Colin Hughes, Frances Gibb, Legal Affairs Correspondent, Miles Kington, Andrew Billen, Clifford Longley, Simon O'Hogan, Holly Hill, Alan Gibson, Laura Grimond, Charlie Streather, Simon Barnes, Peter Marson, Geraldine Norman, Sale Room Correspondent, Cliff Feltham, Ivo Tennant, A. Christodoulou, Secretary General, Michael Binyon, Jeremy Kingston, Norman De Mesquita, C. J. Bunyan, Richard Streeton, Richard Eaton, John Best, Mario Modiano, Caroline Moorehead, Gerald Davies, Bernard Levin, Mitchell Platts, Anne Sofer, Christopher Stell (Chairman Nonconformist Working Party), Norman Hammond, Archaeology Correspondent, Tom Lawrence, David Bernstein, Lawrence Lever, Matthew May, Oliver Fiennes, Ray Kennedy, Robin Young, John Patten, Jeremy Warner, Business Correspondent, Elie Kedourie, John Young, Michael Hamlyn, Sarah Hogg Economics Editor, Thomson Prentice, Suzy Menkes, Hugh Clayton Environment Correspondent, Cliff Barnes, Sally Watts, Malcolm Hayes, Anthony Bevins, Political Correspondent, Richard North, Rex Bellamy Tennis Correspondent, Winifred Dixon, Nicholas Harling, Tony Samstag, Philip Webster, Political Reporter, Peter Davalle, David Chinery Borneo Martell & Partners, Adrian J. Morant, Zoriana Pysariwsky, Paul Griffiths, Richard Evans, John Carlin, Patricia Clough, Nicholas Ashford, Diplomatic Correspondent, John Blunsden, Richard Owen, George Hodgson, Maxwell Newton, Roger Boyes, R. T. Gladwin, Chairman, Gill Lusk, Richard Bassett, Brian Beel, Keith MacKlin, David Hands Rugby Correspondent, Colin Hughes, Whitehall Correspondent, David Young, Christopher Walker, Carol Ferguson, Clive White, Graham Searjeant Financial Editor, Michael Seely, H. R. C. Riches, Chairman, Peter Dear and Peter Davalle, Lake Sagaris, Stephen Pettitt, Thomson Prentice and Susan MacDonald, Trevor Fishlock, Frances Gibb Legal Affairs Correspondent, Nicholas Shakespeare, R. D. Wall, Robert Fisk, P. B. Hetherington, Deputy Secretary General, Pat Butcher Athletics Correspondent, David Powell, Michael Prest, Financial Correspondent, Edward Vale, Richard Lander, Hugh Taylor, Vince Wright, Nicholas Timmins, Social Services Correspondent, Susan MacDonald, Penny Perrick, Isabel Unsworth, Nicholas Timmins Social Services Correspondent, Richard Ford, Peter Evans, Home Affairs Correspondent, Richard Wigg, Stuart Jones, Football Correspondent,
... Parliament this week Service dinners Lincoln's Inn Broderick Crawford Oscar-winning actor of stage and screen Bessie ...
1986 - Gale Group | TDA
Camila Cárdenas Moren, Kathleen Crawford Augant, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto de Giorgis, Hanns de la Fuente‐Mella, Álvaro Peña, Matías Valenzuela Saavedra, Pamela Hermosilla Monckton, Lorena Álvarez Castelli,
This study focuses on identifying personality traits in engineering students and testing whether they are related to academic performance. In addition, the importance of the personality construct in the educational and vocational training context was studied. A sample of 235 students from the Construction Engineering and Computer Engineering Schools of the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso was used. Through correlation and econometrics analysis, the results obtained indicate that there ...
Tópico(s): Diverse Applied Research Studies
2019 - Routledge | Studies in Higher Education
... Classified Advertisements, In the Goods of William Dennis Broderick, Mr. J. Barbier, Photographer. News: Notes by the Way The Health of Administrator Foster, The Crawford Case, Law Report The Crawford Case, A Remedy ...
1889 - Gale Group | NCCO EuropeAfrica
José García, Gabriel Villavicencio, Francisco Altimiras, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Vinicius Minatogawa, Matheus Franco, David Martínez-Muñoz, Víctor Yepes,
Complex industrial problems coupled with the availability of a more robust computing infrastructure present many challenges and opportunities for machine learning (ML) in the construction industry. This paper reviews the ML techniques applied to the construction industry, mainly to identify areas of application and future projection in this industry. Studies from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed to assess the latest applications of ML techniques in construction. A methodology was proposed that automatically ...
Tópico(s): BIM and Construction Integration
2022 - Elsevier BV | Automation in Construction
Moses Taylor, G. J. M'Cauley, Moses Pearce, S. G. Hazeley, N. J. Cole, Jacob Lewis, M. Taylor, G. J. M'Cauley, M. Pearce, S. G. Haseley, N. J. Cole, P. A. A. Bickersteth, H. H. Lardner,
... Sherbro and Sulymah District. Editorial: General News The Crawford Case, Letter to Board of Education by Anglican Managers. Display ads: N. Emeric Browne, Westmorel… Street, In the Goods of William Dennis Broderick, In the Goods of John Frederic Barber, Multiple ...
1889 - Gale Group | NCCO EuropeAfrica
Marcelo Becerra, José Lemus-Romani, Felipe Cisternas-Caneo, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Gino Astorga, Carlos Castro, José García,
For years, extensive research has been in the binarization of continuous metaheuristics for solving binary-domain combinatorial problems. This paper is a continuation of a previous review and seeks to draw a comprehensive picture of the various ways to binarize this type of metaheuristics; the study uses a standard systematic review consisting of the analysis of 512 publications from 2017 to January 2022 (5 years). The work will provide a theoretical foundation for novice researchers tackling combinatorial ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Packing Problems
2022 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Mathematics
Sir St Eric Johnston Formerly Hm Chief Inspector of Constabulary, C A MacDermott, Godfrey Hodgson, Will Ellsworth-Jones, Jon Swain, Philip Norman, Harold Hobson, Rene E. Bazin, Peter Gillman, Chris Ryder, Richard Cohen, R K Hendra, John Doughty, June Loewenstein, Berry Ritchie, James Poole, Antony Terry, Adrian Williams, Betty Jerman, W. S. Brownlie, Richard Streeton, Peter Rodgers, D. A. Sharp, Richard Milner, David Dougill, Cliff Temple, Jens Majgaard Chairman, Derek Jewell, Patrick Campbell, Peter Watson, David Cairns, Norman Harris, David Blundy, Michael Jones, Will Ellsworth Jones, Alexander Walker, Robin Marlar, Hugh Somerville, Danah Zohar, Malcolm Crawford Economics Editor, Patrick Forman, Roger Eglin, W Whitehouse, Peter Lennon, Michael Howard, Jilly Cooper, Moyra Bremner, John Wardroper, Lorana Sullivan, Jane Monahan, Raymond Mortimer, John Ball, Howard Barker, John Walton A legal executive, Jonathan Sale, G F Anderson, Nicholas Goodlson Chairman, (Mrs) Diana Burgoyne, Tony Geraghty, Judith Jackson, Richard Girling, Norman Griggs Secretary-General Building Societies Association, Nicholas Carroll, William shaweross, John Hopkins, Jill Neville, Derrik Mercer, James Fox, Rosemary Atkins, Bryan Silcock, Patricia Connor, John Raymond, Michael Pye, David E Tobias, David May, Jeremy Brooks, Gwen Nuttall, Jill Norman, Patrick Rowley, Lanning Roper, Jean Robertson, Peter Reddaway Senior Lecturer Political Science London School of Economics, Ronald Butt, Dilys Powell, Brigid Keenan, Brough Scott, Tony Rocca, Tony Osman, Keith Lucas Director, Air Commodore Peter Vanneck Master of the Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators, Dudley Doust, Tim Brown, Ian Nairn, Bruce Palling, Ian Jack, Grace Latibeaudiere, J W Lambert, Peter Kenyon, Peter Clarke, Peter Pringle, Godfrey Smith, Derek Humphry, Brian Glanville, Keith Richardson, Graham Searjeant, Anthony Holden, Caroline Silver, Maureen Walker, Nicholas Faith, Michael Jones Political Correspondent, Roman Eisenstein, Jacquetta Hawkes, Marina Vaizey, Adam Roberts, Phillip Knightley, Malcolm Crawford, F G a M Smith, Roland Adburgham, Boris Schapiro,
... pp 313 The Pride of Summer by John Broderick/Harrap £3.25 pp 252 Best-Sellers Short ... out of the red, says Economics Editor Malcolm Crawford Wyseplan Albany Life Assurance Steel's future goes ...
1976 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, José Lemus-Romani, Marcelo Becerra, Jose M. Lanza-Gutiérrez, Nuria Caballé, Mauricio Castillo, Diego Tapia, Felipe Cisternas-Caneo, José García, Gino Astorga, Carlos Castro, José-Miguel Rubio,
One of the central issues that must be resolved for a metaheuristic optimization process to work well is the dilemma of the balance between exploration and exploitation. The metaheuristics (MH) that achieved this balance can be called balanced MH, where a Q-Learning (QL) integration framework was proposed for the selection of metaheuristic operators conducive to this balance, particularly the selection of binarization schemes when a continuous metaheuristic solves binary combinatorial problems. In ...
