Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
... 152 THE K & S IN BRAZIL João Claudio Todorov, João Claudio Todorov UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASILIASearch for more papers by this author João Claudio Todorov, João Claudio Todorov UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASILIASearch for more papers by this ...
Tópico(s): Youth, Politics, and Society
1990 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Elenice A. M. Ferrari, João Cláudio Todorov, Frederico Guilherme Graeff,
Four pigeons were trained to avoid shock by pecking a key on a free-operant avoidance schedule in which no exteroceptive stimulus signalled impending shock. Response rate was an inverse function of response-shock interval when shock-shock interval was held constant at 2 sec and response-shock intervals varied from 5 to 40 sec. Amphetamine increased response rates in two subjects and reserpine markedly reduced responding in one.
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
1973 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Frequency and magnitude of reinforcement were varied in concurrent variable-interval variable-interval schedules of reinforcement. The relative response rate to the two stimuli did not support the notion that choice approximately matches relative total access to food (the product of frequency and magnitude of reinforcement in one schedule divided by the sum of products of frequency and magnitude in both schedules). Relative response rates matched relative reinforcement value when that measure was ...
Tópico(s): Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
1973 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
João Cláudio Todorov, Jorge Mendes de Oliveira Castro, Elenice S. Hanna, Maria Cristina Neves Bittencourt de, Marcio de Queiroz Barreto,
Five pigeons were exposed to different pairs of concurrent variable‐interval, variable‐interval schedules on nine experimental conditions of 30 sessions each. For every session, the parameters of the generalized matching equation were computed for the first five, six, seven, eight, and nine experimental conditions. The exponent a , both for response and time distribution, tended to decrease with increases in number of experimental conditions and to increase with number of sessions per condition, but ...
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
1983 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Deisy das Graças de Souza, Antônio Bento Alves de Moraes, João Cláudio Todorov,
Five rats were submitted to a signaled free‐operant avoidance contingency. Throughout the experiment, shock intensity was varied from 0.1 to 8.0 mA, with shock duration constant at 200 milleseconds. Results indicate: (a) an all‐or‐none effect of shock intensity on response and shock rates, on percentage of shocks avoided, and on frequency of occurrence of responding during the preshock stimulus; and (b) no systematic effect of shock intensity on stimulus control, measured either by the percentage ...
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
1984 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
João Cláudio Todorov, Elenice S. Hanna, Maria Cristina Neves Bittencourt de Sá,
Two pigeons, with previous exposure to concurrent schedules, were submitted to 29 sessions of 8 hours each with concurrent variable‐interval variable‐interval schedules in which reinforcement parameters changed from session to session. In the first nine sessions reinforcement durations were equal in both schedules while reinforcement frequencies varied; in Sessions 10 through 18, both frequency and duration of reinforcement were varied; in Sessions 19 through 29, only reinforcement duration was ...
Tópico(s): Animal Nutrition and Physiology
1984 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Elenice S. Hanna, Derek Blackman, João Cláudio Todorov,
Six experimentally naive pigeons were exposed to concurrent variable-interval variable-interval schedules in a three-key procedure in which food reinforcement followed pecks on the side keys and pecks on the center key served as changeover responses. In Phase 1, 3 birds were exposed to 20 combinations of five variable-interval values, with each variable-interval value consistently associated with a different color on the side keys. Another 3 pigeons were exposed to the same 20 conditions, but with ...
Tópico(s): Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
1992 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Elenice S. Hanna, João Cláudio Todorov,
O presente trabalho discute o conceito de autocontrole na análise do comportamento nas contribuições de Skinner, Rachlin e Mischel a partir de diferentes usos do termo. Autocontrole envolve: (1) uma resposta controlada (Rc) que é parte de uma ou uma combinação de contingências que programam reforçamento e punição para a mesma resposta; (2) uma história individual que estabelece propriedades aversivas para Rc; (3) um comportamento controlador (Rc') que modifica algum aspecto das condições ambientais envolvidas ...
Tópico(s): Behavioral and Psychological Studies
2002 - UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA | Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Cristiano Coelho, Elenice S. Hanna, João Cláudio Todorov,
O presente trabalho investigou os efeitos de quantias de dinheiro descritas como a alternativa de risco e da instrução sobre o valor subjetivo do reforço. Oito estudantes realizaram escolhas hipotéticas entre quantias de dinheiro certas ou imediatas que eram ajustadas de acordo com o comportamento dos sujeitos, e cinco quantias de magnitudes maiores (V = R$10,00 a R$100.000,00) atrasadas (uma semana a 50 anos) ou probabilísticas (0,05 a 0,95). A instrução positiva descrevia as chances ou o atraso para ...
Tópico(s): Statistics Education and Methodologies
2003 - UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA | Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
The paper by Houmanfar, Rodrigues, & Ward (2010) puts behavioral contingencies in the realm of psychology and metacontingencies (recurrent interlocked behavioral contingencies which result in aggregate products) in the field of sociology. The present work sees the metacontingency as a new behavior analytic concept, not as a matter belonging to a different discipline. It opens a completely new area of research and application not explored by the social sciences. Some examples are presented to exemplify ...
