Srikumar Sen, Boxing Correspondent, Phil Yates, Nicholas Ridley, Anatol Lieven, Robert Muskath, Alison Roberts Arts Reporter, David Miller Chief Sports Correspondent, Sheila Gunn, Political Correspondent, Ronald Faux, Janet Bush, Economics Correspondent, Peter Riddell, Political Editor, David Moss, Ross Tieman, Industrial Correspondent, Philip Howard, Robert Morgan and Ross Tieman, Ian Murray, Jeremy Kingston, Blake, George Sivell, Noel Goodwin, David M. Browne, Carol Leonard, David Thurlow, Richard Streeton, Sean Hallahan, Tony Patrick, Stewart Tendler, Crime Correspondent, Tom Walker, Nicholas G. L. Hammond, Geoff Brown, Ray Clancy, Martin Fletcher, John Lees, Jane Bird, Brian Brophy, Bruce Clark, Peter Ball, Caroline Sullivan, Jim McCue, Alison Roberts, Arts Reporter, Alan Hamilton, Chris Eliou and Tim Judah, M. Power, Michael Clark, John Young, Michael Hamlyn, Anthony Legge, Glyn Ford, Sarah Bagnall, Michael Binyon Diplomatic Editor, N. Brothers, Clive Couldwell, Simon Tait, Sidney Brichto (Senior Vice-President), Wolfgang M?nchau, Andrew Longmore and Alix Ramsay, Richard Cork, Adam Lebor, Tony Cragg, George Brock, Lord MacKenzie-Stuart, Mottistone, Lin Jenkins, Piers Eley, Terry Eccles, Alison Roberts, David Toop, David Powell Athletics Correspondent, Lindsay Cook, Money Editor, Vaughan Freeman, Alan Lee, Cricket Correspondent, John Russell Taylor, Heather Alston, E. H. Salmon Director, Craig Brown, Frances Gibb, Legal Correspondent, Alix Ramsay, Colin Narbrough World Trade Correspondent, Chris Partridge, Matthew d'Ancona, Jonathan Braude, Elizabeth Longford, Nigel Hawkes, Rodney Hobson, Oliver Gillie, Jamie Dettmer, Geof Wheelwright, Barbara Pease, Martin Waller, Deputy City Editor, Christopher Thomas, Joanna Pitman, David Young, C. R. Head, Ross Tieman Industrial Correspondent, Philip Webster and George Brock, Craig Lord, Matthew Parris, Tiny Rowland, George Brock and James Landale, Michael Seely, Alan Hamilton and Nicholas Wood, Richard III, Belinda Hadden, Peter Riddell, Ben MacIntyre, Caroline Kay, Kristin E. Shay, Michael Phillips, ABSA/Arthur Anderson, Chris Dighton, Graham Searjeant, Martin Waller, Nigel Hawkes Science Editor, David Carlisle, Benedict Nightingale, Derek Harris, Tom Rhodes, Richard Morrison, Sam Kiley, Arthur Leathley, Anne McElvoy, Raymond Keene, Chess Corrspondent, Michael Evans, Martin Waller Deputy City Editor, Greenhill of Harrow, Colin Campbell, David Hands, Rugby Correspondent, Richard Ford, Michael Cross, Andrew Longmore, Tennis Correspondent, Richard Eyre, Tom Bower, Christopher Irvine, Stuart Jones, Football Correspondent, Emilie Bruell,
... key to this is what is called a codec Morse NHS plays numbers game with patients As ...
1992 - Gale Group | TDA
Tianyu Dong, Kyutae Kim, Euee S. Jang,
In this study, we evaluated the codec agnostic approach of video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC) by applying several video codecs to V-PCC. The main concept of V-PCC is to use a video codec to compress the 2D patch images generated from ... MPEG), V-PCC is designed to support the codec agnostic approach, which can be employed to compress point cloud data by using any video codec. At present, the V-PCC reference software is ... Coding. We extended the evaluation of the video codec applicability for PCC with well-known MPEG video ...
Tópico(s): 3D Shape Modeling and Analysis
2021 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Access
Andreas S. Panayides, Marios S. Pattichis, M. Pantziaris, A.G. Constantinides, Constantinos S. Pattichis,
... distinct initiatives competing for the best performing video codec. On the one hand, we have the Alliance ... AOM) that support a new, royalty free video codec generation, termed AV1, based on VP8 and VP9 ... Team (JVET) has been developing the Versatile Video Codec (VVC) as the successor of the High Efficiency ... same time, the breadth of applications utilizing video codecs, involving significant content variability and moving across the ... literature results, with respect to the best performing codec. In this paper, we compare the performance of ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Image Processing Techniques
2020 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Access
Xiangyu Zou, William A. Pearlman,
... The principles of the LOT based AGP image codec (LOT-AGP) are presented and a complete codec, encoder and decoder, is implemented in software. The ... other block transform coding schemes: the baseline JPEG codec and the DCT based AGP image codec (DCT- AGP) by both objective evaluation and subjective ... for these three coding schemes. The two AGP codecs are much better than the JPEG codec on PSNR, from about 1.7 dB to ... of two other state-of-art progressive image codecs are cited for further comparison. One is the ...