Tópico(s): Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions
2021 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Mathematics
Caroline Conran, Jeremy Rundall, Geoffrey Grigson, Elaine Grand, Nicholas Tole, Alex Finer, Terry Delaney, Susan Saggers, Brian Walkden, Andrew Jackman, Harold Hobson, Chris Ryder, Henri Charles Tauxe, Rob Hughes, Edmund Crispin, Ernest Brook, Kenneth Allsop, James Poole, Mary Ann Madden, Jean Gimpel, Antony Terry, Malcom, John Whale, Frederic Raphael, Jason Tomas, (Mrs) Joan M. hobson, George Bruce, Richard Streeton, Philip Oakes, Goldie Kleiner, Henry Brandon, John Russell, Richard Milner, Jean Muir, Deryk Brown, Robert Jackson, Cliff Temple, Philip Clarke, Derek Jewell, Mary Kelsall, Brian Jackson, Peter Watson, Wendy Hughes, John Ballantine, Norman Harris, David Blundy, Paul Eddy, Geoff Whitten, Frank Giles, Peter Kellner, Robert Troop, (Mrs) Diane kechington, Robert Samuelson, Cyril Connolly, Roger Eglin, (Mrs) P Hipkins, Donald McCormick, Peter Lennon, Michael Howard, Lorana Sullivan, Boris Schapiro, (Mrs) Diane Kenchington, D Singer, Maxwell Boyd, Brian Jackman, Judith Jackson, John Fryer Labour Correspondent, Nicholas Carroll, Molly Parkin, John Hopkins, Celia Haddon, Eric Marsden, Peter Wilsher, Bryan Silcock, Roger Mortimer, Eric Jacobs, Malcolm Winton, John Raymond, Philip Short, David Blake, Michael Pye, Desmond Shawe-Taylor, Ted Clark, Gwen Nuttall, William Armstrong, Harriet Jillings, Michael Bateman, Stephen Aris, William Ellsworth-Jones, Patrick Rowley, Jean Robertson, Dilys Powell, Pamela Redhead, Elkan Allan, Alan Griffiths, Felix Aprahamian, Benjamin Pogrund, Stephen Fay, Lewis Chester, Aubrey Jones, Peter Pringle, Harold Evans, James Margach Political Correspondent, G H John Fursdon, Father Christopher Delaney, Tony Crook, Christopher Reed, Michael Moynihan, Brian Glanville, Graham Searjeant, Michael Green, Maureen Walker, Tom Davies, C. H. O'd. Alexander, Timothy Brown, Malcolm, Maurice Wiggin, Allan Hall, Sir George Catlin, Philippa Pullar, Brenda Jones, Malcolm Crawford, Henry Cooper, Muriel Bowen, Peter Crookston,
... pp 279 An Apology for Roses by John Broderick/Calder & Boyars £2.50 The Mallen Streak by ...
1973 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
José Lemus-Romani, Marcelo Becerra, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Felipe Cisternas-Caneo, Emanuel Vega, Mauricio Castillo, Diego Tapia, Gino Astorga, Wenceslao Palma, Carlos Castro, José García,
Currently, industry is undergoing an exponential increase in binary-based combinatorial problems. In this regard, metaheuristics have been a common trend in the field in order to design approaches to successfully solve them. Thus, a well-known strategy includes the employment of continuous swarm-based algorithms transformed to perform in binary environments. In this work, we propose a hybrid approach that contains discrete smartly adapted population-based strategies to efficiently tackle binary- ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications
2021 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Mathematics
Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Francisco Gonzalez, Rodrigo Olivares,
The cryptanalytic resistance of modern block and stream encryption systems mainly depends on the substitution box (S-box). In this context, the problem is thus to create an S-box with higher value of nonlinearity because this property can provide some degree of protection against linear and differential cryptanalysis attacks. In this paper, we design a scheme built on a human behavior-based optimization algorithm, supported with Self-Organizing Maps to prevent premature convergence and improve the ...
Tópico(s): Cryptographic Implementations and Security
2021 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Access
Sergio Valdivia, Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Nicolás Caselli, Fernando Paredes, Carlos Castro, Rodrigo Olivares,
Metaheuristics are smart problem solvers devoted to tackling particularly large optimization problems. During the last 20 years, they have largely been used to solve different problems from the academic as well as from the real-world. However, most of them have originally been designed for operating over real domain variables, being necessary to tailor its internal core, for instance, to be effective in a binary space of solutions. Various works have demonstrated that this internal modification, ...