Tópico(s): Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
2010 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
João Cláudio Todorov, Elenice S. Hanna,
O behaviorismo é uma filosofia da ciência preocupada com o tema e métodos da psicologia. Análise docomportamento não é uma área da psicologia, mas uma maneira de estudar o objeto da psicologia. No Brasil, a análise do comportamento começou com a vinda de Fred S. Keller para a Universidade de São Paulo e Universidade de Brasília nos anos 60. O Brasil é hoje o maior centro de análise do comportamento depois dos Estados Unidos e seus pesquisadores publicam nos melhores periódicos nacionais e internacionais. ...
Tópico(s): Child and Animal Learning Development
2010 - UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA | Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
Hélder Lima Gusso, Olga Mitsue Kubo,
A Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva é publicação semestral da Associação Brasileira de Psicoterapia e Medicina Comportamental (ABPMC). A Revista tem como objetivo publicar artigos de abordagem comportamental e cognitiva.
Tópico(s): Education Pedagogy and Practices
2007 - | Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
O artigo analisa os problemas existentes em variedades de definições de Psicologia e expõe as vantagens, do ponto de vista da Análise do Comportamento, de definir-se Psicologia como o estudo de interações organismo-ambiente. As interações organismo-ambiente são tais que podem ser vistas como um continuum em que a passagem da Psicologia para a Biologia ou para as Ciências Sociais é muitas vezes uma questão de convencionar-se limites. A análise experimental do comportamento utiliza-se de contingências ...
Tópico(s): Social Representations and Identity
2007 - UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA | Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
Produção Nacional
João Cláudio Todorov, Márcio Borges Moreira,
O presente trabalho discute os usos do termo motivação na psicologia, apresentado resumida e superficialmente as origens históricas da pesquisa da motivação humana e alguns problemas epistemológicos na conceituação de motivos.Opresente trabalho traz aindaumapequena amostra da variedade das definições de motivação encontradas nos compêndios de psicologia. São discutidos também os conceitos de ciência, psicologia e a questão das hierarquias nos motivos humanos, enfatizando-se a necessidade de reconhecer ...
Tópico(s): Social Representations and Identity
2005 - | Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Laws are written to control behavior. Sometimes the control occurs immediately after its approval by Congress and the sanction of the Presidency. Sometimes the actual control is partial: only a part of the country obeys the law, or only a class of citizens, or the enforcement is slow in being established. The analysis of laws as metacontingencies, as sets of interlocked individual contingencies, helps in the study of how, when, and why laws control behavior. Data from individual cases of adolescents ...
Tópico(s): Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
2005 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
João Cláudio Todorov, Maísa Moreira,
O estudo do comportamento em sociedades foi relegado por quase 50 anos, apesar das reiteradas propostas de Skinner considerando sua importância. No ano de 1980, Sigrid Glenn criou o conceito de metacontingência que contribui como uma importante ferramenta para a descrição e análise do comportamento social. Neste artigo são apresentados alguns estudos envolvendo metacontingências e discute-se o papel do analista do comportamento no desenvolvimento de temas que abordam questões sociais, incluindo ...
Tópico(s): Child and Animal Learning Development
2004 - Springer Science+Business Media | Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica
Cultural practices are maintained by social contingencies that prevail in a given society, group or organization. Behavior analysts have dealt mostly with cultural practices while individual behavior has been examined through the experimental analysis of operant behavior. Metacontingency is a generic concept encompassing the behavior of persons in groups leading to aggregate products, some effect on the environment that is possible through the result of interlocked behavioral contingencies. The ...
Tópico(s): Media, Communication, and Education
2013 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Sigrid S. Glenn, Maria E. Malott, Maria Amalia Pia Abib Andery, Marcelo Frota Lobato Benvenuti, Ramona A. Houmanfar, Ingunn Sandaker, João Cláudio Todorov, Emmanuel Zagury Tourinho, Laércia Abreu Vasconcelos,
This article represents an attempt to reach consensus on terms frequently used by its authors, who share an interest in extending a behaviorist worldview to cultural phenomena. Definitions of metacontingency, macrobehavior, macrocontingency, culturo-behavioral lineage, and cultural cusp were agreed on and are reported in this aper. In addition, the paper presents additional points its authors discussed in arriving at the definitions rovided. It is expected that this terminology will continue to ...
Tópico(s): Child and Animal Learning Development
2016 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Lucas Couto de Carvalho, Kalliu Carvalho Couto, Nayara de Souza Gois, Ingunn Sandaker, João Cláudio Todorov,
Behavior analysis has given increasing attention to persons within groups over the past few years. An experimental analog of a metacontingency, its interlocking behavioral contingencies (IBCs) and aggregate products (APs) is replicated in this paper. Two experiments were conducted in which pairs of participants were asked to coordinate their responses in order to achieve a common goal. Each participant moved a playing piece around a virtual chessboard where meetings in adjacent cells within specific ...
Tópico(s): Cultural Differences and Values
2016 - Taylor & Francis | European Journal of Behavior Analysis
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Rafaela M. Fontes, João Cláudio Todorov, Timothy A. Shahan,
Resurgence is often defined as the recurrence of an extinguished behavior when a more recently reinforced alternative behavior is also extinguished. Resurgence has also been observed when the alternative behavior is devalued by other means (e.g., reinforcement rate or magnitude reductions). The present study investigated whether punishment of an alternative behavior would generate resurgence. A target response was reinforced during Phase 1 and then extinguished in Phase 2 while an alternative response ...
Tópico(s): Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
2018 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Lucas Couto de Carvalho, Letícia dos Santos, Alceu Regaço, Kalliu Carvalho Couto, Deisy das Graças de Souza, João Cláudio Todorov,
Coordinated responses of 5 dyads of rats were investigated under fixed‐ratio (FR) schedules of mutual water reinforcement. Coordinated responding was defined as 2 consecutive lever‐presses, 1 from each of 2 rats, occurring <.5 s apart. In the FR schedules, each coordinated episode was defined as 1 response in the FR sequence. The size of FR schedules was parametrically manipulated assuming the values of FR 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 50, and 9, in this order. Each FR remained in effect until responding reached ...
Tópico(s): Primate Behavior and Ecology
2020 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Pigeons' key‐pecking responses were maintained under concurrently available variable‐interval schedules of reinforcement. Responses in the presence of two different key‐colors were reinforced on two independent and concurrent variable‐interval schedules of food reinforcement, each associated with one of the key colors (red or green). Pecks at a second key (changeover key), always white, would alternate the colors on the main key. In Exp. 1 and 2, electric shock of 50 msec duration followed immediately ...
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
1971 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
João Cláudio Todorov, S. R. P. Gorayeb, D. L. Corr�a, Frederico Guilherme Graeff,
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
1972 - Springer Science+Business Media | Psychopharmacology
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Pigeons were trained on a multiple variable-interval 30-sec, variable-interval 90-sec schedule with each component presented alternately for an equal (on the average) duration. This average duration of exposure to each component was varied from 5 to 300 sec. The main concern was with rate of response in the variable-interval 30-sec component relative to rate of response in the variable-interval 90-sec component. In all cases, rate of response was higher in the variable-interval 30 sec component, ...
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
1972 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Produção Nacional
esculpem-me a ousadia. Nada em meu curriculo me credencia a falar de constituicao ex cathedra. E claro que se falasse como cidadao ninguem estranharia; pelo contrario: estamos todos incentivando o cidadao a se manifestar qua cidadao. As desculpas antecipadas vao por conta do fato de que ouso escrever enquanto psicologo, do tipo experimental, variedade behaviorista radical
Tópico(s): Comparative constitutional jurisprudence studies
1987 - Conselho Federal de Psicologia | Psicologia Ciência e Profissão
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Behavior analysis is usually seen as the experimental analysis of individual behavior, a distinctive contribution of the field to psychology in general. But what characterizes behavior analysis since Skinner’s days is the scientific method, not only experimentation, and not exclusively individual behavior. Behavior analysis as science may use field observation, for instance. Prediction and confirmation or disconfirmation do not require experimentation. The present work discusses some examples of ...
Tópico(s): Language and cultural evolution
2009 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
João Cláudio Todorov, Márcio Borges Moreira, Ricardo Corrêa Martone,
O Sistema Personalizado de Ensino (PSI), amplamente utilizado nos anos 1970, e a Educação à Distância (EAD) são duas metodologias de ensino que rompem com modelos tradicionais de educação, nos quais o centro crítico de transmissão de informação é o professor. O presente trabalho apresenta as principais características dessas duas formas de ensinar, ressaltando suas similaridades. Alguns estudos nos quais PSI e EAD foram utilizados em conjunto são descritos e as vantagens de tal junção são discutidas. ...
Tópico(s): Education during COVID-19 pandemic
2009 - UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA | Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
A new concept is justifiable when it enlarges our understanding of the phenomena under investigation. Sigrid Glenn's definition and refinements of the concept opened the field of investigation on the third level of selection: the cultural level. It is a new road for behavior analysis, with new and unknown difficulties. Objections to the concept as unnecessary usually are advanced by researchers who have specialized in the experimental investigation of individual behavior, either basic or applied. ...
Tópico(s): Cognitive and psychological constructs research
2006 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
I want to thank João Claudio Todorov for the privilege of attending a most stimulating and well organized gathering, and for his outstanding hospitality and powerful intellectual ...
Tópico(s): Child and Animal Learning Development
2006 - Springer Science+Business Media | Behavior and Social Issues
Produção Nacional
A Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva é publicação semestral da Associação Brasileira de Psicoterapia e Medicina Comportamental (ABPMC). A Revista tem como objetivo publicar artigos de abordagem comportamental e cognitiva.
Tópico(s): Psychology and Mental Health
2001 - | Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva