
Tópico(s): Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
2015 - Springer Science+Business Media | Human Genetics
Ināra Kantāne, Biruta Sloka, Ilze Buligina, Ginta Tora, Regīna Buševica, Alise Buligina, Juris Dzelme, Pēteris Tora,
Changes of the work conditions and technologies ask to change approach to the main principles of education system. The education system can't prepare employees for the whole working life. Relative role of different parts of the qualification are changing. Skills, practical experience, which were main object of investigation and assessment, becomes less valid for whole working life, significance of motivation, emotional intelligence and attitudes increase. Skills and knowledge must be periodically ...
Tópico(s): Economic Development and Regional Competitiveness
2015 - Kaunas University of Technology | European Integration Studies
Martin Reichert, Matthias Hecker, Biruta Witte, Johannes Bodner, Winfried Padberg, Markus Weigand, Andreas Hecker,
Tópico(s): Ultrasound in Clinical Applications
2016 - Springer Science+Business Media | Langenbeck s Archives of Surgery
Jeļena Vrubļevska, M. Trapencieris, S. Snikere, Daiga Grīnberga, Biruta Velika, Iveta Pudule, Elmārs Rancāns,
This cross-sectional study aims to assess the 12-month prevalence of major and minor depression in the Latvian population, and to evaluate associated health care utilization. Trained interviewers conducted face-to-face interviews with a multistage stratified probability sample of the Latvian general population, ages 15–64 (n=3003). Participants were interviewed using the depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Self-reported health care utilization and somatic illness ...
Tópico(s): Employment and Welfare Studies
2016 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Affective Disorders
Edmundas Jasinskas, Dalia Štreimikienė, Biruta Švagždienė, Artūras Simanavičius,
The hotel business is rapidly developing due to growing demand for such services as well as the growing opportunities for travel. As a result, hotels face demanding customers, since the requirements for quality grow with an increased use of hotels' services, in order to increase the competitive ability of a hotel, the issue of customer loyalty is also important. The aim of this article is to assess the impact of the quality of hotel services on the loyalty of customers. In the article the original ...
Tópico(s): Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
2016 - Taylor & Francis | Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja
J. Stepanovs, Agnese Ozoliņa, Vita Rovīte, Biruta Mamaja, Indulis Vanags,
Abstract Microvascular free flap surgery, has become an important part of reconstructive surgery during the last decades, as it allows closure of various tissue defects and recovery of organs function. Despite surgical progress resulting in high rates of transferred tissue survival, the risk of pedicle vessels thrombosis still remains a significant problem. A total of 108 articles from Pubmed and Science Direct databases published in 2005–2015 were analysed. This review of the literature assessed ...
Tópico(s): Hemostasis and retained surgical items
2016 - De Gruyter Open | Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences
L Springe, Toms Pulmanis, Biruta Velika, Iveta Pudule, Daiga Grīnberga, Anita Villeruša,
Aims: Suicide rates in Latvia are among the highest in the EU. Among 18–25 year-old young adults, it is the second leading cause of death. This study investigates the prevalence of self-reported suicide attempts in young adults and examines its association with neglect or violence of a physical, emotional or sexual nature. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 1259 young adults 18–25 years of age, selected by targeted quota sampling from secondary and vocational schools. Results: The prevalence ...
Tópico(s): Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
2016 - SAGE Publishing | Scandinavian Journal of Public Health
Hidetoshi KOBAYASHI, Biruta Kresling, Julian F. V. Vincent,
Leaves of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and beech (Fagus sylvaticus) were modelled to a first approximation as plane surfaces, with straight parallel folds, using numerical methods. In both species the lateral veins, when the leaves are outstretched, are angled at 30 to 50 degrees from the centre vein. A higher angle allows the leaf to be folded more compactly within the bud, but it takes longer to expand. This may allow the plant to optimize the timing of leaf deployment with ecological and physiological ...
Tópico(s): Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control
1998 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences
Hans Friede, Dace Priede, Marie Möller, Inese Maulina, Jan Lilja, Biruta Barkāne,
The aim of this study was to compare facial development, particularly growth of the maxilla, of two groups of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate in whom palatal surgery had been done slightly differently, particularly the timing of the procedures. Two-stage palatal repair had been used at 8 (velar closure) and 102 months (hard palate surgery) at one cleft centre and at 20 and 62 months at another centre. Lateral roentgencephalograms were used to analyse the first sample of 20 patients, ...
Tópico(s): Tracheal and airway disorders
1999 - Taylor & Francis | Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery
Leandra Abarca-Gómez, Ziad Abdeen, Zargar Abdul Hamid, Niveen Abu-Rmeileh, Benjamín Acosta-Cázares, Cecilia Cristina Santos Acuin, Robert J. Adams, Wichai Aekplakorn, Kaosar Afsana, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Charles Agyemang, Alireza Ahmadvand, Wolfgang Ahrens, Kamel Ajlouni, N. S. Akhtaeva, Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Amani Al‐Othman, Rajaa Al‐Raddadi, Fadia Al Buhairan, Shahla Al Dhukair, Mohamed M Ali, Osman Ali, Ala’a Alkerwi, Mar Álvarez‐Pedrerol, Eman Aly, Deepak Amarapurkar, Philippe Amouyel, Antoinette Amuzu, Lars Bo Andersen, Sigmund A. Anderssen, Susana Andrade, Lars Ängquist, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri, Joana Araújo, Inger Ariansen, Tahir Aris, Nimmathota Arlappa, Dominique Arveiler, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Thor Aspelund, Félix Assah, Maria Cecília F Assunção, May Soe Aung, Mária Avdićová, Ana Azevedo, Fereidoun Azizi, Bontha V. Babu, Suhad Bahijri, Jennifer L. Baker, Nagalla Balakrishna, Mohamed Bamoshmoosh, Maciej Banach, Piotr Bandosz, José R. Banegas, Carlo M Barbagallo, Alberto Barceló, Amina Barkat, Aluísio J. D. Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Iqbal Bata, Anwar Batieha, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista, Assembekov Batyrbek, Louise A. Baur, R Beaglehole, Habiba Ben Romdhane, Judith Benedics, Mikhail Benet Rodríguez, James E. Bennett, Antonio Bernabé‐Ortiz, Gailutė Bernotienė, Heloísa Bettiol, Aroor Bhagyalaxmi, Sumit Bharadwaj, Santosh K. Bhargava, Zaid Bhatti, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Hongsheng Bi, Yufang Bi, Anna Månsson Biehl, Mukharram M Bikbov, Bihungum Bista, Duško Bjelica, Peter Bjerregaard, Espen Bjertness, Marius B Bjertness, Cecilia Björkelund, Anneke Blokstra, Simona Bo, Martin Bobák, Lynne M. Boddy, Bernhard O. Boehm, Heiner Boeing, Jose G Boggia, Carlos P Boissonnet, Marialaura Bonaccio, Vanina Bongard, Pascal Bovet, Lien Braeckevelt, Lutgart Braeckman, Marjolijn C. E. Bragt, Imperia Brajkovich, Francesco Branca, Juergen Breckenkamp, João Breda, Hermann Brenner, Lizzy M. Brewster, Garry Brian, Lăcrămioara Aurelia Brîndușe, Graziella Bruno, H. Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, Anna Bugge, Marta Buoncristiano, Genc Burazeri, Con Burns, Antonio Cabrera de León, Joseph Cacciottolo, Hui Cai, Tilema Cama, Christine Cameron, José Camolas, Günay Can, Ana Paula Carlos Cândido, Mario V. Capanzana, Vincenzo Capuano, Viviane C Cardoso, Axel C. Carlsson, Joana Carvalho, Felipe F. Casanueva, Juan-Pablo Casas, Carmelo A Caserta, Snehalatha Chamukuttan, Angelique Chan, Queenie Chan, Himanshu K Chaturvedi, Nish Chaturvedi, Chien‐Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Chen, Ching‐Yu Cheng, Angela Chetrit, Ekaterina Chikova‐Iscener, Arnaud Chioléro, Shu-Ti Chiou, Adela Chirita-Emandi, María-Dolores Chirlaque, Belong Cho, Yumi Cho, Kaare Christensen, Diego Giulliano Destro Christófaro, Jerzy Chudek, Renata Cifkova, Eliza Cinteză, Frank Claessens, Els Clays, Hans Concin, Susana Cararo Confortin, Cyrus Cooper, Rachel Cooper, Tara Coppinger, Simona Costanzo, Dominique Cottel, Chris Cowell, Cora L. Craig, Ana B. Crujeiras, Alexandra Cucu, Graziella D’Arrigo, Eleonora d’Orsi, Jean Dallongeville, Albertino Damasceno, Camilla T. Damsgaard, Goodarz Danaei, Rachel Dankner, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Saeed Dastgiri, Luc Dauchet, Kairat Davletov, Guy De Backer, Dirk De Bacquer, Amalia De Curtis, Giovanni de Gaetano, Stefaan De Henauw, Paula Duarte de Oliveira, Karin De Ridder, Delphine De Smedt, Mohan Deepa, А. Д. Деев, Abbas Dehghan, Hélène Delisle, Francis Delpeuch, Valérie Deschamps, Klodian Dhana, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa, Alejandro Díaz, Živka Dika, Shirin Djalalinia, Do Thi Phuong Ha, Annette J Dobson, Maria Benedetta Donati, Chiara Donfrancesco, Silvana P Donoso, Angela Döring, Maria Dorobanţu, Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh, Kouamelan Doua, Wojciech Drygas, Yanping Li, Charmaine Duante, Vesselka Duleva, Virginija Dulskienė, Vilnis Dzerve, Elżbieta Dziankowska–Zaborszczyk, Eruke E Egbagbe, Robert Eggertsen, Gabriele Eiben, Ulf Ekelund, Jalila El Ati, Paul Elliott, Reina Engle‐Stone, Rajiv T Erasmus, Cihangir Erem, Louise Eriksen, Johan G Eriksson, Jorge Escobedo, Alun Evans, David Faeh, Caroline Fall, Victoria Farrugia Sant’Angelo, Farshad Farzadfar, Francisco Javier Félix-Redondo, Trevor S Ferguson, Romulo A Fernandes, Daniel Fernández‐Bergés, Daniel Ferrante, Marika Ferrari, Catterina Ferreccio, Jean Ferrières, Joseph D Finn, Krista Fischer, Eric Monterubio Flores, Bernhard Föger, Leng Huat Foo, Ann‐Sofie Forslund, Maria Forsner, Heba Fouad, Damian K Francis, Maria do Carmo Franco, Oscar H. Franco, Guillermo Frontera, Flávio Danni Fuchs, Sandra Fuchs, Yuki Fujita, T. Furusawa, Zbigniew Gaciong, Mihai Gafencu, Daniela Galeone, Fabio Galvano, Manuela García de la Hera, Dickman Gareta, Sarah P. Garnett, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Magda Gasull, Louise Gates, Harald Geiger, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Anoosheh Ghasemian, Simona Giampaoli, Francesco Gianfagna, Tiffany K Gill, Jonathan Giovannelli, Aleksander Giwercman, Justyna Godos, Sibel Göğen, Rebecca Goldsmith, David Goltzman, Helen Gonçalves, Margot González-León, Juan P González-Rivas, Marcela González‐Gross, F. Gottrand, Pedro Graça, Sidsel Graff‐Iversen, Dušan Grafnetter, Aneta Grajda, Maria G Grammatikopoulou, Ronald D Gregor, Tomasz Grodzicki, Anders Grøntved, Giuseppe Grosso, Gabriella Gruden, Vera Grujic, Dongfeng Gu,
Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults.We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including ...
Elsevier BV
Honor Bixby, James Bentham, Bin Zhou, Mariachiara Di Cesare, Christopher Paciorek, James E. Bennett, Cristina Taddei, Gretchen A Stevens, Andrea Rodriguez‐Martinez, Rodrigo M. Carrillo‐Larco, Young‐Ho Khang, Maroje Sorić, Edward W. Gregg, J. Jaime Miranda, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Stefan Savin, Marisa K. Sophiea, Maria LC Iurilli, Bethlehem Solomon, Melanie Cowan, Leanne M Riley, Goodarz Danaei, Pascal Bovet, Adela Chiriță-Emandi, Ian Hambleton, Alison Hayes, Nayu Ikeda, André Pascal Kengne, Avula Laxmaiah, Yanping Li, Stephen T. McGarvey, Aya Mostafa, Martin Neovius, Gregor Starc, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Leandra Abarca-Gómez, Ziad Abdeen, Shynar Abdrakhmanova, Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar, Zargar Abdul Hamid, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Niveen Abu-Rmeileh, Benjamín Acosta-Cázares, Robert J. Adams, Wichai Aekplakorn, Kaosar Afsana, Imelda Angeles‐Agdeppa, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Charles Agyemang, Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad, Noor Ani Ahmad, Naser Ahmadi, Alireza Ahmadvand, Wolfgang Ahrens, Kamel Ajlouni, Fadia AlBuhairan, Shahla AlDhukair, Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Mohamed M. Ali, Osman Ali, Ala’a Alkerwi, Amani Al‐Othman, Rajaa Al‐Raddadi, Mar Álvarez‐Pedrerol, Eman Aly, Deepak Amarapurkar, Philippe Amouyel, Antoinette Amuzu, Lars Bo Andersen, Sigmund A. Anderssen, Lars Ängquist, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri, Joana Araújo, Inger Ariansen, Tahir Aris, Raphael E. Arku, Nimmathota Arlappa, Krishna Kumar Aryal, Thor Aspelund, Félix Assah, Maria Cecília F Assunção, May Soe Aung, Juha Auvinen, Mária Avdićová, Ana Azevedo, Fereidoun Azizi, Mehrdad Azmin, Bontha V. Babu, Azli Baharudin, Suhad Bahijri, Jennifer L. Baker, Nagalla Balakrishna, Mohamed Bamoshmoosh, Maciej Banach, Piotr Bandosz, José R. Banegas, Carlo M Barbagallo, Alberto Barceló, Amina Barkat, Aluísio J. D. Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Iqbal Bata, Anwar Batieha, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena Batista, Zhamilya Battakova, Assembekov Batyrbek, Louise A. Baur, R Beaglehole, Silvia Bel‐Serrat, Habiba Ben Romdhane, Judith Benedics, Mikhail Benet Rodríguez, Salim Berkinbayev, Antonio Bernabé‐Ortiz, Gailutė Bernotienė, Heloísa Bettiol, Aroor Bhagyalaxmi, Sumit Bharadwaj, Santosh K. Bhargava, Hongsheng Bi, Yufang Bi, Anna Månsson Biehl, Elysée Claude Bika Lele, Mukharram M Bikbov, Bihungum Bista, Duško Bjelica, Peter Bjerregaard, Espen Bjertness, Marius B Bjertness, Cecilia Björkelund, Anneke Blokstra, Simona Bo, Martin Bobák, Lynne M. Boddy, Bernhard O. Boehm, Heiner Boeing, José Boggia, Carlos P Boissonnet, Marialaura Bonaccio, Vanina Bongard, Matthias Bopp, Rossana Borchini, Herman Borghs, Lien Braeckevelt, Lutgart Braeckman, Marjolijn C. E. Bragt, Imperia Brajkovich, Francesco Branca, Juergen Breckenkamp, João Breda, Hermann Brenner, Lizzy M. Brewster, Garry Brian, Lăcrămioara Aurelia Brîndușe, Graziella Bruno, H. Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, Anna Bugge, Marta Buoncristiano, Genc Burazeri, Con Burns, Antonio Cabrera de León, Joseph Cacciottolo, Hui Cai, Tilema Cama, Christine Cameron, José Camolas, Gamze Çan, Günay Can, Ana Paula Carlos Cândido, Felicia Cañete, Mario V. Capanzana, Eduardo Capuano, Vincenzo Capuano, Viviane C Cardoso, Axel C. Carlsson, Estéban Carmuega, Joana Carvalho, Felipe F. Casanueva, Juan-Pablo Casas, Carmelo Antonio Caserta, Ertugrul Celikcan, Laura Censi, Juraci A. César, Snehalatha Chamukuttan, Angelique Chan, Queenie Chan, Himanshu K Chaturvedi, Nish Chaturvedi, Norsyamlina Che Abdul Rahim, Chien‐Jen Chen, Fangfang Chen, Huashuai Chen, Shuohua Chen, Zhengming Chen, Ching‐Yu Cheng, Yiling J. Cheng, Angela Chetrit, Ekaterina Chikova‐Iscener, Arnaud Chioléro, Shu-Ti Chiou, María‐Dolores Chirlaque, Belong Cho, Yumi Cho, Kaare Christensen, Diego Giulliano Destro Christófaro, Jerzy Chudek, Renata Cifkova, Michelle Cilia, Eliza Cinteză, Frank Claessens, Janine Clarke, Els Clays, Hans Concin, Susana Cararo Confortin, Cyrus Cooper, Tara Coppinger, Simona Costanzo, Dominique Cottel, Chris Cowell, Cora L. Craig, Amelia C. Crampin, Ana B. Crujeiras, Juan J. de la Cruz, Alexandra Cucu, Liufu Cui, Jean Dallongeville, Albertino Damasceno, Camilla T. Damsgaard, Rachel Dankner, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Graziella D’Arrigo, Parasmani Dasgupta, Saeed Dastgiri, Luc Dauchet, Kairat Davletov, Guy De Backer, Dirk De Bacquer, Amalia De Curtis, Giovanni de Gaetano, Stefaan De Henauw, Paula Duarte de Oliveira, Karin De Ridder, Susanne R. de Rooij, Delphine De Smedt, Mohan Deepa, А. Д. Деев, Abbas Dehghan, Hélène Delisle, Francis Delpeuch, Elaine Dennison, Valérie Deschamps, Klodian Dhana, Meghnath Dhimal, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa, Alejandro Díaz, Živka Dika, Shirin Djalalinia, Do Thi Phuong Ha, Annette J. Dobson, Maria Benedetta Donati, Chiara Donfrancesco, Silvana P Donoso, Angela Döring, Maria Dorobanţu, Ahmadreza Dorosty Motlagh, Eleonora d’Orsi, Kouamelan Doua, Wojciech Drygas, Yanping Li, Charmaine Duante, Rosemary B. Duda, Vesselka Duleva, Virginija Dulskienė, Samuel Carvalho Dumith, Vilnis Dzerve, Elżbieta Dziankowska–Zaborszczyk, Ricky Eddie, Eruke E Egbagbe, Robert Eggertsen, Gabriele Eiben, Ulf Ekelund, Jalila El Ati, Denise Eldemire‐Shearer, Marie Eliasen, Paul Elliott, Reina Engle‐Stone, Rajiv T. Erasmus, Cihangir Erem, Louise Eriksen, Johan G. Eriksson, Jorge Escobedo, Alun Evans, David Faeh,
Abstract Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities 1,2 . This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity 3–6 . Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or ...
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