Tópico(s): Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research
2020 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Mathematics
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Jean-Gabriel Minonzio, Bryan Cataldo, Rodrigo Olivares, Donatien Ramiandrisoa, Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque, Roberto Muñoz,
Bone fractures are caused by diseases or accidents and are a widespread problem throughout the globe. Worldwide, 1.6 millions of hip fractures occur every year and are expected to rise to 6.3 millions in 2050. The current gold standard to assess fracture risk is the Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), which provides a projected image of the bone from which areal bone mineral density is extracted. Ultrasound techniques have been proposed as non invasive alternatives. Recently, estimates of cortical ...
Tópico(s): Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
2020 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Access
Rodrigo Olivares, Roberto Muñoz, Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Diego Armando Cardona Cárdenas, Aarón Ponce, Carla Taramasco,
During the last years, highly-recognized computational intelligence techniques have been proposed to treat classification problems. These automatic learning approaches lead to the most recent researches because they exhibit outstanding results. Nevertheless, to achieve this performance, artificial learning methods firstly require fine tuning of their parameters and then they need to work with the best-generated model. This process usually needs an expert user for supervising the algorithm’s performance. ...
Tópico(s): Muscle activation and electromyography studies
2020 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Applied Sciences
Franklin Johnson, Alvaro Valderrama, Carlos Valle, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Ricardo Ñanculef,
In recent years, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been widely used for real-world applications in the field of computer vision. Their class-leading performance, however, depends heavily on the architecture used for a given problem. In most cases, the architectures are manually optimized by the researchers, a time-consuming process hard to achieve without prior knowledge of CNN. In this paper, we propose a new genetic algorithm for the optimization of the CNN architecture for a given image ...
Tópico(s): Neural Networks and Applications
2020 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Access
José García, Paola Moraga, Matías A. Valenzuela, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Hernán Pinto, Álvaro Peña, Francisco Altimiras, Gino Astorga,
The integration of machine learning techniques and metaheuristic algorithms is an area of interest due to the great potential for applications. In particular, using these hybrid techniques to solve combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) to improve the quality of the solutions and convergence times is of great interest in operations research. In this article, the db-scan unsupervised learning technique is explored with the goal of using it in the binarization process of continuous swarm intelligence ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Packing Problems
2019 - Hindawi Publishing Corporation | Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Angelo Aste Toledo, Hanns de la Fuente‐Mella, Carlos Castro, Fernando Paredes, Rodrigo Olivares,
In this research, we present a Binary Cat Swarm Optimization for solving the Manufacturing Cell Design Problem (MCDP). This problem divides an industrial production plant into a certain number of cells. Each cell contains machines with similar types of processes or part families. The goal is to identify a cell organization in such a way that the transportation of the different parts between cells is minimized. The organization of these cells is performed through Cat Swarm Optimization, which is a ...
Tópico(s): Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods
2019 - Hindawi Publishing Corporation | Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience
Jose M. Lanza-Gutiérrez, Nuria Caballé, Juan A. Gómez–Pulido, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto,
During the last decade, Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted interest due to the excellent monitoring capabilities offered. However, WSNs present shortcomings, such as energy cost and reliability, which hinder real-world applications. As a solution, Relay Node (RN) deployment strategies could help to improve WSNs. This fact is known as the Relay Node Placement Problem (RNPP), which is an NP-hard optimization problem. This paper proposes to address two Multi-Objective (MO) formulations of the ...
Tópico(s): Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
2019 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Sensors
José García, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Gino Astorga,
The binarization of continuous swarm-intelligence metaheuristics is an area of great interest in operational research. This interest is mainly due to the application of binarized metaheuristics to combinatorial problems. In this article we propose a general binarization algorithm called Percentil Transition Ranking Algorithm (PTRA). PTRA uses the percentile concept as a binarization mechanism. In particular we apply this mechanism to the Cuckoo Search metaheuristic to solve the Set Covering Problem ( ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Search Problems
2018 - Springer Nature | Advances in intelligent systems and computing
Enrique M. Cortés-Toro, Broderick Crawford, Juan A. Gómez–Pulido, Ricardo Soto, Jose M. Lanza-Gutiérrez,
In this article, a novel optimization metaheuristic based on the vapour-liquid equilibrium is described to solve highly nonlinear optimization problems in continuous domains. During the search for the optimum, the procedure truly simulates the vapour-liquid equilibrium state of multiple binary chemical systems. Each decision variable of the optimization problem behaves as the molar fraction of the lightest component of a binary chemical system. The equilibrium state of each system is modified several ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms
2018 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Applied Sciences
Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Gino Astorga, José García,
Different criteria exist for the classification of the metaheuristics. One important classification is: improvement metaheuristics and constructive. On the one hand improvement metaheuristics, begins with an initial solution and iteratively improves the quality of the solution using neighborhood search. On the other hand, constructive metaheuristics, are those in which a solution is built from the beginning, finding in each iteration a local optimum. In this article, we to compare two constructive ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
José García, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Gino Astorga,
The binarization of Swarm intelligence continuous metaheuristics is an area of great interest in operations research. This interest is mainly due to the application of binarized metaheuristics to combinatorial problems. In this article we propose a general binarization algorithm called K-means Transition Algorithm (KMTA). KMTA uses K-means clustering technique as learning strategy to perform the binarization process. In particular we apply this mechanism to Cuckoo Search and Black Hole metaheuristics ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Packing Problems
2018 - Elsevier BV | Swarm and Evolutionary Computation
Gino Astorga, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Éric Monfroy, José García, Enrique Cortés,
Context: In the industry the resources are increasingly scarce. For this reason, we must make a gooduse of it. Being the optimization tools, a good alternative that it is necessary to bear in mind. A realworldproblem is the facilities location being the Set Covering Problem, one of the most used models.Our interest, it is to find solution alternatives to this problem of the real-world using metaheuristics. Method: One of the main problems which we turn out to be faced on having used metaheuristic ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Mathematical Programming
2018 - Sergio A. Rojas | Ingeniería
Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Rodrigo Olivares, Carla Taramasco, I.A. Figueroa, Álvaro Gómez, Carlos Castro, Fernando Paredes,
Evolutionary algorithms have been used to solve several optimization problems, showing an efficient performance. Nevertheless, when these algorithms are applied they present the difficulty to decide on the appropriate values of their parameters. Typically, parameters are specified before the algorithm is run and include population size, selection rate, and operator probabilities. This process is known as offline control and is even considered as an optimization problem in itself. On the other hand, ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Packing Problems
2018 - Hindawi Publishing Corporation | Mathematical Problems in Engineering
Ricardo Soto, Broderick Crawford, Rodrigo Olivares, Jorge Barraza, I.A. Figueroa, Franklin Johnson, Fernando Paredes, Eduardo Olguín,
Tópico(s): Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Natural Computing
Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Gino Astorga, José García, Carlos Castro, Fernando Paredes,
In the real world, there are a number of optimization problems whose search space is restricted to take binary values; however, there are many continuous metaheuristics with good results in continuous search spaces. These algorithms must be adapted to solve binary problems. This paper surveys articles focused on the binarization of metaheuristics designed for continuous optimization.
Tópico(s): Optimization and Packing Problems
2017 - Hindawi Publishing Corporation | Complexity
José García, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Carlos Castro, Fernando Paredes,
Tópico(s): Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Applied Intelligence
José García, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Gino Astorga,
The binarization of Swarm Intelligence continuous metaheuristics is an area of great interest in operational research. This interest is mainly due to the application of binarized metaheuristics to combinatorial problems. In this article we propose a general binarization algorithm called Percentile Transition Ranking Algorithm (PTRA). PTRA uses the percentile concept as a binarization mechanism. In particular we will apply this mechanism to the Cuckoo Search metaheuristic to solve the set multidimensional ...
Tópico(s): Optimization and Packing Problems
2017 - Springer Nature | Advances in intelligent systems and computing
Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Éric Monfroy, Gino Astorga, José García, Enrique Cortés,
In this paper, we solve the Set Covering Problem with a meta-optimization approach. One of the most popular models among facility location models is the Set Covering Problem. The meta-level metaheuristic operates on solutions representing the parameters of other metaheuristic. This approach is applied to an Artificial Bee Colony metaheuristic that solves the non-unicost set covering. The Artificial Bee Colony algorithm is a recent swarm metaheuristic technique based on the intelligent foraging behavior ...
Tópico(s): Robotic Path Planning Algorithms
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Communications in computer and information science
José García, Broderick Crawford, Ricardo Soto, Pablo Molina‐García,
The set covering problem seeks for minimum cost family of subsets from n given subsets, which together covers the complete set. In this article, we present multi dynamic binary black hole algorithm for resolving the set covering problem. This algorithm has the particularity to propose a generic dynamic binarization method to manage the exploration and exploitation properties. Furthermore we explore the implementation of the algorithm on Apache Spark distributed framework.
Tópico(s): Robotic Path Planning Algorithms
2017 - Springer Nature | Advances in intelligent systems and computing