Sir Michael Marshall DL MP, Doctor Lehel Gyorgy Papp,
1993 - Gale Group | Chatham House Online Part 2
Gary D. Bending, Suzanne D. Lincoln, Sebastian R. Sørensen, J. Alun W. Morgan, Jens Aamand, Allan Walker,
... degradation rate of the phenyl-urea herbicide isoproturon (IPU) [3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] has been ... probable-number analysis showed that rapid degradation of IPU was associated with proliferation of IPU-degrading organisms. Slow degradation of IPU was linked to either a delay in the proliferation of IPU-degrading organisms or apparent cometabolic degradation. Using enrichment techniques, an IPU-degrading bacterial culture (designated strain F35) was isolated ... intensity in soil during growth-linked metabolism of IPU, and sequencing of the excised bands showed high ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2003 - American Society for Microbiology | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
David Tytler, Andrew McEwen, Neil Bennett, Quentin Cowdry and Stewart Tendler, Cliff Feltham, Peter Stafford, Michael Stevenson, Philip Howard, Hilary Finch, David Walker Public Administration Correspondent, Michael Binyon, Geoff King and Stanley Baldwin, Carol Leonard, Chris Goodwin, Richard Eaton, Jenny Knight, Roddy Forsyth, Gerald Davies, John Maddox, Robert Adley, Bernard Levin, Leslie Walton and Gillian Maxey, Bryan Stiles, Stephen Warr, Norman Davies, Stuart Jones, Andrew Longmore Tennis Correspondent, John Lewis, Political Staff, Peter Ball, Stephen Hannah, Chris Pomery, Rodney Lord, Louise Taylor, Nick Nuttall Technology Correspondent, Peter Waymark, Robin Young, Michael Clark, R. N. Stafford Chairman, Margaret Thatcher, Barry Fantoni, Charles Bremner, Joseph Connolly, John Percival, William T. Stearn, Ros Drinkwater, John Hennessy, Geoffrey Matthews, Robert Cockburn, Michael McCarthy Environment Correspondent, George Rae, Gavin Bell, Sydney Friskin, Dennis Signy, David Miller, Tim Jones Employment Affairs Correspondent, Gillian Bowditch, Mitchell Platts Golf Correspondent, Alan Toogood, Horticulture Correspondent, Charles Oliver, Andrew McEwen, Diplomatic Editor, Peter Davalle, Raymond Keene, Chess Correspondent, Tim Congdon, Peter Bryan, Raymond Plant, Martin Searby, Richard Ford, Legal Affairs Reporter, Barry Pickthall, Maxwell Newton, Geoff King, Jenny Knight and Arthur Leathley, Roger Boyes, Andrew Cobb, David Terry, Charles Knevitt, Architecture Correspondent, Simon Tait, Arts Correspondent, David Hands Rugby Correspondent, David D. Gilchrist, Guy Mountfort Vice President, Pat Butcher, Athletics Correspondent, Mandarin, Renee Short, Clive White, Graham Searjeant Financial Editor, Sallie Ecroyd, Michael Austin, Keith Blackmore, Anne-Marie Sapsted, Julian Ellison, Alan Lee Cricket Correspondent, Toby Buchan, David Walker, Adrian Dannatt, Andrew Buckoke, Michael Horsnell, W. R. Luxton, Tim Jones and Roland Rudd, Richard Morrison, Sam Kiley, Derek Harris Industrial Editor, Pearce Wright, Science Editor, Alan Grigg, R. L. Marshall, Clement Freud, Stuart Jones, Football Correspondent, John Watson, Michael Hornsby Agriculture Correspondent,
... The great bridge-builder Margaret Thatcher outlines the IPU's aims and strengths The Inter-Parliamentary Union, ... fail, Andrew McEwen writes British hopes for the IPU Centenary BBC World Service The Queen Elizabeth II ...
