Sohan Singh Hayreh, Patricia Podhajsky, M. Bridget Zimmerman,
... of RAO. Results We classified RAO into central (CRAO) and branch (BRAO) artery occlusion. In both nonarteritic (NA) CRAO and BRAO, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, arterial ... higher for males ( P = 0.001) with NA-CRAO and for women with BRAO ( P = 0.02). ... artery had ≥50% stenosis in 31% of NA-CRAO patients and 30% of BRAO, and plaques in 71% of NA-CRAO and 66% of BRAO. An abnormal echocardiogram with ... embolic source was seen in 52% of NA-CRAO and 42% of BRAO. Neovascular glaucoma developed in only 2.5% of NA-CRAO eyes. Conclusions This study showed that, in CRAO ...
Tópico(s): Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
2009 - Elsevier BV | Ophthalmology
Sohan Singh Hayreh, M. Bridget Zimmerman, Alan Kimura, Ashish Sanon,
... retinal survival time following central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Methods. In 38 elderly, atherosclerotic and hypertensive rhesus monkeys, transient CRAO (varying from 97 to 240 min) was produced ... at the end of follow-up. Duration of CRAO was divided into four groups: 97, 105–120, ... rates of recovery of ERG-eyes with shorter CRAO recovered sooner than those with longer occlusion. On ... differences amongst the shorter and longer periods of CRAO. A delayed normalization of the depressed b/a ... b-wave amplitude recovery for all groups. Longer CRAO produced incomplete VEP recovery. On histology, in the ...
Tópico(s): Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
2003 - Elsevier BV | Experimental Eye Research
Sohan Singh Hayreh, M. Bridget Zimmerman,
... fundus findings associated with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Methods: The study included 240 consecutive patients (248 eyes) with CRAO. The eyes underwent detailed fundus evaluation and stereoscopic ... and echocardiography to determine the source of emboli. CRAO was classified into 3 types: permanent CRAO (175 eyes), permanent CRAO with cilioretinal artery sparing (35 eyes), and transient CRAO (38 eyes). In the three types of CRAO, acute-phase and late-phase changes in the ... the initial examination in our clinic for permanent CRAO were retinal opacity in the posterior pole (58%), ...
Tópico(s): Vasculitis and related conditions
2007 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Retina
... in the management of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is the length of time the retina can survive following that. An experimental study shows that CRAO for 97 min produces no detectable permanent retinal ... arterial ischemic disorders: These are of 4 types: CRAO, branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), cotton wool spots and amaurosis fugax. Both CRAO and BRAO further comprise multiple clinical entities. Contrary ... the universal belief, pathogenetically, clinically and for management, CRAO is not one clinical entity but 4 distinct ...
Tópico(s): Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
2011 - Elsevier BV | Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
Sohan Singh Hayreh, M. Bridget Zimmerman,
... of visual outcome in central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).Cohort study.At entry, 244 consecutive patients (260 eyes) with CRAO (seen consecutively from 1973 to 2000) had a detailed ocular and medical history and ocular evaluation. CRAO eyes were classified into four categories: non-arteritic (NA) CRAO (171 eyes), NA-CRAO with cilioretinal artery sparing (35), transient NA-CRAO (41), and arteritic CRAO (13).Within 7 days of onset of CRAO, initial visual acuity differed among the four CRAO types (P < .0001). In eyes with vision of ...
Tópico(s): Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
2005 - Elsevier BV | American Journal of Ophthalmology
Takako Nakagawa, Akira Hirata, Nobuhiro Inoue, Yoichiro Hashimoto, Hidenobu Tanihara,
Sir, Central retinal artery obstruction (CRAO) is a severe ocular disease with poor prognosis. It is usually caused by an embolus derived from atheromatous plaque in the ... patients. Here, we present a patient with bilateral CRAO probably caused by paradoxical embolism through a patent ... 20 in the left eye. A diagnosis of CRAO was made, based on the existence of a ... motion in the left eye. Fluorescein angiography showed CRAO in the left eye (Fig. 1B). The left ... were performed according to standard screening protocols for CRAO and included blood pressure, haemogram, blood chemistry, MRI, ...
