Myoung Sup Shim, Jin Young Kim, Hee Kyoung Jung, Kwang Hee Lee, Xue-Ming Xu, Bradley A. Carlson, Ki Woo Kim, Ick Young Kim, Dolph L. Hatfield, Byeong Jae Lee,
... of l(2)01810 and glutamine synthetase 1 (GS1) were increased by SPS1/SelD knockdown. Blocking the expression of GS1 and l(2)01810 completely inhibited the formation ... glutamine is responsible for megamitochondrial formation. Overexpression of GS1 and l(2)01810 had a synergistic effect ... is involved in glutamine synthesis presumably by activating GS1. Our results indicate that, in Drosophila, SPS1/SelD regulates the intracellular glutamine by inhibiting GS1 and l(2)01810 expression and that elevated ... of l(2)01810 and glutamine synthetase 1 (GS1) were increased by SPS1/SelD knockdown. Blocking the ...
Tópico(s): Redox biology and oxidative stress
2009 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
William J. Hurkman, Han Tao, Charlene K. Tanaka,
... kilodalton, isoelectric point 6.3 and 6.5 (Gs1 and Gs2) polypeptides that increase in barley (Hordeum ... during salt stress were isolated and identified. Both Gs1 and Gs2 had high sequence similarity to germin, ... increases significantly in germinating wheat seeds. Like germin, Gs1 and Gs2 were resistant to proteases and were glycosylated. Immunoblots were probed with antibodies to Gs1 and Gs2 to determine the distribution of these polypeptides among organs and cell-free fractions. Gs1 and Gs2 were present in roots and coleoptiles, ...
Tópico(s): Transgenic Plants and Applications
1991 - Oxford University Press | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Kazunari Kamachi, Tomoyuki Yamaya, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tadahiko Mae, Kunihiko Ojima,
Changes in the levels of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) and chloroplastic glutamine synthetase (GS2) polypeptides and of ... the base to the tip. The amount of GS1 polypeptide, detected with specific antibody for the GS1, was greatest near the middle of the leaf ... 11-13). There was little difference in the GS1 content between corresponding leaf segments obtained at the ... late senescence stage, all segments had lost some GS1 polypeptide, but more than 50% of GS1 detected at both the early and middle stages ...
Tópico(s): Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
1992 - Oxford University Press | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Igor C. Oliveira, Timothy Brears, Thomas J. Knight, Alexandra P. Clark, Gloria M. Coruzzi,
... species including tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). By contrast, cytosolic GS1 is expressed in the vasculature of several species ... on growth and photorespiration of overexpressing a cytosolic GS1 isoenzyme in leaf mesophyll cells of tobacco. The plants, which ectopically overexpress cytosolic GS1 in leaves, display a light-dependent improved growth ... this suggested that the ectopic expression of cytosolic GS1 in leaves may act via photosynthetic/photorespiratory process. The ectopic overexpression of cytosolic GS1 in tobacco leaves resulted in a 6- to ...
Tópico(s): Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
2002 - Oxford University Press | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
An endophytic bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis GS1, was isolated from bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) and found to have maximal production of chitinase (4.3 units/ml) at 5 days ... This study investigated the ability of B. thuringiensis GS1 to induce resistance to Rhizoctonia solani KACC 40111 ( ... beta-1,3- Glucanase activity was highest in GS1-treated plants at 5 days. Guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD) ... Ch3) on SDSPAGE of cucumber plants treated with GS1+RS, whereas only one band was observed for ... observed in response to treatment with RS and GS1+RS at 4 days. One APX band (Ap2) ...
Tópico(s): Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
2012 - Springer Science+Business Media | Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
Hitoshi Sakakibara, Hitoshi Shimizu, Toshiharu Hase, Yuzo Yamazaki, Toshifumi Takao, Yasutsugu Shimonishi, Tatsuo Sugiyama,
... cytosolic isoforms of GS in maize roots, namely GS1 and GSr. The purified isoforms, as well as ... capillary liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, and GS1 and GSr were identified as the products of ... were 1.6-fold higher than those of GS1. Marked differences in stability were also found between ... isoforms: GSr was more sensitive to heat than GS1 and octameric aggregates of the subunits of GSr were easily dissociated to monomers than those of GS1 at low concentrations of Mn2+ and Mg2+ ions. ...
Tópico(s): Biochemical and Molecular Research
1996 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Keiki Ishiyama, Eri Inoue, Akiko Watanabe‐Takahashi, Mitsuhiro Obara, Tomoyuki Yamaya, Hideki Takahashi,
... from ammonium and glutamate. In Arabidopsis, cytosolic GS (GS1) was accumulated in roots when plants were excessively ... between the protein content and enzyme activity of GS1 was attributable to the kinetic properties and expression ... which correlated with the rapid increase in total GS1 protein. GLN1;2 was localized in the vasculature ... excess. GLN1;4 was another high affinity-type GS1 expressed in nitrogen-starved plants but was 10- ... that dynamic regulations of high and low affinity GS1 isoenzymes at the levels of mRNA and enzyme ...
Tópico(s): Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
2004 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Fábio C. Vicentini, Giovanni Scala Marchini, Eduardo Mazzucchi, Joaquim F.A. Claro, Miguel Srougi,
... Of the 155 PCNLs, 27% were classified as GS1, 28.4% as GS2, 27% as GS3, and ... diameter of the stones differed among the groups (GS1 = 21.4, GS2 = 26.5, GS3 = 31.4, ... the groups differed significantly regarding their operative times (GS1 = 63 ± 28.5, GS2 = 101.4 ± 40.8, ... 153.3 ± 56 minutes; P <.001), tubeless rates (GS1 = 54.8%, GS2 = 45.4%, GS3 = 28.6%, ... GS4 = 7.4%; P <.001), blood transfusion rates (GS1 = 0%, GS2 = 2.3%, GS3 = 4.8%, and GS4 = 22.2%; P = .01), complications (GS1 = 4.8%, GS2 = 9.1%, GS3 = 26.2%, ... GS4 = 44.4%; P <.001), immediate success rates (GS1 = 95.2%, GS2 = 79.5%, GS3 = 59.5%, ...
Tópico(s): Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
2014 - Elsevier BV | Urology
Hanne C. Thomsen, Dennis Eriksson, Inge Skrumsager Møller, Jan K. Schjøerring,
•Overexpression studies using GS1 to increase plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) have not yielded consistent results. •Complex regulation of GS1 at gene and protein levels complicates efforts to improve plant NUE use efficiency by GS1 overexpression. •We suggest future strategies for the use of GS1 to increase NUE. Overexpression of the cytosolic enzyme glutamine synthetase 1 (GS1) has been investigated in numerous cases with the ... underlying the lack of success and conclude that GS1 activity may be downregulated via a chain of ...
Tópico(s): Plant Molecular Biology Research
2014 - Elsevier BV | Trends in Plant Science
Aili Bao, Zhuqing Zhao, Guangda Ding, Lei Shi, Fangsen Xu, Hongmei Cai,
... nitrogen metabolic status and gene expression profiles in GS1;1-, GS1;2-overexpressing rice and wildtype plants. Our results revealed that the GS1;1-, GS1;2-overexpressing plants exhibited a poor plant growth ... soluble proteins and carbohydrates varied greatly in the GS1;1-, GS1;2-overexpressing plants. Furthermore, metabolite profile and gene ... free amino acids, and gene expression patterns in GS1;1-, GS1;2-overexpressing plants, which also indicated the distinct roles that these two GS1 genes played in rice nitrogen metabolism, particularly when ...
Tópico(s): Plant Molecular Biology Research
2014 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
Marwa Abd Elmaksoud, N. S. Gomaa, Hanan Galal Azouz, Charles On, C. T. Ho, Tarek Omar, John A. McGrath, Alexandros Onoufriadis,
... to this CME article. Griscelli syndrome Type 1 (GS1; MIN 214450) is a rare autosomal recessive disease ... hypopigmentation, there are also primary neurological manifestations in GS1, immune impairment and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in GS2 (resulting ... but it is still debatable whether or not GS1 and ES are distinct entities.3, 4 To date, about 20 patients with GS1, including those with ES, have been reported.5 ... confirmed by genetic analysis, making accurate estimation of GS1/ES prevalence very difficult (Table S1).3 The ...
Tópico(s): Trypanosoma species research and implications
2020 - Oxford University Press | Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
Takayuki Fujita, Marcel Pascal Beier, Mayumi Tabuchi-Kobayashi, Yoshitaka Hayatsu, Haruka Nakamura, Toshiko Umetsu-Ohashi, Kazuhiro Sasaki, Keiki Ishiyama, Emiko Murozuka, Mikiko Kojima, Hitoshi Sakakibara, Yuki Sawa, Akio Miyao, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Yamaya, Soichi Kojima,
... GLN). Plants harbor several isoforms of cytosolic GS (GS1). Rice GS1;3 is highly expressed in seeds during grain ... This study aimed to investigate the role of GS1;3 for rice growth and yield. Tos17 insertion lines for GS1;3 were isolated, and the nitrogen (N), amino acid, and ammonium contents of GS1;3 mutant grains were compared to wild-type grains. The spatiotemporal expression of GS1;3 and the growth and yield of rice ... grain filling. Results showed that the loss of GS1;3 retarded seed germination. Seeds of GS1;3 ...
Tópico(s): Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
2022 - Frontiers Media | Frontiers in Plant Science
Marina Vranić, Mladen Knežević, Krešimir Bošnjak, Josip Leto, Goran Perčulija, Ivana Pajić Matić,
... effects of interactions between medium quality grass silage (GS1) and maize silage (MS) as well as between ... N retention in wether sheep. Two grass silages (GS1 and GS2) were ensiled in round bales, without ... The study consisted of seven feeding treatments incorporating GS1, GS2 and MS fed alone and forage mixtures of GS1 and MS as well as GS2 and MS ( ... crude protein (CP) concentration in GS2 compared to GS1. The DM content (g kg− 1 fresh sample) ... and 211, respectively. Inclusion of MS in the GS1-based ration had positive linear effects on CP ...
Tópico(s): Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
2007 - Elsevier BV | Livestock Science
Barry Mc Inerney, Gerard Corkery, Gashaw Ayalew, Shane Ward, Kevin Mc Donnell,
The feasibility of using GS1 DataMatrix (GS1 DM) barcodes laser printed onto the beaks of poultry as a possible method of identification and, therefore, traceability of the individual were ... during previous in vitro and in vivo trials. GS1 DM barcodes were printed on both sides of ... environment on the clarity and readability of the GS1 DM barcode, and the ability of the printed GS1 DM barcodes to resist the physical and chemical ... was no significant difference in the readability between GS1 DM barcodes printed on the right or left ...
Tópico(s): Meat and Animal Product Quality
2011 - Elsevier BV | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
... plastidic GS (GS2) and two encoding cytosolic GS (GS1) that are differentially expressed in the plant at ... similar pattern of expression was observed for the GS1 gene Stgs1a. GS1 transcripts and polypeptides were present in all organs ... the later leaf senescing stages. The increase in GS1 during leaf senescence mainly reflected polypeptide and transcript accumulation of the GS1-encoding gene Stgs1b. In situ hybridization results point to a cell-specific expression of GS1 genes within the vascular bundles, Stgs1b being expressed ...
Tópico(s): Plant tissue culture and regeneration
2005 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Experimental Botany
Miwa Ohashi, Keiki Ishiyama, Soichi Kojima, Noriyuki Konishi, Kazuhiro Sasaki, Mitsue Miyao, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Yamaya,
... by a lack of cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;2 (GS1;2) resulted in a severe reduction in the outgrowth of tillers. Rice mutants lacking GS1;2 (gs1;2 mutants) showed a remarkable reduction in the ... in asparagine content using rice mutants lacking either GS1;2 or asparagine synthetase 1 (AS1). The contributions ... major species in this tissue, was reduced in gs1;2 mutants, whereas OsAS2 expression was relatively constant. ... whereas cell-specific expression was markedly reduced in gs1;2 mutants. OsAS1 was up-regulated significantly by ...
Tópico(s): Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Rice
Miwa Ohashi, Keiki Ishiyama, Miyako Kusano, Atsushi Fukushima, Soichi Kojima, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tomoyuki Yamaya,
... of the shoots inhibited cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;2 (GS1;2), which severely reduced rice tiller number. In the present study, we used rice mutants lacking GS1;2 (gs1;2 mutants) to determine the contribution of carbon ... phosphate) in the shoot basal portions of the gs1;2 mutant seedlings. Decrease in sucrose caused by the lack of GS1;2 was successfully restored to the wild-type ... basal portions of the shoots, the lack of GS1;2 caused low expression of cytosolic fructose 1, ... wild type but not in those of the gs1;2 mutants. Rice mutants lacking cFBPase2 presented with ~ ...
Tópico(s): Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Rice
Leanne S.X. Teh, Jeslyn S. T. Poo, Mel V. Boo, Shit F. Chew, Yuen K. Ip,
... obtain nitrogen from the host. Glutamine synthetase 1 (GS1) is a cytosolic enzyme that assimilates ammonia into glutamine. We determined the transcript levels of zooxanthellal GS1 (Zoox-GS1), which represented comprehensively GS1 transcripts of Symbiodinium, Cladocopium and Durusdinium, in five ... mantle had significantly higher transcript level of Zoox-GS1 than the inner mantle, foot muscle, hepatopancreas and ctenidium, but the transcript ratios of Zoox-GS1 to zooxanthellal form II ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate ...
Tópico(s): Marine Biology and Ecology Research
2021 - Elsevier BV | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology
Pauline H.Yen, Jay W. Ellison, Eduardo Salido, T. Mohandas, Larry J. Shapiro,
A gene, designated GS1, was identified by its association with a CpG island approximately 100 kb telomeric to the steroid sulfatase (STS) locus ... chromosome. Both cDNA and genomic clones of the GS1 gene have been isolated and characterized. The cDNA ... 214 amino acid residues. Although sequences homologous to GS1 cDNA are present on chromosomes 1, 20, X, and Y, the functional GS1 gene is on the X chromosome. The GS1 gene appears to be non-essential, as there ... patients with a deletion of the STS and GS1 genes. The GS1 gene is expressed from mouse- ...
Tópico(s): Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
1992 - Oxford University Press | Human Molecular Genetics
... Gal specific lectin Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4). However, this lectin exhibits a broad and ... positive and false negative results may occur when GS1 B4 is used to determine natural antigens in ... europaeus agglutinin (EEA), Griffonia simplicifolia 1 isolectin B4 (GS1 B4), Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa agglutinin (PA‐IL). Although both GS1 B4 and MPA strongly bound glycoconjugates terminating in ... when a simple sugar is used to inhibit GS1 B4 binding to the xenoantigen. Inhibition studies of ...
Tópico(s): Pancreatic function and diabetes
2002 - Wiley | Xenotransplantation
Soledad De Nicolás-Santiago, Carlos Regalado, Blanca E. García‐Almendárez, Francisco J. Fernández, Alejandro Téllez‐Jurado, Sergio Huerta‐Ochoa,
Mutant strains from Aspergillus niger UAM-GS1 were produced by UV radiation to increase their hemicellulolytic and cellulolytic activity production. The mutant strains showing more enzymatic activity were those labelled GS1-S059 and GS1-S067. These strains also showed the largest relationship ... of hydrolysis zone and colony diameter. The mutant GS1-S067 showed a colony radial extension rate and ... times higher than that achieved by strain UAM-GS1. The high invasive capacity makes this mutant strain ... diameter of the sporangium of the mutant strains GS1-S059 and GS1-S067 was significantly larger ( P ...
Tópico(s): Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
2006 - Elsevier BV | Electronic Journal of Biotechnology
Conceição Santos, Anabela Pereira, Susana Pereira, Jorge Teixeira,
... Salt and osmotic stresses increased cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) mRNA and the corresponding polypeptides in plants. In calluses, GS1 mRNA and polypeptide contents increased in response to ... of glutamine synthetase isoenzyme activities showed increases of GS1 activity in NaCl-stressed cells (increases of 3. ... decreased in NaCl-stressed leaves. This increase of GS1 expression was accompanied by an increase of ammonium ... report shows that NaCl and osmotic stresses induced GS1 expression by increasing GS1 mRNA and polypeptide leading ...
Tópico(s): Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
2004 - Elsevier BV | Scientia Horticulturae
Mitsuhiro Obara, Tadashi Sato, Tomoyuki Yamaya,
... the contents of protein for cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1; EC 6.3.1.2) in the lowest ... Some of the indica cultivars, including Kasalath, contained GS1 protein twice as high as other japonica and ... than japonica and javanica cultivars. Immunostaining proved that GS1 protein was located in vascular tissues of the ... Planta 200: 306–311]. Although relative contents of GS1 protein in the leaf blade of Kasalath increased as a function of leaf age, GS1 activity remained relatively constant. In addition, Kasalath showed ...
Tópico(s): Plant Molecular Biology Research
2000 - Wiley | Physiologia Plantarum
... cell. The main GS are classified as cytosolic GS1 and plastidial GS2, of which the functionality is ... one gene for GS2 and five genes for GS1 subunits are known, but their roles in root ... root total GS synthetase activity, associated with different GS1 isoforms according to the nitrogen sources. Nitrate nutrition induced the specific accumulation of GS1-5 while ammonium led to up-accumulation of both GS1-1 and GS1-5, highlighting co-participation. Moreover, the changes in ... allowed to discriminate the individual contribution of the GS1 isoforms, highlighting the participation of GS1-5 in ...
Tópico(s): Legume Nitrogen Fixing Symbiosis
2015 - BioMed Central | BMC Plant Biology
Ananda Y. Bandara, Dilooshi K. Weerasooriya, Tesfaye Tesso, P. V. Vara Prasad, Christopher R. Little,
... andiyazi) and Macrophomina phaseolina. Inoculations were performed at GS1 (30 d after emergence) and GS3 (14 d ... TSW in comparison to the control at both GS1 and GS3. The four pathogens, on average, caused greater TSW reductions when inoculated at GS1 (52%) than at GS3 (37%). All pathogens reduced TSP upon GS1 inoculation and 100-SW upon GS3 inoculations. All ... seed set percentage when plants were inoculated at GS1 while inoculations at GS3 did not have a significant impact. GS1 inoculations significantly decreased TRSP, demonstrating pathogen interference with ...
Tópico(s): Plant Disease Management Techniques
2016 - Elsevier BV | Crop Protection
... of glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2), GS1 and GS2, have been purified from cells of ... with a molecular mass of 402 kDa for GS1 and 501 kDa for GS2. The molecular mass of the subunits of GS1 and GS2 was estimated to be 61 and 78 kDa, respectively. As in higher plants, GS1 is slightly more thermostable than GS2 and much ... stimulated by thiols than GS2. For these reasons, GS1 was designated as the cytosolic enzyme and GS2 ... possesses a much higher affinity for glutamine than GS1. As in bacteria, ATP appears to play an ...
Tópico(s): Marine and coastal ecosystems
1997 - Elsevier BV | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Joshua J. Meeks, Seth P. Lerner,
... tumors had no cytogenetic changes (genomic subtype 1; GS1), and 58 of 63 had a well-described ... tumors. Alternatively, for low-mutation tumors (such as GS1 with a median of 1.38 mutations/MB), ... Comparison of genomic subtyping demonstrated clustering of both GS1 and GS2 subtypes with Urobasal A/luminal tumors. Although GS1 and GS2 are both luminal, the gene expression ... Google Scholar), in which class 1 aligns with GS1 and class 2 aligns with GS2. Importantly, basal ... significant differences in expression of 363 genes between GS1 and GS2 subtypes, very few mutations were unique ...
Tópico(s): Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis
2017 - Cell Press | Cancer Cell
Yajie Gao, Thomas C. de Bang, Jan K. Schjøerring,
Summary Cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) plays a central role in nitrogen (N) metabolism. The importance of GS1 in N remobilization during reproductive growth has been ... to improve N utilization efficiency (NUE) by overexpressing GS1 have yielded inconsistent results. Here, we demonstrate that ... 1 lead to increased HvGS1.1 expression and GS1 enzyme activity. GS1 overexpressing lines exhibited higher grain yields and NUE ... wild‐type, the grain protein concentration in the GS1 overexpressing lines did not decline when plants were ...
Tópico(s): Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
2018 - Wiley | Plant Biotechnology Journal
Sherin I. Hashem, Somaye Zare, Oluwole Fadare,
... using 2 sets of guidelines. Guideline set 1 (GS1) is the 2018 American Society of Clinical Oncology/ ... for anti-HER2 therapy in ESC. By IHC, GS1 and GS2, respectively classified 39.5% (17/43) ... FISH-negative or IHC 0-1+/FISH-positive. GS1 and GS2 were comparable regarding the proportion of ... FISH (19% vs 23% respectively; [ P = 0.71]). GS1 and GS2 displayed 98% (42/43) concordance regarding ... were ultimately classified as HER2 amplified using either GS1 or GS2. One “discordant” case was classified as HER2-positive using GS2 but HER2-negative using GS1 (HER2 IHC score 2+ using both guidelines, HER2: ...
Tópico(s): Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
2023 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | International Journal of Gynecological Pathology
Kazunari Kamachi, Tomoyuki Yamaya, Toshihiko Hayakawa, Tadahiko Mae, Kunihiko Ojima,
Tissue localizations of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1; EC 6.3.1.2), chloroplastic GS (GS2), and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase (Fd-GOGAT; EC 1.4.7.1) in rice ( ... regions were used for tissue printing. The anti-GS1 antibody, raised against a synthetic 17-residue peptide ... deduced N-terminal amino acid sequence of rice GS1, cross-reacted specifically with native GS1 protein, but not with GS2 after transfer onto ... nitrocellulose membrane. Tissue-print immunoblots showed that the GS1 protein was located in large and small vascular ...
Tópico(s): Plant Molecular Biology Research
1992 - Oxford University Press | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY