Baishnab C. Tripathy, Constantin A. Rebeiz,
... that barley (Hordeum vulgare), a dark monovinyl/light divinyl plant species, and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) a dark divinyl/light divinyl plant species synthesize monovinyl and divinyl protochlorophyllide in darkness from monovinyl and divinyl protoporphyrin IX via two distinct monovinyl and divinyl monocarboxylic chlorophyll biosynthetic routes. Evidence for the operation ... cucumber etiochloroplasts. Likewise, evidence for the operation of divinyl monocarboxylic chlorophyll biosynthetic routes consisted (a) in demonstrating ...
Tópico(s): Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
1986 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Baishnab C. Tripathy, Constantin A. Rebeiz,
... of the chlorophyll a is formed via the divinyl and monovinyl chlorophyll monocarboxylic biosynthetic routes. These two ... vulgare L. cv Morex), a dark monovinyl-light divinyl plant species, but not in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv Beit Alpha MR), a dark divinyl-light divinyl plant species (BC Tripathy, CA Rebeiz, 1986 J ... It is shown that in dark monovinyl-light divinyl plant species such as barley, the divinyl and monovinyl monocarboxylic routes become interconnected at the level of protochlorophyllide during transition from the divinyl to the monovinyl protochlorophyllide biosynthetic mode. In cucumber, ...
Tópico(s): Algal biology and biofuel production
1988 - Oxford University Press | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Karl L. Habermas, Scott E. Denmark, Todd K. Jones,
... 2‐cyclopentenones actually proceeds via the α,α′‐divinyl ketones. This fact, together with further mechanistic clarification, ... Nazarov cyclization as the acid‐catalyzed closure of divinyl ketones to 2‐cyclopentenones. This process was already ... 1955. Other examples of acid‐catalyzed cyclizations of divinyl ketones exist in the early literature, as do reactions which must have proceeded via divinyl ketones. A broader definition of the Nazarov cyclization ... specific reaction conditions also produce 2‐cyclopentenones via divinyl ketones or their functional equivalents. A case in ...
Tópico(s): Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
1994 - American Chemical Society | Organic reactions
Ken Hosoya, Yoko Kageyama, Kazuhiro Kimata, Takeo Araki, Nobuo Tanaka, Jean M. J. Fr�chet,
... typical two-step swelling and polymerization method utilizing divinyl succinate or divinyl adipate as well as ethylene dimethacrylate as crosslinking ... slightly nonspherical shape were obtained by homopolymerization of divinyl succinate in cyclohexanol as porogen. BET measurements indicated that the beads prepared by homopolymerization of divinyl succinate and copolymerization of divinyl succinate with vinyl p-tert-butylbenzoate, as well ... large specific surface area. In contrast, copolymerization of divinyl succinate with methyl methacrylate afforded beads having a ...
Tópico(s): Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
1996 - Wiley | Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry
... monomethylester, protochlorophyllide, and chlorophyllide occur as monovinyl and divinyl forms. The pool of monovinyl and divinyl intermediates differ according to species, age of tissue, ... In this study, we investigated the monovinyl and divinyl characteristics of protochlorophyllide and chlorophyllide in the purple ... bchL mutants), accumulate a pool of monovinyl and divinyl forms of protochlorophyllide just as observed in plants. ... gene cluster, affected the ratio of monovinyl and divinyl protochlorophyllide. Specifically, bchJ-disrupted strains accumulate reduced levels ...
Tópico(s): Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
1995 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
... oxide and Fe magnetic nanoparticles entrapped within poly(divinyl benzene) or carbon composite microspheres for various biomedical ... obstacles. For this purpose, core–shell polystyrene/(poly(divinyl benzene)/ferrocene) and polystyrene/(poly(divinyl benzene–styrene)/ferrocene) micrometre-sized particles of narrow ... as toluene containing the monomers styrene and/or divinyl benzene, and the initiators azoisobutyronitrile and ferrocene. The ... polymerized at elevated temperature. Superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic poly(divinyl benzene)–Fe3O4 and poly(styrene–divinyl benzene)–Fe3O4 ...
Tópico(s): Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization
2012 - Royal Society of Chemistry | Journal of Materials Chemistry
Emanuel Vogel, Karl‐Heinz Ott, Kurt Gajek,
... In der homologen Reihe der cis ‐1.2‐Divinyl‐cycloalkane (I) besteht ein qualitativer Zusammenhang zwischen der ... und der Baeyer ‐Spannung. Während cis ‐1.2‐Divinyl‐cyclopropan sich schon unter seinen Bildungsbedingungen zum Cycloheptadien‐(1.4) isomerisiert, unterliegt cis ‐1.2‐Divinyl‐cyclobutan erst bei 120° der Umlagerung in die entsprechende Achtring‐Verbindung. cis ‐1.2‐Divinyl‐cyclopentan erfährt selbst bei 250° noch keine Veränderung. ... trans ‐Gleichgewichtes. Im Falle des cis ‐1.2‐Divinyl‐cyclopentans und des cis ‐1.2‐Divinyl‐cyclohexans ...
Tópico(s): biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
1961 - Wiley | Justus Liebig s Annalen der Chemie
... Kraay et 1986a)1 as phytoplankton community, with divinyl chlorophyll a being well as the recently-described ... orders of magnitude less abundant at all unique, ~divinyl~ forms of both chlorophyll a and b stations ... b, often more than twice as much as divinyl chlorophyll a, sugthese ~ i c o ~ l a ... 1992, Urbach et 1992), They are widely distributed divinyl chlorophyll a per cell also mcreased dramat~cally ... relation to both total chlorophyll a and non-divinyl the ~ ~ d i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ( ~ i & wood 1988, olson et ... 1993), while others have shown more ton . Chlorophyll . Divinyl . Carotenoid . Flow cytometry uniform vertical distributions of prochlorophytes ...
Tópico(s): Marine Biology and Ecology Research
1994 - Inter-Research | Marine Ecology Progress Series
Vladimir L. Kolossov, Constantin A. Rebeiz,
... phase of the photoperiod, in dark-monovinyl-light divinyl-light-dark monovinyl plants such as barley, as well as in dark-divinyl-light divinyl-light-dark divinyl plants such as cucumber. The carboxylic Chl biosynthetic ... biosynthetic routes are presented for dark-monovinyl-light divinyl-light-dark monovinyl plants such as barley, and dark-divinyl-light divinyl-light-dark divinyl plants such as cucumber.
Tópico(s): Plant Gene Expression Analysis
2010 - Springer Nature (Netherlands) | Advances in photosynthesis and respiration
Kei Minamizaki, Tadashi Mizoguchi, Takeaki Goto, Hitoshi Tamiaki, Yuichi Fujita,
... at 595 nm, which was identified 3,8-divinyl MPE by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ... conditions. In addition, the accumulation of 3,8-divinyl MPE in the ΔchlA mutants suggested that the ... at 595 nm, which was identified 3,8-divinyl MPE by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ... conditions. In addition, the accumulation of 3,8-divinyl MPE in the ΔchlA mutants suggested that the ... protoporphyrin IX monomethylester (MPE) to form 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide (Pchlide). The E-ring formation causes a ...
Tópico(s): Protist diversity and phylogeny
2007 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Zhongbao Jian, Stefan Mecking,
Copolymerization of ethylene and divinyl formal by [{κ2-P,O-(2-MeOC6H4)2PC6H4SO3}PdMe(dmso)] (1) by a coordination–insertion mechanism affords highly linear polyethylenes with a high (12.5 mol %) incorporation of divinyl formal. This significantly exceeds the thus far relatively ... ether monomer in insertion polymerization. The resulting ethylene–divinyl formal copolymers exclusively (>98%) contain five-membered (trans- ... conditions consecutive 2,1–1,2-insertion of divinyl formal into a Pd–H bond is preferred, ...
Tópico(s): Synthetic Organic Chemistry Methods
2016 - American Chemical Society | Macromolecules
J.S. Kim, Vladimir L. Kolossov, Constantin A. Rebeiz,
... formed via two biosynthetic routes, namely the carboxylic divinyl and monovinyl chlorophyll biosynthetic routes. These two routes are linked by (4-vinyl) reductases that convert divinyl tetrapyrroles to monovinyl tetrapyrroles by reduction of the ... isolation, results in partial inactivation of the carboxylic divinyl route. Investigations with subplastidic fractions revealed that the carboxylic divinyl and monovinyl biosynthetic routes were regulated by a ... active in isolated plastid membranes, activation of the divinyl biosynthetic route required the joint presence of plastid ...
Tópico(s): Light effects on plants
1997 - Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences | Photosynthetica
... Ranunculus acris L.). The main product was a divinyl ether fatty acid, which was identified as 12‐[ ... linolenic acid almost completely suppressed formation of the divinyl ether acid and resulted in the appearance of ... acid served as an efficient precursor of the divinyl ether fatty acid, indicated that divinyl ether biosynthesis in leaves of R. acris occurred ... step pathway involving an ω6‐lipoxygenase and a divinyl ether synthase. Incubations of isomeric hydroperoxides derived from ... 11( E )‐octadecadienoic acid was transformed into the divinyl ether 12‐[1′( Z )‐hexenyloxy]‐9( Z ), 11( ...
Tópico(s): Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
1998 - Wiley | Lipids
Hiroshi Uyama, Shigeru Yaguchi, Shiro Kobayashi,
Lipase-catalyzed polymerization of dicarboxylic acid–divinyl esters with glycols has been performed. The vinyl esters used were divinyl adipate and divinyl sebacate. Lipases derived from Candida antarctica, Mucor miehei, ... enzyme amount were systematically investigated. A combination of divinyl adipate, 1,4-butanediol, and P. cepacia lipase ... 1 × 104). The yield of the polymer from divinyl sebacate was higher than that from divinyl adipate, whereas the opposite tendency was observed in ... affected the polymerization behavior. The enzymatic polymerization of divinyl sebacate with cis-2-butene-1,4-diol ...
Tópico(s): Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
1999 - Wiley | Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry
Constantin A. Rebeiz, A. Montazer-Zouhoor, Joseph M. Mayasich, Baishnab C. Tripathy, Shiming Wu, Carole C. Rebeiz, Herbert Friedmann,
... recently become apparent that susceptible plant species are divinyl or monovinyl dicotyledonous plants, while monovinyl mono‐cotyledonous ... monovinyl plant species accumulate mainly monovinyl tetrapyrroles, while divinyl plants accumulate mainly divinyl tetrapyrroles (see Reference 43 of this article). When divinyl plant species are induced to accumulate large amounts of divinyl tetrapyrroles or lesser amounts of monovinyl tetrapyrroles, they ... appear to evade destruction by conversion of the divinyl tetrapyrroles to monovinyl tetrapyrroles. The latter are then ...
Tópico(s): Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
1988 - Taylor & Francis | Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences
Jianxia Chen, Mark D. Soucek, William J. Simonsick, Recep W. Celikay,
... epoxidized linseed oil was formulated with three different divinyl ether reactive diluent. The effect of divinyl ether concentration and types of divinyl ether on the curing reaction was investigated. It ... higher than epoxidized linseed oil. The incorporation of divinyl ethers increased the curing rate and overall conversion of the epoxide groups. Of the three divinyl ethers used, coating with triethyleneglycol divinyl ether showed the highest curing rate and coating with cyclohexane dimethanol divinyl ether showed the lowest curing rate.
Tópico(s): Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
2002 - Elsevier BV | Polymer
Nava Shpaisman, Shlomo Margel,
... by the following sequential steps: (1) Polystyrene/poly(divinyl benzene) and polystyrene/poly(styrene‐divinyl benzene) uniform micrometer‐sized composite particles were prepared ... emulsion droplets of dibutyl phthalate containing the monomers divinyl benzene and styrene and the initiator benzoyl peroxide. ... the temperature to 73°C; (2) Porous poly (divinyl benzene) and poly(styrene‐divinyl benzene) uniform crosslinked microspheres were prepared by dissolution ... the former composite particles; (3) Uniform magnetic poly(divinyl benzene)/Fe and poly(styrene‐divinyl benzene)/Fe ...
Tópico(s): Synthesis and properties of polymers
2007 - Wiley | Journal of Applied Polymer Science
... were performed with preparations of plant tissues containing divinyl ether synthases. In agreement with previous studies, generation ... 7–8%), and, as expected, biosynthesis of these divinyl ethers from the corresponding 14( S )‐deuterated hydroperoxide ... retention, respectively. The experiments demonstrated that biosynthesis of divinyl ether fatty acids from linoleic acid 9‐ and ... of which hydroperoxide regioisomer served as the substrate, divinyl ether synthases abstracting the pro‐R hydrogen generated ...
Tópico(s): Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
2005 - Wiley | FEBS Journal
Cornelia Göbel, Ivo Feußner, Axel Schmidt, Dierk Scheel, José Juan Sánchez‐Serrano, Mats Hámberg, Sabine Rosahl,
... 9-lipoxygenase pathway, including the enzymes hydroperoxide reductase, divinyl ether synthase, and epoxy alcohol synthase, is preferentially ... 9-lipoxygenase pathway, including the enzymes hydroperoxide reductase, divinyl ether synthase, and epoxy alcohol synthase, is preferentially ... Scopus (260) Google Scholar), whereas the activity of divinyl ether synthase (DES) leads to formation of vinyl ... has been suggested for the 9-LOX-derived divinyl ethers colneleic and colnelenic acids. This was based ... products of the LOX pathway apart from the divinyl ethers (5Weber H. Chételat A. Caldelari D. Farmer ...
Tópico(s): Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
2001 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
... linoleic acid and 9-hydroperoxy linolenic acid yielded divinyl ether fatty acids (colneleic acid and colnelenic acid, ... the first identification of a cDNA encoding a divinyl ether synthase and establishment of the enzyme as ... blot analysis revealed the existence of a single divinyl ether synthase gene located on chromosome one of ... root tissue was the major site of both divinyl ether synthase mRNA accumulation and enzyme activity. These results indicate that developmental expression of the divinyl ether synthase gene is an important determinant of ...
Tópico(s): Plant Parasitism and Resistance
2001 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Anna V. Ogorodnikova, Fakhima K. Mukhitova, Alexander N. Grechkin,
... via the sequential action of 13-lipoxygenase and divinyl ether synthase (DES) or allene oxide synthase (AOS). ... which is very uncommon in flowering plants. Separate divinyl ethers were purified after micro-preparative incubations of ... allowed us to identify all geometric isomers of divinyl ethers. Linoleic acid was converted to divinyl ethers etheroleic acid, (11Z)-etheroleic acid and a ... acid. With α-linolenate precursor, the specificity of divinyl ether biosynthesis was distinct. Etherolenic and (ω5Z)-etherolenic ...
Tópico(s): Plant and animal studies
2015 - Elsevier BV | Phytochemistry
L. Ya. Tsarik, O. N. Novikov, V.V. Magdinets,
... molecular structures produced in free radical copolymerization of divinyl monomers (divinyl ethers of diethylene glycol and hydroquinone, divinyl sulfide, p-divinylbenzene, etc.) with maleic and fumaric ... network structures of copolymers is reactivity of the divinyl monomer in copolymerization with monovinyl monomer. The network of copolymers of maleic anhydride with the divinyl ether of hydroquinone is formed out of oligomer microgels. Divinyl sulfide in copolymerization with maleic acid is disposed ...
Tópico(s): Photopolymerization techniques and applications
1998 - Wiley | Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry
Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, E. F. Brookman,
... styrene, before polymerization, of small quantities of p -divinyl-benzene. This insolubility he explains by suggesting the formation of cross-linkages of divinyl-benzene between the long thread-like molecules of ... high molecular weight. By using increasing proportions of divinyl-benzene Staudinger obtained a series of polymers which ... ducts. He considers that the cross-linkages of divinyl-benzene prevent the dispersion of the substance throughout ... are present, i. e. when the concentration of divinyl-benzene is low, the polymer will have a ...
Tópico(s): Various Chemistry Research Topics
1937 - Royal Society | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Abstract Divinyl phenylphosphonate and divinyl methylphosphonate have been synthesized using modifications of the method of Gefter and Kabachnik. In contrast to the results reported by ... model compounds, this technique has shown that poly(divinyl phenylphosphonate) contains both five- and six-membered ring ... depend upon the method of polymerization, whereas poly (divinyl methylphosphonate) produced under a variety of conditions contains ... to determine the ring size in cyclopolymers from divinyl phosphonates by direct analysis of the polymers.
Tópico(s): Phosphorus compounds and reactions
1975 - Marcel Dekker | Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A - Chemistry
Б. А. Трофимов, С. В. Амосова,
... synthesis, reactions, structure, and physico-chemical properties of divinyl sulfide and its derivatives, new promising monomers, cross- ... salts of thioacids) in superbasic media, leading to divinyl sulfide and derivatives thereof are discussed. The process for preparing divinyl sulfide from acetylene and hydrogen sulfide, which has ... central theme of this review. The polymerizaton of divinyl sulfide and the properties and application of its ... is presented in context with the chemistry of divinyl sulfide homologs and analogs.
Tópico(s): Sulfur-Based Synthesis Techniques
1984 - Taylor & Francis | Sulfur Reports
Md. Saifur Rahman, Tamotsu Hashimoto, Toshiyuki Kodaira,
Abstract The cationic polymerization of two new divinyl ethers, 1‐(2‐vinyloxyethoxy)‐2‐[(2‐vinyloxyethoxy)carbonyl]benzene ( 2 ) and 1,2‐bis[(2‐vinyloxyethoxy)carbonyl]benzene ( 3 ), as well as 1, ... the HCl/ZnCl 2 ‐mediated polymers from the divinyl ethers showed that poly( 1 ) had virtually no ... 31 mol % at an 18% monomer conversion. Therefore, divinyl ether 1 underwent cyclopolymerization exclusively to give almost ... cyclized polymers [degree of cyclization (DC) ∼ 100%], whereas divinyl ethers 2 and 3 exhibited a lower cyclopolymerization ...
Tópico(s): Carbon dioxide utilization in catalysis
2002 - Wiley | Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry
... liquid radiochromatography demonstrated the formation of a new divinyl ether FA, i.e., 12‐[1′( E ), 3′( ... previously identified in terrestrial Ranunculus plants. The same divinyl ethers were formed upon incubation of 13( S )‐ ... 15( Z )‐octadecatrienoic acid, was not converted into divinyl ethers in R. lingua or R. peltatus . Incubation ... 9( Z ), 11( E )‐octadecadienoic acid produced the divinyl ether 12‐[1′( E )‐hexenyloxy]‐9( Z ), 11( ... in R. lingua and R. peltatus of a divinyl ether synthase distinct from those previously encountered in ...
Tópico(s): Botanical Research and Chemistry
2002 - Wiley | Lipids
Pingrong Wang, Jiaxu Gao, Chunmei Wan, Fantao Zhang, Zhengjun Xu, Huang Xiaoqun, Xiao-Qiu SUN, Xiaojian Deng,
Abstract 3,8-Divinyl (proto)chlorophyll(ide) a 8-vinyl reductase (DVR) catalyzes the reduction of 8-vinyl group on the tetrapyrrole to ... analysis of Chls indicated the mutant accumulates only divinyl Chl a and b. A recombinant protein encoded ... coli and found to catalyze the conversion of divinyl chlorophyll(ide) a to monovinyl chlorophyll(ide) a. ... more importantly, confirmed the DVR activity to convert divinyl Chl a to monovinyl Chl a.
Tópico(s): Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
2010 - Oxford University Press | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Lennart Eschen‐Lippold, Grit Rothe, Michael Stumpe, Cornelia Göbel, Ivo Feußner, Sabine Rosahl,
... pathogen infection leads to the formation of the divinyl ether-containing polyunsaturated fatty acids colneleic and colnelenic ... fatty acids. To functionally assess the role of divinyl ethers, transgenic potato plants were generated which express ... interference construct directed against the pathogen-inducible 9-divinyl ether synthase. Efficient reduction of 9-divinyl ether synthase transcript accumulation correlated with reduced levels ... be detected suggesting that the levels of antimicrobial divinyl ethers are not critical for defense against Phytophthora ...
Tópico(s): Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
2007 - Elsevier BV | Phytochemistry
Huanyu Wei, Tai Yeon Lee, Wujian Miao, Ryan C. Fortenberry, David H. Magers, Sukhendu Hait, Allan Guymon, Sonny Jönsson, Charles E. Hoyle,
... complete characterization of the electron density distribution of divinyl fumarate and its effect on various properties has ... that is, the vinyl ester double bonds of divinyl fumarate are more electron rich and the fumarate ... density distribution greatly influences the copolymerization behavior of divinyl fumarate. Divinyl fumarate also acts as both a monomer and ... electron density deficiency of the fumarate group on divinyl fumarate compared to its saturated analogue, diethyl fumarate, ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
2007 - American Chemical Society | Macromolecules