Tópico(s): Image and Signal Denoising Methods
1999 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
... perceptually weighted discrete cosine transform (DCT) based video codecs are proposed for quarter common intermediate format (QCIF) ... without run-length coding. Specifically, we propose video codecs having transmission rates in the range of 5- ... 36 kbps and preselected the 11.36 kbps codec 1, the 8.52 kbps codec 2 and the 8 kbps codec 2a, for which we designed the intelligent reconfigurable ... correction (FEC) coding the data rate associated with codec 1 and codec 2a became 20.32 kbps, while that of codec 2 was 15.24 kbps. Throughout these systems ...
Tópico(s): Wireless Communication Networks Research
1995 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Samet Hiçsönmez, Hüsrev Taha Sencar, İsmail Avcıbaş,
A novel technique is presented to identify the codec of a coded audio. The technique does not ... structure describing the bit stream format of a codec. The underlying idea of the technique is that ... compression level, audio quality and complexity of a codec will reveal themselves on the coded audio. To ... models that represent encoding process associated with different codecs. In experiments, we utilize 16 of the most popular audio codecs used for high quality audio compression and in ... VoIP networks by setting encoding parameters of each codec to its most commonly used values. Results show ...
Tópico(s): Blind Source Separation Techniques
2013 - Elsevier BV | Digital Signal Processing
Alternative fully DCT-based video codec architectures have been proposed in the past to address the shortcomings of the conventional hybrid motion compensated DCT video codec structures traditionally chosen as the basis of implementation of standard-compliant codecs. However, no prior effort has been made to ... different architectures so that fully DCT-based video codecs are fully compatible with the existing video coding ... paper, we establish the criteria for matching conventional codecs with fully DCT-based codecs. We find that ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Vision and Imaging
2001 - Springer Science+Business Media | EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Chunjie Duan, V.H.C. Calle, Sunil P. Khatri,
... of datawords to codewords has been proposed for CODEC design. This is mainly due to the nonlinear ... crosstalk avoidance codes (CAC). The lack of practical CODEC construction schemes has hampered the use of such ... practical designs. This work presents guidelines for the CODEC design of the "forbidden pattern free crosstalk avoidance ... in the Fibonacci numeral system. Our first proposed CODEC design offers a near-optimal area overhead performance. An improved version of the CODEC is then presented, which achieves theoretical optimal performance. ...
Tópico(s): Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
2009 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Antonio José Estepa, Rafael Estepa, Juan M. Vozmediano, Pablo Carrillo,
... applications can choose a plethora of different speech codecs, which differ in bandwidth, listening speech quality, and ... to quality degradation under packet loss. However, VoIP Codecs also exhibit differences in facets such as computational ... the study of energy consumption differences among VoIP codecs. We compare the execution time required to encode/ ... of up to 10 was found between different codecs). Based on our results, we provide a ranking ... efficiency. We also propose a simple algorithm for codec dynamic selection considering the dimensions of quality, energy ...
Tópico(s): Wireless Networks and Protocols
2014 - | Network Protocols and Algorithms
Yoshiaki Shishikui, Kazuhisa Iguchi, Shinichi Sakaida, Kimihiko Kazui, Akira Nakagawa,
... Vision (SHV) broadcasting, we have developed a new codec system that can encode and decode SHV signals ... the third generation of SHV real-time hardware codec. This efficient compression system maintains high picture quality ... to the encoding unit. In the previous SHV codec, the SHV image was divided into 16 portions ( ... used. Compared with the previous system, the new codec achieves a 50% bitrate saving and downsizes the codec by almost half. Furthermore, several new technologies were developed and installed in the codec. We conducted the world's first SHV international ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Image Processing Techniques
2012 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | Proceedings of the IEEE
Shanyu Tang, Qing Chen, Wei Zhang, Yongfeng Huang,
Low bit-rate speech codec offers so many advantages over other codecs that it has become increasingly popular in audio communications such as mobile and ... thus, researching steganography in low bit-rate speech codec is of important significance. In this study, we ... VoIP steganography model for low bit-rate speech codec that uses the PESQ deterioration rate and the ... covert communications using a low bit-rate speech codec efficiently and securely. Because no or little attention ... been paid to steganography in Internet Speech Audio Codec, it was chosen as the test codec to ...
Tópico(s): Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
2015 - Hindawi Publishing Corporation | Security and Communication Networks
Gilbert A. Soulodre, Theodore Grusec, Michel Lavoie, Louis Thibault,
... several state-of-the-art two-channel audio codecs against a CD-quality reference. Implementations of the ... MPEG AAC, Dolby AC-3, and Lucent PAC codecs were evaluated at the Communications Research Centre in ... that this is the first time that these codecs have been compared in a single test. Clear ... obtained for comparing the subjective performance of the codecs at each bit rate. All codecs were software based and constituted the most current ... testing. An additional hardware-based MPEG Layer 2 codec was included in the tests as a benchmark.
Tópico(s): Blind Source Separation Techniques
1998 - Audio Engineering Society | Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
J. Hernández, Vicente Alarcón-Aquino, Oleg Starostenko, Juan Manuel Ramírez-Cortés, Pilar Gómez-Gil,
... wavelet-based video coding approaches called SPECK-based Codec (SP-Codec) and Adaptive Wavelet/Fovea-based Codec (AWFV-Codec) are proposed. The proposed SP-Codec approach applies the Set Partitioned Embedded Block Codec (SPECK) wavelet-based compression algorithm in order to ... frame coding quality. The second proposed approach AWFV-Codec uses the Adaptive Fovea Set Partitioned Embedded Block Codec (AFV-SPECK) fovea wavelet-based compression algorithm for ...
Tópico(s): Image and Signal Denoising Methods
2018 - Elsevier BV | Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Paolo Bestagini, Simone Milani, Marco Tagliasacchi, Stefano Tubaro,
... of the last compression step (i.e., the codec adopted and the corresponding encoding parameters), while masking ... exploits coding-based footprints to identify both the codec and the size of the group of pictures ( ... re-encoding a video sequence with the same codec and coding parameters produces a sequence that is ... the former. As a consequence, if the second codec in the chain does not significantly alter the ... this sort of similarity to identify the first codec and the adopted GOP size. The method was ... generated by encoding content with a diversity of codecs (MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264/AVC, and ...
Tópico(s): Video Analysis and Summarization
2016 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Jarno Vanne, Marko Viitanen, Timo D. Hämäläinen, Antti Hallapuro,
... of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) reference video codec (HM) and compares the results with AVC reference codec (JM). The examined software codecs are HM 6.0 using Main Profile (MP) ... to obtain a fair comparison, JM HiP anchor codec has been configured to conform to HM MP ... This paper also reveals the bottlenecks of HM codec and provides implementation guidelines for future real-time HEVC codecs.
Tópico(s): Advanced Vision and Imaging
2012 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Low-complexity CODECs for two classes of crosstalk avoidance codes (CACs), forbidden pattern codes (FPCs) and forbidden transition codes (FTCs), have ... idea and establish a generic framework for the CODEC design of all classes of CACs based on ... systems. Using this framework, we then propose novel CODEC designs for three important classes of CACs, one ... OLCs), FPCs, and forbidden overlapping codes (FOCs). Our CODEC designs have area complexity and delay that increase ... achieving optimal or nearly optimal code rates. Our CODECs also have simple and regular circuitry, and can ...
Tópico(s): Error Correcting Code Techniques
2010 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Gerard Hotho, Lars Villemoes, Jeroen Breebaart,
... in this paper a backward-compatible multichannel audio codec. This codec represents a multichannel audio input signal by a ... be exploited. In this paper, we describe a codec that unifies the above-mentioned conditions: backward compatibility ... exploitation of both signal and perceptual redundancies. The codec combines a high audio quality and a low ... A stereo backward compatible version of the proposed codec is used as a component of the recently standardized MPEG Surround multichannel audio codec.
Tópico(s): Image and Signal Denoising Methods
2007 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing
B. Bessette, R. Salami, Rémi Lefebvre, Milan Jelinek, J. Rotola-Pukkila, J. Vainio, H. Mikkola, K. Järvinen,
... describes the adaptive multirate wideband (AMR-WB) speech codec selected by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) ... providing wideband speech services. The AMR-WB speech codec algorithm was selected in December 2000 and the ... were approved in March 2001. The AMR-WB codec was also selected by the International Telecommunication Union- ... importance since for the first time the same codec is adopted for wireless as well as wireline ... wideband speech service provided by the AMR-WB codec will give mobile communication speech quality that also ...
Tópico(s): Speech and Audio Processing
2002 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing
Wee Sun Lee, Mark R. Pickering, Michael R. Frater, J.F. Arnold,
We describe a robust codec for the transmission of very low bit-rate video over channels with a variety of errors, including random and bursty bit errors and packet loss. The codec exploits adaptivity to give good performance with a ... otherwise be poorly concealed by the decoder the codec allows adaptive selection of the parts of video ... show significant improvements in the performance of the codec when compared to codecs which use intra macroblock updating (raster scan and random) at the same overhead. The codec is efficient in its use of bits and ...
Tópico(s): Error Correcting Code Techniques
2000 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Gilbert A. Soulodre, Theodore Grusec, Michel Lavoie, Louis Thibault,
... several state-of-the-art two-channel audio codecs against a CD-quality reference. Implementations of the ... MPEG AAC, Dolby AC-3, and Lucent PAC codecs were evaluated at the Communications Research Centre in ... that this is the first time that these codecs have been compared in a single test. Clear ... obtained for comparing the subjective performance of the codecs at each bit rate. All codecs were software based and constituted the most current ... testing. An additional hardware-based MPEG Layer 2 codec was included in the tests as a benchmark.
Tópico(s): Digital Filter Design and Implementation
1999 - Elsevier BV | Computer Standards & Interfaces
Julien Le Tanou, Médéric Blestel,
... MPEG). Both groups have asserted that their respective codecs, AV1 and VVC, outperform the state-of-the- ... in many cases, related studies are evaluating video codec performances based on different test conditions, scenarios, or codec implementations, which makes comparisons sometimes unfair and at ... and runtime performance for both AV1 and VVC codecs, using their respective reference models, in comparison to two HEVC codec implementations: HEVC Test Model (HM) as the HEVC ... x265 as a well-known open-source HEVC codec implementation. Comparison of differentiating features of AV1 and ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Data Compression Techniques
2019 - | SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal
Hanbin Son, Taeoh Kim, Hyeongmin Lee, Sangyoun Lee,
... performance can be divided into three categories: learnable codecs, postprocessing networks, and compact representation networks. The learnable codec has been designed for end-to-end learning ... However, these approaches are not compatible with existing codecs or are not optimal for increasing coding efficiency. ... network due to the inaccurate consideration of the codecs. In this paper, we propose a novel standard compatible image compression framework based on auxiliary codec networks (ACNs). In addition, ACNs are designed to ...
Tópico(s): Image and Signal Denoising Methods
2021 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Mengyu Yang, Zhenxiao Luo, Miao Hu, Min Chen, Di Wu,
... volumetric video should be compressed by a specific codec before transmission. In spite of the existence of ... the efficiency and practicality of existing volumetric video codecs. In this paper, we conduct a comparative measurement ... on five representative point cloud-based volumetric video codecs, including 3 conventional codecs (e.g., Draco, G-PCC, V-PCC) and 2 neural-based codecs (e.g., PU-GCN+, MPU+), on six real ... datasets. We investigate the applicability of the above codecs in different application scenarios, and examine how the ...
Tópico(s): 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
2023 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting
Shengwei Wang, Li Yu, Sen Xiang,
... 3-D applications, a high-quality depth video codec with low complexity is in great demand for ... theory, we propose a low complexity depth video codec to compress depth videos effectively. The proposed codec decomposes depth blocks via an adaptive wavelet decomposition ... block. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed codec, compared with H.265 and H.264, achieves ... in "AllIntra" mode. In "IPPP" mode, the proposed codec also achieves BD-PSNR improvement up to 0. ... the complexity and energy consumption of the proposed codec is much lower, which is adapted to consumer ...
Tópico(s): Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques
2019 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
Catarina Brites, Fernando Pereira,
... most popular DVC architectures. While the first DVC codecs adopted the H.263 Intra codec to play this role, it became clear around 2005 that the (standard) Intra coding reference codec had evolved and should become the H.264/AVC Intra codec, which has been used since then by the ... tools and benchmarking by adopting the HEVC Intra codec to take the role that the H.264/ ... tools and benchmarking by adopting the HEVC Intra codec.Propose an extensive evaluation of the impact on DVC of upgrading the standard Intra codec to HEVC.
Tópico(s): Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques
2015 - Elsevier BV | Signal Processing Image Communication
A color TV codec with a 6.3 Mbit/s transmission bit-rate has been simplified by a newly developed coding method. This ... is also employed. In comparison with an interframe codec having the same transmission bit-rate, the amount of codec circuitry is halved. Subjective tests were performed to ... coded picture quality. It was found that this codec can present acceptable pictures for video conferencing, and ... is the same as that of the interframe codec operating at the same bit-rate. A video ... has been constructed for experiments by employing this codec. The experiments showed that the satellite link has ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques
1981 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IRE Transactions on Communications Systems