1989 - Gale Group | TDA
Masahiro Mizuno, Atsushi Koide, Akihiro Yamamura, Hiromi Akeboshi, Hiromi Yoshida, S. Kamitori, Yoshiyuki Sakano, Atsushi Nishikawa, Takashi Tonozuka,
An isopullulanase (IPU) from Aspergillus niger ATCC9642 hydrolyzes α-1,4-glucosidic linkages of pullulan to produce isopanose. Although IPU does not hydrolyze dextran, it is classified into ... major members of which are dextran-hydrolyzing enzymes. IPU is highly glycosylated, making it difficult to obtain ... Hf to cleave the N-linked oligosaccharides of IPU, and we here determined the unliganded and isopanose-complexed forms of IPU, both solved at 1.7-Å resolution. IPU is composed of domains N and C joined ...
Tópico(s): Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
2007 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Molecular Biology
By Melvyn Westlake Economics Staff, From Our Correspondent, From Mario Modiano, By Staff Reporters, From Christopher Walker, From Arthur Osman, By a Staff Reporter, By Michael Hatfield Political Staff, By Our Political Staff, By John Roper, By Hugh Clayton Agricultural Correspondent, From Harry Golombek Chess Correspondent, By Tim Devlin, By Peter Waymark, From Michael Hornsby, From Robert Fisk, By Roger Berthoud, From Peter Nichols, From Michael Knipe, From Our Own Correspondent, From Richard Wigg, From Nicholas Ashford, From Peter Strafford, From Frank Vogl US Economics Correspondent, By Martin Huckerby, From Moshe Brilliant, From Fred Emery, By John Woodcock Cricket Correspondent, By Sydney Friskin, By Neil Allen Boxing Correspondent, By Pamela Macgregor-Morris, By Geoffrey Green Football Correspondent, By John Nicholls, By Neil Allen Athletics Correspondent, By Michael Phillips Racing Correspondent, by Edmund Wilson, David Wade, John Percival, Stanley Sadie, Irving Wardle, Roy Hay, Michael Horsnell, Clive Barnes, Edward Mayer, Harry Golombek, Bevis Hillier, Katie Stewart, Humphry Berkeley, George Hutchinson, Philippa Toomey, Gerald Sinstadt, Alison Ross, GEORGE MARTELLI, MICHAEL GIBBON, , ROGER COX, , ALASTAIR BUCHAN, , R. L. T. BURGES, , R. J. REES, , JOHN R. POOLE, , CLIVE WILKINSON, , ALDYTH WELLINGTON, , DAVID CRANE, , JOHN R. M. MOTT, , DAFYDD WILLIAMS, , ANDREW MUIR, , R. G. BULL, , HEW STRACHAN, , By Kenneth Leech Rector of St Matthew., By Our Horticultural Correspondent, S.M.M., D. W., By Edward Townsend, By R. W. Shakespeare, By Our Financial Staff, From Frank Vogl, By Our Industrial Staff, By Paul Routledge Labour Editor, By Maurice Corina Industrial Editor, By Terry Byland, MS, Eric Brunet, Margaret Stone, Vera Di Palma, John Drummond, EDITED BY MARGARET STONE, FE, Terry Byland,
... Antiques Enjoying a few glasses, Arabs complete their IPU victory, Tartan Army claims N Sea oil pipe ...
1975 - Gale Group | TDA
György Székely, João Bandarra, William Heggie, Börje Sellergren, Frederico Castelo Ferreira,
... approaches for the removal of 1,3-diisopropylurea (IPU), a potentially genotoxic impurity (GTI) from active pharmaceutical ... Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) to separate APIs and IPU, based on their molecular size difference was first ... tested in diafiltration mode for the removal of IPU when dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM). A diafiltration dilution ... found as optimum to achieve 90% removal of IPU with a 2.5% loss of the model API. A novel IPU-selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) was then used ...
Tópico(s): Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
2011 - Elsevier BV | Separation and Purification Technology
Yan Bi, Shan Shan Miao, Yi Lu, Chong Qiu, You Zhou, Hong Yang,
Isoproturon (IPU) is a pesticide used for protection of land crops from weed or pathogen attack. Recent survey shows that IPU has been detected as a contaminant in aquatic ... the phytotoxicity and potential accumulation and degradation of IPU in algae, a comprehensive study was performed with ... Algae exposed to 5-50 μg L(-1) IPU for 3d displayed progressive inhibition of cell growth ... Time-course experiments with 25 μg L(-1) IPU for 6d showed similar growth responses. The 72 h EC50 value for IPU was 43.25 μg L(-1), NOEC was ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2012 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Hazardous Materials
Hiroyoshi Aoki, Yopi Yopi, Anastasia Padmajanti, Yoshiyuki Sakano,
... pullulan 4-glucanohydrolase: EC 3.2.1.57, IPU) from Aspergillus niger ATCC9642 [Y. Sakano et al., ... 41 (1990)] was separated into two active components, IPU F1 (pI = 5.0) and IPU F2 (pI = 4.9), using a Mono-P ... susceptibility to certain chemical reagents were similar between IPU F1 and IPU F2. IPU F1 and F2 had an identical N-terminal ... A-D-N-S-Q-L-L. However, IPU F1 contained more total carbohydrate (15.3%) than IPU F2 (12.4%). SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of IPU F1 (71,000) was greater than that of ...
Tópico(s): Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
1996 - Oxford University Press | Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry
Yi Lu, Shuang Zhang, Hong Yang,
Isoproturon (IPU) is a herbicide widely used to prevent weeds in cereal production. Due to its extensive use in agriculture, residues of IPU are often detected in soils and crops. Overload of IPU to crops is associated with human health risks. ... its accumulation in crops. In this study, the IPU residues and its degradation products in wheat were ... mass spectrometer (UPLC-TOF-MS/MS). Most detected IPU-derivatives were sugar-conjugated. Degradation and glycosylation of IPU-derivatives could be enhanced by applying salicylic acid ( ...
Tópico(s): Phytase and its Applications
2014 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Hazardous Materials
Renyi Li, Ulrike Dörfler, Jean Charles Munch, Reiner Schroll,
Isoproturon (IPU) degradation in an agricultural soil inoculated with an isolated IPU-degrader strain (Sphingomonas sp. strain AK1, IS) or ... of the carrier material and inoculation size on IPU-degradation efficacy of the inoculants were studied. Mineralization, ... residues and non-extractable residues of 14C-labeled IPU were analyzed. The low IPU mineralization in untreated soil (7.0%) was enhanced ... or MC (58.9%-67.5%). Concentrations of IPU residues in soils amended with MC (0.002- ... extractable residues were detected in soil with higher IPU mineralization. Inoculation size (as indicated by the volume ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2016 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
Meng Huang, Yi Lu, Shuang Zhang, Fang Luo, Hong Yang,
Atrazine (ATR) and isoproturon (IPU) as herbicides have become serious environmental contaminants due to their overuse in crop production. Although ATR and IPU in soils are easily absorbed by many crops, ... involved in catabolism or detoxification of ATR and IPU residues in rice. Transcriptome profiling shows at least 22 differentially expressed laccase genes in ATR/IPU-exposed rice. Some of the laccase genes were ... their activities in rice were induced under ATR/IPU exposure. To investigate the roles of laccases in ...
Tópico(s): Biotin and Related Studies
2016 - American Chemical Society | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Xin Yan, Tao Gu, ZhongQuan Yi, Junwei Huang, Xiaowei Liu, Ji Zhang, Xihui Xu, Zhihong Xin, Qing Hong, Jian He, Jim C. Spain, Shunpeng Li, Jiandong Jiang,
The worldwide use of the phenylurea herbicide, isoproturon (IPU), has resulted in considerable concern about its environmental fate. Although many microbial metabolites of IPU are known and IPU-mineralizing bacteria have been isolated, the molecular mechanism of IPU catabolism has not been elucidated yet. In this study, complete genes that encode the conserved IPU catabolic pathway were revealed, based on comparative analysis of the genomes of three IPU-mineralizing sphingomonads and subsequent experimental validation. The complete ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2016 - Wiley | Environmental Microbiology
Makarand Hastak, Choongwan Koo,
... develops the theory of an intelligent planning unit (IPU) as a new thought process. The theory of an IPU is designed to (1) enable the complex built ... the knowledge at different levels of complexity for IPU refinement and control; and (4) provide the decision- ... and accurate information for better decision-making. An IPU can be developed by breaking down the physical ... into carefully planned units (even nanoscale units). An IPU can be implemented in three phases (i.e., IPU planning, IPU application, and IPU network). This paper ...
Tópico(s): 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage
2016 - American Society of Civil Engineers | Journal of Management in Engineering
Aakash Keswani, Karl Koenig, Kevin J. Bozic,
... we will take an inside look at an IPU team working together across the full cycle of ... What are the principles for designing a musculoskeletal IPU? (2) What are the potential benefits of this ... prepare for value-based payment? Designing the Musculoskeletal IPU The first step towards building a successful musculoskeletal IPU is to choose a symptom, condition, or patient ... social workers for a lower extremity joint pain IPU) who should have heavy input into the design and iteration of the IPU team [3]. The condition should also have a ...
Tópico(s): Economic and Financial Impacts of Cancer
2016 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
Renyi Li, Ulrike Dörfler, Reiner Schroll, Jean Charles Munch,
... is a limiting factor for biodegradation of isoproturon (IPU) in the field. IPU dissipation is hampered in soil with low pH. Efficacy of two IPU-mineralizing microbial communities in IPU dissipation was investigated during 189 d in microcosms ... soils at a carrier-soil ratio of 1%. IPU was applied to the soil twice, on day ... size, sorption–desorption and pH on biodegradation of IPU were studied. IPU mineralization, extractable residues and non-extractable residues were ... isoproturon. Both microbial communities resulted in significantly enhanced IPU mineralization (52%–60%) and low concentrations of IPU ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2016 - Elsevier BV | Soil Biology and Biochemistry
Hiroyoshi Aoki, Yopi Yopi, Yoshiyuki Sakano,
Isopullulanase (IPU) from Aspergillus niger A.T.C.C. (American Type Culture Collection) 9642 hydrolyses pullulan to isopanose. IPU is important for the production of isopanose and ... linkages. We have isolated the ipuA gene encoding IPU from the filamentous fungi A. niger A.T. ... reading frame of 1695 bp (564 amino acids). IPU contained a signal sequence of 19 amino acids, ... mature form was calculated to be 59 kDa. IPU has no amino-acid-sequence similarity with the ... enzymes, which are pullulanase, neopullulanase and glucoamylase. However, IPU showed a high amino-acid-sequence similarity with ...
Tópico(s): Biofuel production and bioconversion
1997 - Portland Press | Biochemical Journal
Werner Edgar Gläβgen, Dieter Komoβa, Olaf Bohnenkämper, Matthias Haas, Norbert Hertkorn, Robert G. May, Wilfried Szymczak, Heinrich Sandermann,
The plant metabolism of the phenylurea herbicide isoproturon (IPU) was studied in aseptic cell suspension cultures of ... predominant metabolites in soybean were identified as monodesmethyl-IPU, 2-hydroxy-IPU, and 2-hydroxy-monodesmethyl-IPU. The major metabolic pathway identified for wheat was the conversion of IPU to 2-hydroxy-IPU as the primary metabolite and then to 2-hydroxy-monodesmethyl-IPU. 2-Hydroxy-IPU and an olefinic metabolite (isopropenyl-IPU) are described here for the first time. Metabolite ...
Tópico(s): Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
1999 - Elsevier BV | Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
Kamshad Raiszadeh, Jonathan Tapicer, Lissa Taitano, J T Wu, Bahar Shahidi,
... multidisciplinary therapy in an integrated practice unit (C-IPU) model with online integrated multidisciplinary therapy (O-IPU) in individuals undergoing conservative care for LBP. Methods ... clinical trial registry (NCT04081896) through the SpineZone rehabilitation IPU program. All participants provided informed consent. Participants were allocated to the C-IPU (N=988) or O-IPU (N=102) groups based on their personal preferences. The C-IPU program consisted of a high-intensity machine-based core muscle resistance training program, whereas the O-IPU program consisted of therapist-directed home core strengthening ...
Tópico(s): Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
2021 - JMIR Publications | Journal of Medical Internet Research
Fátima Sopeña, Kirk T. Semple, Saran Sohi, Gary D. Bending,
... chemical and biological accessibility using the herbicide isoproturon (IPU). Soils amended with 1% and 2% BC showed enhanced sorption, slower desorption, and reduced biodegradation of IPU. Addition of 0.1% BC had no effect on sorption, desorption or biodegradation of IPU. However, the mineralization of (14)C-IPU was reduced by all BC concentrations, reducing by ... the toxic metabolite 4-isopropyl-aniline to intact IPU was substantially reduced by higher BC concentrations. Hydroxypropyl- ... cyclodextrin (HPCD) extractions were used to estimate the IPU bioaccessibility in the BC-amended soil. Significant correlations ...
Tópico(s): Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
2012 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
Himani Singh, N. B. Singh, Ajey Singh, Imtiyaz Hussain, Vijaya Yadav,
In the present study, attenuation of isoproturon (IPU) toxicity by salicylic acid (SA) was observed. Seven-day-old seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Azad P-1) were treated with 10 mM IPU. IPU influenced physiological and biochemical parameters. IPU significantly inhibited growth variables like shoot and root ... and activity of nitrate reductase were inhibited significantly. IPU enhanced the accumulation of H2O2, ion leakage and ... However, exogenous SA regulated the toxic effects of IPU. The indices of oxidative stress appeared to be ...
Tópico(s): Plant Growth Enhancement Techniques
2016 - Taylor & Francis | Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science
Yelda Semizer, Melchi M. Michel,
... to characterize the role of intrinsic position uncertainty (IPU) in overt visual search and to determine whether ... clutter conditions designed to modulate the effect of IPU across search displays of varying set size. In ... with feature clutter to maximize the effects of IPU. In the Uncluttered condition, the clutter at irrelevant locations was removed to attenuate the effects of IPU. Finally, we derived an IPU-constrained ideal searcher model, limited by the IPU measured in human observers. Ideal searchers were simulated ...
Tópico(s): Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
2017 - Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology | Journal of Vision
Sabir Hussain, Sebastian R. Sørensen, Marion Devers‐Lamrani, Talaat El Sebaï, Fabrice Martin‐Laurent,
... herbicide isoproturon, 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (IPU), was found to be rapidly mineralized by a ... isolated from an agricultural soil regularly exposed to IPU. Molecular analysis of the bacterial culture by DNA ... Methylobacterium, Variovorax and Agrobacterium were isolated from the IPU-degrading culture. None of these were able to degrade IPU in pure culture and only the intact culture sustained the ability to mineralize IPU. The composition of the culture appeared stable suggesting that yet unknown interactions are involved in the IPU mineralization. IPU degradation involved the transitory accumulation of ...
Tópico(s): Microbial Fuel Cells and Bioremediation
2009 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
Bao‐Son Trinh, Kevin M. Hiscock, Brian J. Reid,
... biodegradation on the removal of the herbicide isoproturon (IPU) are reported. 14C-radiorespirometry indicated very low levels of catabolic activity in IPU-undosed and IPU-dosed (0.1, 1, 100 μg L−1) ... 2%). In contrast, levels of catabolic activity in IPU-undosed and IPU-dosed river sediment (RS) were significantly higher (mineralisation: 14.5–36.9%). Levels of IPU catabolic competence showed a positive log-linear relationship (r2 = 0.768) with IPU concentration present. A threshold IPU concentration of between ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
2012 - Elsevier BV | Environmental Pollution
Shuhuai Li, Huilin Tao, Jianping Li,
... sensor (MIP‐ECL sensor) was developed for isoproturon (IPU) determination based on the competition reaction between IPU and glucose oxidase labeled IPU (GOD‐IPU). After competition, hydrogen peroxide produced by residual GOD‐IPU on the MIP reacted with luminol to emit ... signal. The ECL intensity decreased when the GOD‐IPU molecules were replaced by IPU molecules in the samples. IPU could be determined in the concentration range from ...
Tópico(s): Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
2012 - Wiley | Electroanalysis
Takatsugu Miyazaki, H. Yashiro, Atsushi Nishikawa, Takashi Tonozuka,
... important for the stability of some glycoproteins. Isopullulanase (IPU), a polysaccharide-hydrolyzing enzyme, is a highly N-glycosylated protein, and IPU deglycosylation results in a decrease in thermostability. To investigate the function of N-glycan in IPU, we focused on an N-glycosylated residue located ... the active site, Asn448. The thermostabilities of three IPU variants, Y440A, N448A and S450A, were 0.5- ... treated N448A variant was determined. There are four IPU molecules, Mol-A, B, C and D, in ...
Tópico(s): Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
2014 - Oxford University Press | The Journal of Biochemistry