Tópico(s): Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
2004 - Wiley | Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica
... BRVO), 260 eyes with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), 151 eyes with branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) ... or improved in 85%. In various types of CRAO there are significant differences in both initial and final VA and VF defects. In CRAO eyes seen within 7 days of onset and ... VA improved in 82% with transient non-arteritic CRAO, 67% with non-arteritic CRAO with cilioretinal artery sparing, 22% with non-arteritic CRAO. Central VF improved in 39% of transient non-arteritic CRAO, 25% of non-arteritic CRAO with cilioretinal artery ...
Tópico(s): Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
2014 - Elsevier BV | Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
Sang Jun Park, Nam‐Kyong Choi, Kyung Seo, Kyu Hyung Park, Se Joon Woo,
... demographics of clinically diagnosed central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in Korea. Design Nationwide population-based retrospective study ... health claims database to identify patients diagnosed with CRAO. Incident cases were those with no claims related to CRAO in 2007 and were included once on the earliest claims related to CRAO in the years 2008 to 2011. Incident cases ... to 4 years. The average incidence rate of CRAO was estimated according to the entire Korean population. ... The person-time incidence rates of clinically diagnosed CRAO in Korea, including the age- and sex-specific ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
2014 - Elsevier BV | Ophthalmology
Sang Jun Park, Kyu Hyung Park, Se Joon Woo,
... demographics of clinically diagnosed central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in Korea. Design: Nationwide population-based retrospective study ... health claims database to identify patients diagnosed with CRAO. Incident cases were those with no claims related to CRAO in 2007 and were included once on the earliest claims related to CRAO in the years 2008 to 2011. Incident cases ... to 4 years. The average incidence rate of CRAO was estimated according to the entire Korean population. ... The person-time incidence rates of clinically diagnosed CRAO in Korea, including the ageand sex-specific incidence ...
Tópico(s): Vasculitis and related conditions
2014 - Cadmus Press | Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
Josep Callizo, Nicolas Feltgen, Stefanie Pantenburg, Armin Wolf, Aljoscha S. Neubauer, Bernhard Jurklies, Rolf Wachter, Claudia Schmoor, Martin Schumacher, Bernd Junker, Amelie Pielen,
... in patients with nonarteritic central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in a well-defined and homogenous group of ... trial. Participants Seventy-seven EAGLE patients with nonarteritic CRAO. Methods Analysis of vascular risk factors and underlying ... 5 of those within 4 weeks after the CRAO occurred. Arterial hypertension was found in 56 (73%) ... risk factors were found in 78% of all CRAO patients. The most meaningful risk factor was ipsilateral ... prompt diagnostic work-up is mandatory for all CRAO patients. To analyze the underlying risk factors in ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Diseases and Treatments
2015 - Elsevier BV | Ophthalmology
Robert A. Egan, Renee Van Stavern,
... Statement The management of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is controversial due to lack of large-scale ... recovery with LIF than without this therapy. Reasoning CRAO is the ophthalmic equivalent of a hemispheric stroke ... history suggests that 80% of eyes affected by CRAO suffer a final visual acuity of counting fingers or worse (2, 3). Patients who suffer a CRAO also are at increased risk for hemispheric stroke. ... than no intervention (4). Because the pathophysiology of CRAO is akin to that of hemispheric stroke, an ...
Tópico(s): Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects
2015 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology
Sang Jun Park, Nam‐Kyong Choi, Bo Ram Yang, Kyu Hyung Park, Joongyub Lee, Sun‐Young Jung, Se Joon Woo,
... in patients with incident central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Design A self-controlled case series (SCCS) study. Participants Patients with incident CRAO from the entire Korean population of 48 million ... 2011) for analyses. After identifying patients with incident CRAO, the relative incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for stroke ... risk periods. Results Of 1655 patients with incident CRAO in 2009–2010, 165 had stroke/AMI (ischemic ... 365 days before and after the occurrence of CRAO. The IRR of stroke/AMI 1 to 30 ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
2015 - Elsevier BV | Ophthalmology
... C) En face 2-D topography of "complete" CRAO with minimal residual flow; the reversed compartmental order ( ... polar penumbra" in superficial inner retina after "partial" CRAO coalesces with penumbra obscura; middle-retinal compartments are ... inner retina, is unsurprisingly "silenced" by CRA occlusion (CRAO) apart, that is, from a residual b-wave ... or "Ganzfeld" stimulation (averaging 41% of the pre-CRAO amplitude) in comparison with non-Ganzfeld stimulation (≈10%). ... a substantial area of the retinal periphery during CRAO. Moreover, on unclamping the CRA after, say, an ...
Tópico(s): Glaucoma and retinal disorders
2016 - Medknow | Neural Regeneration Research
Hongxia Gong, Qiuying Song, Lanhui Wang,
... FFA) in patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). A total of 63 patients were diagnosed with CRAO by FFA. The visual dysfunction was classified into ... associations of age, gender and disease course with CRAO type were analyzed. Three types of manifestations were ... 22 cases) and mixed types (23 cases) of CRAO. No significant difference was found in age (F= ... P=0.984) among the three types of CRAO. Similarly, no significant difference was found in gender among the three types of CRAO (χ2=0.176, P=0.916). The damage ...
Tópico(s): Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
2016 - Spandidos Publishing | Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Catherine O. Hudson, Hélène Turcotte, Michel Laviolette, G Carrier, Louis-Philippe Boulet,
... of airflow obstruction, paired for age and gender (CRAO, FEV1 > 80% of predicted). Results Mean duration of ... for IRAO patients and 17.7 for the CRAO group and mean baseline FEV1 was 48.6 ± ... severe airflow obstruction and hyperinflation than those with CRAO, while lung compliance and CO diffusion were similar. ... higher doses of inhaled corticosteroids than those with CRAO. Patients with IRAO had slightly increased airway wall thickness on high resolution chest tomography compared with CRAO. Baseline FEV1, however, was not correlated with the ...
Tópico(s): Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
1997 - Elsevier BV | Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology
Nicole Eter, Martin Schumacher,
... To find indications for intra-arterial fibrinolysis of CRAO. Method: A total of 46 patients with CRAO were treated with intra-arterial fibrinolysis (IF) using a microcatheter. The signs of CRAO were allotted to three different stages: I. incomplete CRAO; II. subtotal CRAO; III: CRAO with choroidal hypoperfusion (or with choroidal infarction). Results: ... hours. Taking into account the different stages of CRAO, it is obvious that patients with fewer retinal ... who showed marked improvement after IF had incomplete CRAO. Conclusions: Therapy with IF has a beneficial effect ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
1998 - Taylor & Francis | Neuro-Ophthalmology
... the first description of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) by von Graefe1 in 1859, a host of ... on local fibrinolysis treatment in 46 eyes with CRAO of 3 to 50 (14 ± 10) hours' duration ... study claiming beneficial effects for fibrinolysis therapy in CRAO, one has to consider basic issues, including those ... treatment fluorescein fundus angiography was done to document CRAO, the amount of residual retinal circulation (almost invariably ... Initial Acuity Artifacts. It is not uncommon in CRAO and BRAO to find that the visual acuity ...
Tópico(s): Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
1999 - Elsevier BV | Ophthalmology
... features, and management of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) are discussed. CRAO consists of the following four distinct clinical entities: non-arteritic CRAO (NA-CRAO), transient NA-CRAO, NA-CRAO with cilioretinal artery sparing, and arteritic CRAO. Clinical characteristics, visual outcome, and management very much depend upon the type of CRAO. Contrary to the prevalent belief, spontaneous improvement in ... P < 0.001) among the four types of CRAO; among them, in eyes with initial visual acuity ...
Tópico(s): Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects
2018 - Medknow | Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Kevin D. Chodnicki, José S. Pulido, David O. Hodge, James P. Klaas, John J. Chen,
... around the time of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Patients and Methods Patients at Mayo Clinic sites with a diagnosis code of CRAO from January 1, 2001, through September 9, 2016, were reviewed. New CRAOs were confirmed, and ischemic stroke, TIA, and amaurosis ... were tallied within 15 days before and after CRAO. Results Three hundred patients with CRAO were included in the study cohort. The median age at the time of CRAO was 72 years (range, 19-100 years), and ... had symptomatic ischemic stroke around the time of CRAO, with 7 strokes (2.3%) occurring 15 days ...
Tópico(s): Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects
2019 - Elsevier BV | Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Brian Mac Grory, Patrick Lavin, Howard S. Kirshner, Matthew Schrag,
... 2019: Ahead of Print Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) causes an interruption of blood flow to the ... in the acute onset of retinal tissue dysfunction. CRAO (along with branch retinal artery occlusion and ophthalmic ... visual field is a small peripheral island.3 CRAO affects men and women equally (2 cases per ... of this review.The optimal acute treatment of CRAO is controversial. A variety of therapies have been ... the ophthalmological literature argues that most emboli in CRAO are cholesterol or calcium (Figure 2B) and therefore ...
Tópico(s): Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
2019 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Stroke
Yong Hoon Kim, Kyu Hyung Park, Se Joon Woo,
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular vascular occlusive disease with very poor prognosis.In previous studies, Varma et al. [1] reported that only ... patients with spontaneous reperfusion experienced meaningful vision recovery.CRAO is the ocular analogue of cerebral stroke.The ... peripheral vascular, and cerebrovascular disease are present in CRAO, and these must be actively evaluated to prevent further medical comorbidities [2].Effective treatment of CRAO must target acute Purpose: To investigate the clinical ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
2019 - Korean Ophthalmological Society | Korean Journal of Ophthalmology
Aditya Uppuluri, Tian Xia, Marco A. Zarbin, Neelakshi Bhagat,
... of vision associated with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) can be devastating, especially in young patients. The ... vasculitis, and perioperative factors in young patients with CRAO.1Brown GC Magargal LE Shields JA Goldberg RE ... to evaluate systemic and ocular comorbidities associated with CRAO in young patients. This study was performed using ... 45 years with an admitting diagnosis of acute CRAO, and controls, matched by age and sex, were ... occlusion. The average age of subjects in the CRAO and non-CRAO cohorts was 37.3 and ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
2020 - Elsevier BV | Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology
Ogugua Ndubuisi Okonkwo, Chineze Thelma Agweye, Toyin Akanbi,
Nonarteritic central retinal artery occlusion (NA-CRAO) is a variant of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and is a cause of sudden severe loss of vision. There are guidelines by ... the American Stroke Association for the care of CRAO patients. This review explores the basis of retinal neuroprotection for CRAO and its potential for improving the outcome of NA-CRAO. Recently, there have been significant advances in research ... after AIS offers hope for retinal neuroprotection after CRAO; and a possibility of extrapolating research findings from ...
Tópico(s): Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
2023 - Dove Medical Press | Clinical ophthalmology
Rubble Mangla, Ramesh Venkatesh, Rohini Sangoram, Isha Acharya, Yash Parmar, Vishma Prabhu, Naresh Kumar Yadav, Jay Chhablani,
... in eyes with acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) of different severity and at different disease stages. Methods The study included acute CRAO cases of < 7 days duration, imaged on OCT ... were 39 eyes from 38 patients with acute CRAO who underwent 96 OCT scans. At presentation, the ... and 12 cases of mild, moderate, and severe CRAO, respectively. Middle retinal layer opacification was more common in mild CRAO cases, which caused inner retinal layer thinning over time. Moderate CRAO cases had total inner retinal layer opacification, which ...
Tópico(s): Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects
2023 - BioMed Central | International Journal of Retina and Vitreous
Radosław Dziedzic, Lech Zaręba, Teresa Iwaniec, Agnieszka Kubicka‐Trząska, Bożena Romanowska‐Dixon, Stanisława Bazan‐Socha, Jerzy Dropiński,
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a common cause of blindness and visual morbidity. In the majority of cases, it is related to thrombotic embolism. ... of inherited or acquired thrombophilic risk factors in CRAO pathogenesis has not been comprehensively studied.In 126 CRAO patients (66 [52.4%] men, median age 55 [ ... and hypercholesterolemia were the most common in the CRAO group and occurred in 103 (81.7%) and 85 (67.5%) patients, respectively. CRAO patients also had elevated IMT and altered echocardiographic ...
Tópico(s): Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
2023 - BioMed Central | Thrombosis Journal
Ting Chen, Yuedan Wang, Xuejie Li, Jiaqing Feng, Hongxia Yang, Ying Li, Hui Feng, Xuan Xiao,
... estimate the association between central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), ... clinical characteristics, blood markers, and the contribution of CRAO to MACCE, as well as to assess any ... This retrospective cohort study included continuous new-onset CRAO patients and 1:4 controls during the same period. Correlations of CRAO with the incidence of MACCE during follow-up ... differences were studied. One hundred and twenty-four CRAO patients and four hundred and ninety-six controls ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
2023 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
... particularly interested in the central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) part, as our Hyperbaric Oxygen therapy for central ... round-the-clock hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for CRAO cases even during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.[2] COVID-19-related CRAO is postulated to be a result of predisposition ... stroke. As an update, bilateral COVID-19-related CRAO cases were reported.[3] By reviewing the literature, we can actually classify the COVID-19-related CRAO cases into two groups according to the presence ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Diseases and Treatments
2021 - Medknow | Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Jongshin Kim, Seong Jun Byun, Se Joon Woo, Kyu Hyung Park, Sang Jun Park,
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is associated with and shares common risk factors with cardiovascular diseases. Over the past several decades, the incidence rates of ... However, little is known regarding current trends in CRAO incidence rates.To estimate trends in the incidence rates of CRAO in Korea.This nationwide population-based cohort study ... 2002, to December 31, 2015. Individuals with incident CRAO between 2002 and 2015 were identified using the CRAO diagnostic code (H34.1) from the International Classification ...
Tópico(s): Vasculitis and related conditions
2021 - American Medical Association | JAMA Ophthalmology
Joanna Roskal-Wałek, Paweł Wałek, Michał Biskup, Dominik Odrobina, Jerzy Mackiewicz, Stanisław Głuszek, Beata Wożakowska−Kapłon,
... RAO subtypes such as central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) or branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) carry similar ... whether the risk of cardiovascular events differs between CRAO and BRAO. Methods: This single-center, retrospective study ... hospitalized in our clinic in 2010–2020 with CRAO or BRAO confirmed by ophthalmic examination. Data on ... of patients after RAO: 10.6% in the CRAO group and 8.1% in the BRAO group ( ... of patients after RAO: 2.1% in the CRAO group and 2.7% in the BRAO group ( ... of patients after RAO: 25.5% in the CRAO group and 16.2% in the BRAO group ( ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Imaging and Analysis
2021 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Journal of Clinical Medicine
Wesley Chan, Alexis Flowers, Benjamin I. Meyer, Bonnie Bruce, Nancy J. Newman, Valérie Biousse,
Acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an emergency with poor visual outcome. Intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5 h of vision loss is safe and may improve ... delays in presentation. We describe a subgroup of CRAO patients presenting within 24 h of vision loss ... comprehensive stroke center.Retrospective review of 181 consecutive CRAO patients seen at our institution from 2010 to 2020.Out of 181 CRAO patients, 62 (34%) presented within 24 h of ... work-up at outside institutions. Conservative treatments for CRAO were administered to 20/181 patients, and only ...
Tópico(s): Intraoperative Neuromonitoring and Anesthetic Effects
2021 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases