Springer Link
... surviving 48 hr after topical doses of dieldrin, endosulfan or permethrin which killed 15% or 30% during ... surviving 48 hr after exposure to dieldrin and endosulfan were subject to further mortality which reached 70%— ... occurred more frequently in pairs including dieldrin or endosulfan‐dosed males. This premature separation may impede insemination ... with mating in flies exposed to dieldrin and endosulfan in these experiments is attributed mainly to enforced ... to a low dose, compared with dieldrin or endosulfan. It is suggested that the intrinsic toxicity of ...
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
1978 - Wiley | Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
Asad Ali, N Bakry, M. A. Abdellatif, S. K. El‐Sawaf,
... of the 13 insecticides (allethrin, cidial, dimethoate, dioxathion, endosulfan, endosulfan‐fenitrothion, ethion, Fac, imidan, imidan‐endosulfan, pyrethrins, toxaphene, trichlorfon) mixed with the artificial diet ... 6 months are: 25 for trichlorfon, 35 for endosulfan, 43 for dimethoate and dioxathion, 50 for endosulfan‐fenitrothion and Imidan‐endosulfan, 63 for toxaphene, 65 for allethrin and cidial, ... Toxizität von 13 Insektiziden (Allethrin, Cidial, Dimethoate, Dioxation, Endosulfan, Endosulfan‐fenitrothion, Ethion, Fac, Imidan, Imidan‐endosulfan, Pyrethrine, ...
Tópico(s): Insect Pest Control Strategies
1973 - Wiley | Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie
Raghvendra K. Dubey, M. U. Beg, Jaswant Singh,
Endosulfan (E) is an organochloric insecticide, which is quickly metabolized and eliminated from the body system. Toxic ... The influence of E and its metabolites, viz. endosulfan sulfate (ES), endosulfan diol (ED) and endosulfan lactone (EL), has been examined on rat liver mitochondria in vitro. Endosulfan stimulated state-4 respiration at lower concentrations and ... at levels which corresponded to the concentrations of endosulfan used in vitro. Both the respiratory control ratio ( ... and the ADP:O ratio fell sharply at endosulfan concentrations above 10 μg/ml. ES and ED ...
Tópico(s): Insect and Pesticide Research
1984 - Elsevier BV | Biochemical Pharmacology
Randall J. Ruch, Ronny Fransson, Sten Flodström, Lars Wärngård, James E. Klaunig,
The cyclodiene pesticides endosulfan, chlordane and heptachlor have been reported to be non-genotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogens. These three compounds and several metabolites of endosulfan (endosulfan sulfate, endosulfan ether and endosulfan lactone) were examined for their effects on gap ... was evaluated by Lucifer Yellow CH dye-coupling. Endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate inhibited rat and mouse hepatocyte GJIC in ... manner (50-200 microM) after 4 h treatment. Endosulfan ether inhibited rat hepatocyte GJIC only at 200 ...
Tópico(s): Connexins and lens biology
1990 - Oxford University Press | Carcinogenesis
Syed Naqvi, Deborah J. Newton,
Abstract The bioaccumulation potential of endosulfan was determined by constantly exposing male and female adult crayfish, Procambarus clarkii to 100 ppb ThiodanR insecticide for 8 wks. The ... exposed crayfish (100 ppb ThiodanR) were transferred to endosulfan‐free water after 8 wks, and insecticide loss ( ... metabolites detected after 8 wks were 197 ppb endosulfan II, 18 ppb endosulfan I and 3 ppb endosulfan sulfate. During the first 4 wks of depuration, endosulfan loss from crayfish tissues occurred rapidly, and only ...
Tópico(s): Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
1990 - Taylor & Francis | Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B
... catla to study the relative toxicity of technical endosulfan, its isomers, and formulations. The 96-hr LC50 ... the following order: isomer-A, 35% emulsifiable; technical endosulfan, 4% dust; and isomer-B. The principal metabolites ... liver were lactone, alcohol, sulfate, and ether of endosulfan. In kidney all except endosulfan ether were present. No metabolites were recorded in ... present. Muscle was the principal storage site of endosulfan. Endosulfan sulfate was as toxic as technical endosulfan, hence ...
Tópico(s): Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
1989 - Elsevier BV | Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
Sten Flodström, Lars Wärngård, H. G. Hemming, Ronny Fransson, Ulf G. Ahlborg,
Abstract: The cyclodiene insecticide endosulfan is structurally related to the tumour promoting pesticides chlordane and heptachlor. Divergent conclusions have been reported regarding the carcinogenic activity of endosulfan. In this study we have investigated if endosulfan and four of its metabolites possess tumour promotion ... epithelial cells. At non‐cytotoxic concentrations, technical grade endosulfan, analytical grade endosulfan (α‐ and β‐isomers and an αβ‐isomer mixture) and endosulfan‐sulfate inhibited gap junctional communication in both assay ...
Tópico(s): Insect and Pesticide Research
1988 - Wiley | Pharmacology & Toxicology
Jan Erik H. Weber, Crispin Halsall, Derek C. G. Muir, Camilla Teixeira, Jeff Small, Keith R. Solomon, Mark H. Hermanson, Hayley Hung, Terry F. Bidleman,
This review investigates the fate and behaviour of endosulfan, a current-use organochlorine pesticide, in temperate environments ... designate a substance as a persistent organic pollutant. Endosulfan is one of the most abundant OC pesticides ... Degradation of the two isomers, α- and β-endosulfan, does occur in temperate/tropical soil and aquatic ... is highly dependent on the prevailing environmental conditions. Endosulfan sulfate is the major metabolite and this recalcitrant ... mountain lake sediments, although in comparison to α-endosulfan, data for this compound in the wider environment ...
Tópico(s): Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
2009 - Elsevier BV | The Science of The Total Environment
Li Wen, Yun Dai, Beibei Xue, Yingying Li, Xiang Peng, Jingshun Zhang, Yanchun Yan,
Achromobacter xylosoxidans CS5, capable of utilizing endosulfan as the sole carbon, sulfur and energy source, was isolated from the activated sludge. Degradation of endosulfan by strain CS5 was examined by HPLC. Analysis of culture pH, cells growth, and residual endosulfan demonstrated that CS5 could degrade more than 24.8 mg/l α-endosulfan and 10.5 mg/l β-endosulfan after 8 days in aqueous medium, with the formation of endosulfan diol and endosulfan ether as the major metabolites. Cell-free extract ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2009 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Hazardous Materials
Surya Kalyani S, Jitender Sharma, Surender Singh, Prem Dureja, Lata Lata,
Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9- ... isolation of a microbial culture capable of degrading endosulfan with minimal production of endosulfan sulfate, the toxic metabolite of endosulfan, from tropical acid soil. Enrichment was achieved by ... 25 and 69.77 % of alpha and beta endosulfan, respectively in 20 days. Percentage of bioformation of endosulfan sulfate to total formation was 2.12% by ... novel strain is a valuable source of potent endosulfan-degrading enzymes for use in enzymatic bioremediation. Further, ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2009 - Taylor & Francis | Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B
Ayşe Dilek Atasoy, A. R. Mermut, Halil Kumbur, Faruk İnce, Hüdaverdi Arslan, Emel Avcı,
Endosulfan has been applied to control numerous insects in a variety of food and non-food crops. ... behavior of the alpha (alpha) and beta (beta) endosulfan in a Vertisol from the southeast region of ... the large irrigated lowlands. The alpha and beta endosulfan were adsorbed considerably and Freundlich adsorption-desorption isotherms fitted the alpha and beta endosulfan data (R(2)>0.98). Freundlich adsorption coefficients (K(f)) for the alpha endosulfan ranged between 21.63 and 16.33 while for the beta endosulfan they were between 14.01 and 17.98 ...
Tópico(s): Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
2009 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
K. R. Kranthi, M. Duff Davis, C. D. Mayee, Derek Allan Russell, Rammohan Shukla, Usha Satija, M. D. Kshirsagar, D. Shiware, S. Kranthi,
... of active ingredient in commercial insecticide formulations of endosulfan and the type-II synthetic pyrethroids, cypermethrin, deltamethrin ... albumin, BSA and keyhole limpet hemocyanin, KLH) to endosulfan-diol, 4′-hydroxy-cypermethrin and 2′-hydroxy-cypermethrin ... L) and fenvalerate (IC99: 3546 μg/L). For endosulfan, a combination of antiserum raised against endosulfan-KLH with endosulfan-BSA as the coating hapten gave the highest ... Amin: 0.05) and good competitive inhibition with endosulfan (IC99: 2378 μg/L). A novel format was ...
Tópico(s): Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
2009 - Elsevier BV | Crop Protection
Supriya Goswami, Komal Vig, Dileep Kumar Singh,
The biodegradation of endosulfan and the metabolites formed were studied using fungi both in broth culture as well as in soil microcosm. Fungal ... broth Czapek-dox medium. The strain which utilized endosulfan and showed maximum growth was selected for detailed ... shown by Aspergillus sydoni which degraded 95% of endosulfan alpha and 97% of endosulfan beta in 18 d of incubation. Soil microcosm ... out using this strain in six different treatments. Endosulfan sulfate was the main metabolite formed along with ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2009 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
In this study, the effect of endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, and the ameliorating effect of vitamin C on the livers of New Zealand white rabbits were studied. Livers of ... END) were daily given a sublethal dose of endosulfan (1mg/kgbw) in corn oil by oral gavage ... II (END+C) received the same dose of endosulfan and additionally Vit C (20mg/kgbw) every other ... gavage throughout the experiment. The concentration of alpha-endosulfan in the END group was higher in livers (0.102+/-0.012ppb) than the beta-endosulfan (0.072+/-0.001ppb). Decreased accumulation of alpha ...
Tópico(s): Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
2009 - Elsevier BV | Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology
A.J. Reviejo, José M. Pingarrón, L.M. Polo,
Hydrolysis reactions of endosulfan and endosulfan sulphate in the emulsified medium formed with ethyl acetate and a mixture of the two surfactants Hyamine 2389 and Triton X- ... studied by differential pulse polarography. Besides the heptachlor-endosulfan sulphate pair, whose peak potentials are sufficiently different ... their simultaneous determination, the organochlorine pesticide binary mixtures endosulfan-endosulfan sulphate, dieldrin-endosulfan and dieldrin-endosulfan sulphate can be determined based ...
Tópico(s): Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry
1992 - Elsevier BV | Talanta
Tara D. Sutherland, Irene Horne, R. Harcourt, R.J. Russell, John G. Oakeshott,
... of a Mycobacterium strain that metabolizes the insecticide endosulfan T.D. Sutherland, T.D. Sutherland CSIRO, Entomology, ... isolate and characterize a bacterium capable of metabolizing endosulfan. Methods and Results: A endosulfan-degrading bacterium (strain ESD) was isolated from soil ... Mycobacterium species with xenobiotic-degrading capabilities. Degradation of endosulfan by strain ESD involved both oxidative and sulfur-separation reactions. Strain ESD did not degrade endosulfan when sulfite, sulphate or methionine were present in ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2002 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Applied Microbiology
D. M. Silburn, B. W. Simpson, P. A. Hargreaves,
... planting cotton with associated herbicide applications and 2 endosulfan applications after planting. Concentrations of α, β, and total endosulfan in runoff decreased significantly with increasing cover, irrespective ... or placement (in furrow or overall). Concentrations of endosulfan sulfate, trifluralin, and DDE decreased with cover, but ... reduced 5-fold for α, β, and total endosulfan; halved for endosulfan sulfate, trifluralin, and DDE; and unchanged for prometryn. Cover had more effect on endosulfan because cover intercepted and dissipated the sprayed endosulfan, ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2002 - CSIRO Publishing | Soil Research
Spencer S. Walse, Ken D. Shimizu, John L. Ferry,
... on the oxidation and hydrolysis of the insecticide endosulfan (α and β isomers) and its degradation products: endosulfan diol, endosulfan sulfate, endosulfan ether, and endosulfan lactone in 0.001 M NaHCO3 buffer (pH ... Laponite, and SiO2 all catalyzed the hydrolysis of endosulfan to the less toxic endosulfan diol. Suspended creek sediment (Bread and Butter Creek SC, 4% OC) inhibited endosulfan hydrolysis. Heterogeneous and homogeneous rate constants of endosulfan ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2002 - American Chemical Society | Environmental Science & Technology
Tara D. Sutherland, Irene Horne, Robyn J. Russell, John G. Oakeshott,
... ESD is able to use the cyclodiene insecticide endosulfan as a source of sulfur for growth. This ... Mycobacterium - Escherichia coli shuttle vector and screened for endosulfan-degrading activity in Mycobacterium smegmatis , a species that does not degrade endosulfan. Using this method, we identified a single cosmid that conferred sulfur-dependent endosulfan-degrading activity on the host strain. An open ... expression vector, conferred sulfite- and sulfate-independent β-endosulfan degradation activity on the recombinant strain. The translation ...
Tópico(s): Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
2002 - American Society for Microbiology | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Gi-Seok Kwon, Jang‐Eok Kim, Taek-Kyum Kim, Ho-Yong Sohn, Sung‐Cheol Koh, Kee‐Sun Shin, Dong-Geol Kim,
For bioremediation of toxic endosulfan, endosulfan degradation bacteria, which do not form toxic endosulfan sulfate, were isolated from various soil samples using endosulfan as sole carbon and energy source. Among the ... physiological and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, showed superior endosulfan degradation activity. Analysis of culture pH, growth, free sulfate and endosulfan and its metabolites demonstrated that KE-1 biologically degrades 8.72 μg endosulfan ml−1 day−1 when incubated with 93. ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2002 - Oxford University Press | FEMS Microbiology Letters
Tara D. Sutherland, Kahli M. Weir, Michael J. Lacey, Irene Horne, R.J. Russell, John G. Oakeshott,
... a source of enzymes capable of degrading endosulphate (endosulfan sulphate), the toxic metabolite of the pesticide endosulfan. Methods and Results: A microbial broth culture capable of degrading endosulphate was enriched from endosulfan-contaminated soil by providing the metabolite as the ... chromatography–mass spectral analysis identified these metabolites as endosulfan monoaldehyde, 1,2,3,4,7,7-hexachloro- ... was also able to utilize α- and β-endosulfan as sulphur sources, each producing the hydrolysis product ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2002 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Applied Microbiology
Atmakuru Ramesh, Ambalatharasu Vijayalakshmi,
... has been conducted to evaluate the residues of endosulfan and its principal metabolite (alpha-endosulfan, beta-endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate) which may have accumulated in environmental samples due to regular aerial spray application of endosulfan on cashew leaf plantation for a period of ... years. Three months after the last spray of endosulfan 350 g litre-1 EC at 300 ml ... a village in Kasargode District, Kerala, India, where endosulfan contamination was likely to have occurred. All the samples were analyzed for total residues of endosulfan (comprising alpha- and beta-endosulfan), endosulfan sulfate and ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2002 - Wiley | Pest Management Science
Tariq Siddique, Benedict C. Okeke, Muhammad Arshad, W. T. Frankenberger,
Endosulfan, classified as an organochlorine pesticide, is rated by the U.S. EPA as a Category 1 ... toxicity. This study describes the biodegradation kinetics of endosulfan and the metabolic pathway utilized by Fusarium ventricosum ... sp. Complete disappearance of both alpha- and beta-endosulfan was observed during 12 days of incubation with ... in flasks containing 100 mg L(-)(1) of endosulfan. The rate constants (k) for biodegradation of alpha- and beta-endosulfan by F. ventricosum using zero-order kinetics were ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2003 - American Chemical Society | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Meng‐Liang Zhou, Li Y, Peter Nkedi‐Kizza, Stephen K. O'Hair,
... runoff–leaching chambers for measuring the transport of endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10‐hexachloro‐1, ... 3‐oxide) isomers in leachates and surface runoff. Endosulfan loss was the greatest in runoff sediment, followed ... soil was higher than in the marl soil. Endosulfan movement with infiltration water in Krome soil is ... intensity to 150 mm h −1 significantly decreased endosulfan leaching and increased runoff. High rainfall intensity and/or water table dramatically increased the endosulfan loss through the sediments in runoff. Marl soil ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2003 - Soil Science Society of America | Vadose Zone Journal
Sung‐Eun Lee, Jong-Soo Kim, Ivan R. Kennedy, Jong-Woo Park, Gi-Seok Kwon, Sung‐Cheol Koh, Jang‐Eok Kim,
... present in the soil in the dissipation of endosulfan and its metabolites in the soil environment. Two ... PCC 7120 produced three principal biotransformation compounds, chiefly endosulfan diol (endodiol), and minor amounts of endosulfan hydroxyether and endosulfan lactone. Trace amounts of endosulfan sulfate were detected. In comparison, the biotransformation of endosulfan by Anabaena flos-aquae yielded mainly endodiol with minor amounts of endosulfan sulfate. An unknown compound was produced up to 70% from endosulfan spiked in the medium inoculated by A. flos- ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2003 - American Chemical Society | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Tariq Siddique, Benedict C. Okeke, Muhammad Arshad, W. T. Frankenberger,
ABSTRACT Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10‐hexachloro‐1,5,5a,6,9,9a‐hexahydro‐6,9‐methano‐ ... and identification of enriched microorganisms, capable of degrading endosulfan. Enrichment was achieved by using the insecticide as ... and bacteria (BF2 and B4) were selected using endosulfan as a sole carbon source. A Pandoraea species ( ... as a carbon source was also screened for endosulfan degradation. F1 and F4 ( Fusarium ventricosum ) degraded α‐endosulfan by as much as 82.2 and 91.1% and β‐endosulfan by 78.5 and 89.9%, respectively, within ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2003 - Wiley | Journal of Environmental Quality
Spencer S. Walse, Geoffrey I. Scott, John L. Ferry,
Solutions of alpha-endosulfan, beta-endosulfan, and technical grade endosulfan (70alpha:30beta) were added to modular estuarine mesocosms; the kinetics and degradation products from each mesocosm are reported. The persistent product endosulfan sulfate was generated in all cases; however, its ... approximately a factor of three higher from alpha-endosulfan relative to beta-endosulfan. Beta-endosulfan hydrolyzed faster than alpha-endosulfan to endosulfan diol, ...
Tópico(s): Marine and coastal ecosystems
2003 - Royal Society of Chemistry | Journal of Environmental Monitoring
Tariq Siddique, Zahir A. Zahir, W. T. Frankenberger,
... chromatographic (HPLC) method suitable for the analysis of endosulfan and its metabolites in water and soil is described. Endosulfan is a contact and stomach insecticide, which is ... at 214 nm. Both mobile phases resolved the endosulfan isomers and their metabolites well (resolution R S > 1.5). Acetonitrile recovered α‐endosulfan (106 and 90%) and β‐endosulfan (103 and 80%), while methanol extracted α‐endosulfan (91 and 81%) and β‐endosulfan (72 and 56%) from water and soil slurry, respectively. Recovery of endosulfan sulfate, endosulfan diol, and endosulfan ether with acetonitrile ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2003 - Taylor & Francis | Journal of Liquid Chromatography &Related Technologies
Tariq Siddique, Benedict C. Okeke, Muhammad Imran Arshad, W. T. Frankenberger,
Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9- ... and identification of enriched microorganisms, capable of degrading endosulfan. Enrichment was achieved by using the insecticide as ... and bacteria (BF2 and B4) were selected using endosulfan as a sole carbon source. A Pandoraea species ( ... as a carbon source was also screened for endosulfan degradation. F1 and F4 (Fusarium ventricosum) degraded α-endosulfan by as much as 82.2 and 91.1% and β-endosulfan by 78.5 and 89.9%, respectively, within ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2003 - Wiley | Journal of Environmental Quality