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Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Bengt Holmström, John Roberts,

Both transaction cost-economics and property-rights theories offer explanations of the boundaries of the firm based on ideas of ex post bargaining and holdup. These theories are quite distinct in their empirical predictions, but neither offers a satisfactory account of a large variety of observed practices. The authors discuss a number of such examples, where the boundaries of the firm seem to be determined by factors other than the need to protect investments, and where other mechanisms than the ...

Tópico(s): Corporate Insolvency and Governance

1998 - American Economic Association | The Journal of Economic Perspectives

Jornais Acesso aberto

FROM PETER DUNN, From JOHN YOUNG-Cambridge, March 8, FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT-Salisbury, March 8, BY OUR COMMONWEALTH STAFF, By GEORGE PULAY, By GEORGE CLARK, FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT, BY OUR POLITICAL STAFF, By Our Science Reporter, BY A STAFF REPORTER, FROM A STAFF REPORTER, By ARTHUR REED, Air Correspondent, By STUART MARSHALL, From STEWART HARRIS-Binh Dai, March 8, From DAVID BONAVIA-Saigon, March 8, FROM A SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT, FROM DESSA TREVISAN, By CHARLES DOUGLAS-HOME, Defence Correspondent, FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT-Bonn, March 8, FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT-New York, Mar. 8, By MICHAEL BAILY, Transport Correspondent, FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT-Washington, March 8, By Nature-Times News Service, By GEOFFREY GREEN, Football Correspondent, From NEIL ALLEN, By U. A. TITLEY, Rugby Correspondent, By ROBIN MARLAR, From JOHN WOODCOCK-Castries, St. Lucia, March 8, By JIM SNOW, Northern Racing Correspondent, By MICHAEL PHILLIPS, Racing Correspondent, From Mr. James Raimes, JAMES RAIMES., From Professor Patrick Fitzgerald and others, PATRICK FITZGERALD., HARRY BLOOM., TOM HADDEN., From Mr. Anthony Berry, Conservative, ANTHONY BERRY., From Professor Marshall, ROY MARSHALL., From Mr. Evelyn King, Conservative M.P. for Dorset, South, EVELYN KING., From Mr. L. Dockerty, L. DOCKERTY., From Mr. Chris Phillips, CHRIS PHILLIPS., From Lord Norwich, NORWICH., From Mrs. Yolande Churchill, YOLANDE CHURCHILL., By Dr. Mervyn Davies, From Brigadier Sir John Smyth, V.C., JACKIE SMYTH., From Dr. V. Caston, V. CASTON., From the Rev. J. C. Norton, J. C. NORTON., By C. C. Aronsfeld, By BEVIS HILLIER, Sale Room Correspondent, By KEITH PAYNE, Banking Correspondent, From PETER JAY, Economics Editor, Geneva, March 8, By DAVID JONES, From DAVID SPANIER, US Economic Correspondent Washington, March 8, By BERRY RITCHIE, Mining Editor, From MICHAEL HATFIELD-Westminster, March 8, Mr. F. N. Mansager's Annual Statement, From Mr. A. G. James, A. G. JAMES, , By JOHN GILMORE, By JOHN CARRINGTON, BY OUR MINING EDITOR, From Our Economics Staff-Paris, Mar. 8, JOAN CHISSELL, EUGENE HARTZELL, JOHN PERCIVAL, DAVID WADE, New British works commissioned, WILLIAM MANN, IRVING WARDLE, MALCOLM BRADBURY, MANHOOD BY MICHAEL LEIRIS, RUBY MILLAR, JOHN WARD, P. N. FURBANK, ROY LEWIS, RICHARD HOLMES, ROBERT NYE, MARY CONROY, DAVID LUTYENS, SARAH CURTIS, BEVIS HILLIER, CHRISTINA HOBHOUSE.,

... And His Readers Edited By Laurence Lerner And John Holmstrom, THE TIMES Saturday REVIEW, Hochhuth's next play, ...

1968 - Gale Group | TDA

Artigo Revisado por pares

Andrew S. M. Windsor, Changjiang Wei, Scott A. Holmstrom, John P. D. Martin, Neil B. Manson,

The response of a strongly driven Rabi transition, which is associated with a strongly driven two-level atom, is studied. Such a driven Rabi transition exhibits Mollow splitting including gain features, and the Mollow spectrum associated with the original transition is also altered. We demonstrate that driving the Rabi transition produces a new transition at its own Rabi frequency, which can be driven to exhibit further Mollow splitting. Our experimental results are in good agreement with theory ...

Tópico(s): Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates

1998 - American Physical Society | Physical Review Letters

Artigo Revisado por pares

Umberto Veronesi, Natale Cascinelli, Jerzy Adamus, Charles M. Balch, D. C. Bandiera, Barchuk As, Rosaria Bufalino, Peter D. Craig, Jaime De Marsillac, J.C. Durand, Albertus N. van Geel, Hans Holmström, John Hunter, Ole G. Jørgensen, Béla Kiss, BBR Kroon, J.‐P. Lacour, F. Lejeune, Rona M. MacKie, Zdeněk Mechl, G Mitrov, Alberto Morabito, H Nosek, Renato G. Panizzon, M Prade, Pierluigi Santi, E. van Slooten, R Tomin, Н. Н. Трапезников, Tsanko Tsanov, Marshall M. Urist, K. Wozniak,

Although wide surgical excision is the accepted treatment for thin malignant melanomas, there is reason to believe that narrower margins may be adequate. We conducted a randomized prospective study to assess the efficacy of narrow excision (excision with 1-cm margins) for primary melanomas no thicker than 2 mm. Narrow excision was performed in 305 patients, and wide excision (margins of 3 cm or more) was performed in 307 patients. The major prognostic criteria were well balanced in the two groups. ...

Tópico(s): Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies

1988 - Massachusetts Medical Society | New England Journal of Medicine

Artigo Revisado por pares

L. Rossen, Kim Holmstrøm, John Elmerdahl Olsen, O. F. Rasmussen,

A rapid and simple assay has been developed which allows specific detection of Listeria monocytogenes within 3.5 h in cultures prepared from suspect food samples and propagated 48 h in selective medium. The assay is based on PCR technology, and uses a specific primer set derived from sequences located down-stream of the hlyA gene. The specificity of the primer set was confirmed by testing 115 L. monocytogenes, 14 L. innocua, 5 L. seeligeri and 4 L. ivanovii isolates. The assay was compared to standard ...

Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses

1991 - Elsevier BV | International Journal of Food Microbiology

Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Paul R. Ford, Christopher Carling, Marco Garces, Mauricio Marques, Carlos V. Miguel, Andrew Farrant, Andreas Stenling, J. Peinado Moreno, Franck Le Gall, Stefan Holmström, John H. Salmela, Mark A. Williams,

The developmental activities of 328 elite soccer players aged under-16 years from Brazil, England, France, Ghana, Mexico, Portugal and Sweden were examined using retrospective recall in a cross-sectional research design. The activities were compared to the early diversification, early specialisation, and early engagement pathways. Players started their involvement in soccer at approximately 5 years of age. During childhood, they engaged in soccer practice for a mean value of 185.7, s = 124.0 h · year(- ...

Tópico(s): Children's Physical and Motor Development

2012 - Taylor & Francis | Journal of Sports Sciences

Artigo Revisado por pares

Victoria Johnson, Samuel Ko, Tim H. Holmström, John Eriksson, Sek C. Chow,

ABSTRACT Nuclear morphological changes during apoptosis are very distinct and effector caspases have been implicated to play a central role in these processes. To investigate this in greater detail we examined the effect of blocking caspase activity and its activation on the nuclear morphological change in Jurkat T cells undergoing apoptosis after staurosporine treatment. In the presence of caspase inhibitors, like benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp fluoro-methylketone (z-VAD-FMK), N-acetyl Tyr-Val-Ala- ...

Tópico(s): Trace Elements in Health

2000 - The Company of Biologists | Journal of Cell Science

Revisão

Narinder Rawal, Björn Holmström, John A. Crowhurst, André van Zundert,

Over the last two decades there has been considerable revival of interest in and use of regional anesthesia techniques for surgery and pain management. New drugs, new needle designs, and developments in catheter technology have contributed to improving the quality and safety of regional anesthesia. Several modifications of blockade techniques have been described to improve the efficacy and safety of brachial plexus, femoral, sciatic, and other peripheral nerve blocks. New regional anesthesia techniques, ...

Tópico(s): Spinal Hematomas and Complications

2000 - Elsevier BV | Anesthesiology Clinics of North America

Artigo Revisado por pares

Tim H. Holmström, John Eriksson,

Apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an essential role during development of the immune system, in immune responses, and in the control of tissue homeostasis in the adult. An important physiological mediator of apoptosis is the Fas/APO-1/CD95 receptor (FasR), a surface receptor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family. Apoptosis consists of a series of characteristic features that occur following activation of caspases, a collective term for apoptosis-specific proteases. The focus ...

Tópico(s): Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation

2000 - Begell House | Critical Reviews in Immunology

Jornais Acesso aberto

John Holmstrom, Gordon Rohlehr, David Harrison, Derek Parker, Oliver Whitley, George Steedman, Chris Cviic, Kenneth Robinson, Peter Kemp, Jonathan Miller, Graham Wade, E. S. Turner, Hugh Ottaway, Elaine Feinstein, Paul Overy, Jeremy Verity, Nick Barret, Leiruza, Hans Keller, Edna Maggs, H. Lightly, Gavin Millar, Jane Glover, Jack Waterman, Geoff Robertson, John Elsom, Richard North, Nell Dunn,

The Listener Contents 'Analysis' (Radio 4): God's politics 50 Years Ago 'From Our Own Correspondent' (Radio 4): Ayatollah 2 In search of the White Tribe Brute ...

1979 - Gale Group | The Listener GDA

Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Luísa Faria, Nelson Lima Santos, Vladimir Takšić, Hannu Räty, Bo Molander, Stefan Holmström, John Jansson, Andreja Avses, Natalio Extremera, Pablo Fernández‐Berrocal, Hiroshi Toyota,

Este artigo tem como objectivo discutir a validação intercultural do Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire (ESCQ), sendo constituído por 45 itens divididos em três subescalas – (i) percepção emocional (PE), (ii) expressão emocional (EE) e (iii) capacidade para lidar com a emoção (CLE) –, e classificado como um instrumento de avaliação da “inteligência emocional de tipo traço” ou da “percepção de competência emocional”. Foi originalmente desenvolvido no contexto croata, de acordo com a perspectiva teórica ...

Tópico(s): Cultural Differences and Values

2014 - | Psicologia

Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

S. C. Chow, Marianne Weis, G. E. N. Kass, T. H. Holmstrom, John Eriksson, S Orrenius,

The mechanism of Fas antigen‐mediated apoptosis is at present unclear. We show here that the100,000 × g supernatant from cell lysates prepared from anti‐Fas‐stimulated JURKAT T cells, induces chromatin fragmentation in isolated nuclei with concomitant morphological changes typically seen in apoptosis. The formation of this apoptotic nuclei promoting activity (ANPA) in JURKAT T cells after Fas antigen ligation was blocked by the serine protease inhibitors, TPCK and DCI, and by the interleukin 1‐β‐converting ...

Tópico(s): Immunotherapy and Immune Responses

1995 - Wiley | FEBS Letters

Artigo Revisado por pares

Andrew D. Greentree, Changjiang Wei, Scott A. Holmstrom, John P. D. Martin, Neil B. Manson, Kylie Catchpole, C. M. Savage,

A two-level system is driven by two strong fields, one on resonance and one close to resonance. There is a resonance-like response of the coupled atom-field system when the detuning of the second field is an integer fraction of the Rabi frequency of the resonant field. These subharmonic resonances are monitored by a transition to a third level and give a characteristic spectrum dominated by a series of doublets.

Tópico(s): Quantum Information and Cryptography

1999 - IOP Publishing | Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Artigo Revisado por pares

K. R. DeHaan, G.T Vessey, D. A. Holmstrom, John Macleod, J. B. Sanderson, M.R Carter,

The adoption of soil conservation practices is often dependent on linking reductions in crop productivity to declines in soil and land quality. A bulk yield monitoring system was installed on a commercial potato harvester for the purpose of showing a relationship between potato yield and the level of degradation on fine sandy loam soils (Orthic Podzols) in the cool, humid climate of Prince Edward Island, Atlantic Canada. Although data are preliminary, initial results indicate that potato yields will ...

Tópico(s): Tree Root and Stability Studies

1999 - Elsevier BV | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Ryan A. J. Campagna, Dustin A. Carlson, Eric S. Hungness, Amy L. Holmstrom, John E. Pandolfino, Nathaniel J. Soper, Ezra N. Teitelbaum,

The functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) can evaluate esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility and esophageal peristalsis in real time. FLIP measurements performed during diagnostic endoscopy can accurately discriminate between healthy controls and patients with achalasia based on EGJ-distensibility and distinct motility patterns termed repetitive antegrade contractions (RACs) and repetitive retrograde contractions (RRCs). We sought to evaluate real-time motility changes in patients undergoing ...

Tópico(s): Esophageal and GI Pathology

2019 - Springer Science+Business Media | Surgical Endoscopy

Jornais Acesso aberto

By Ian Morison Financial Correspondent, From Robert Fisk, From David Bonavia, From a Staff Reporter, From Michael Leapman, By Geraldine Norman Sale Room Correspondent, From Our Correspondent, By Our Labour Correspondent, By a Staff Reporter, By Our Motoring Correspondent, By George Clark Political Staff, By Our Local Government Correspondent, By Our Education Correspondent, By Our Labour Staff, From Harry Golombek Chess Correspondent, From Jobn Roper Medical Reporter, By Our Agricultural Correspondent, From Ronald Kershaw, Tony Aldous, By Christopher Warman Local Government Correspondent, From David Cross, From Our Own Correspondent, From Dan van der Vat, From Richard Wigg, From Our Own CorresPondent, From Charles Hargrove, From Paul Martin, From Anthony Thomas, Sheila Black, By Norman Hammond Archaeological Correspondent, By Our Diplomatic Correspondent, Katie Stewart, Iverach McDonald, Michael Ratcliffe, Philippa Toomey, By Our Medical Correspondent, Edward Candy, H. R. F. Keating, From Our Diplomatic Correspondent, John Percival, Irving Wardle, Alan Blyth, Thomas Walker, Alan Coren, Leonard Buckley, Charles Lewsen, By John Woodcock cricket Correspondent, By John Nicholls, By Jim Railton, By Rex Bellamy Tennis Correspondent, By Michael Phillips Racing Correspondent, By Norman Fox, From Dudley Doust, By Andrew Porter, by Geoffrey Weston, by Patrick O'Leary, David Bonavia, PHS, Fred Emery, Bernard Levin, KENNET, , J. EDWIN HOLMSTROM, , TREVOR LLOYD, , ENID LAKEMAN, , JOHN REDWOOD, , JAMES REEVES, , PATRICK LORT-PHILLIPS, , RITCHIE OF DUNDEE, , ANGUS A. ROBBIE, , PETER HAIN, , A. W. MURDOCH, , K. H. OLDAKER, , DAVID J. A. GRIFFITHS, , TREVELYAN, , D. N. CHESTER, , ANTHONY WARRENDER, , C. E. FOISTER, , DONALD TYERMAN, , CHARLES SPARROW, , D. HEATHCOAT-AMORY, , By Melvyn Westlake, By John Woodland, From Our United States Economics Correspondent, By Margaret Stone, By Paul Routledge Labour Correspondent, By Anthony Rowley, By Roger Vielvoye, By Christopher Wilkins, By Dennis Dwyer, From Arthur Reed Air Correspondent, By Malcolm Brown, From John Earle, THOMAS BALOGH, , K. LINFORD, From David Wigg, ELINOR M. PHILPOTT, , FRED GROVER, JAHN PICKUP, , REV JOHN H. S. BURTON, , BY THE FINANCIAL EDITOR, Geoffrey Bell, Andrew Wilson, Christopher Wilkins, Peter Waymark,

News: Cholera threat to 170 holiday makers, Mr Goad leaves union to work on farm, The modest mansion with an aristocratic pedigree, Mr Tanaka admits trade ...

1973 - Gale Group | TDA

Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

M. Wilber, Sarah M. Chinn, James C. Beasley, Raoul K. Boughton, Ryan K. Brook, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Justin W. Fischer, Stephen B. Hartley, Lindsey Holmstrom, John C. Kilgo, Jesse S. Lewis, Ryan S. Miller, Nathan P. Snow, Kurt C. VerCauteren, Samantha M. Wisely, Colleen T. Webb, Kim M. Pepin,

Functional responses describe how changing resource availability affects consumer resource use, thus providing a mechanistic approach to prediction of the invasibility and potential damage of invasive alien species (IAS). However, functional responses can be context dependent, varying with resource characteristics and availability, consumer attributes, and environmental variables. Identifying context dependencies can allow invasion and damage risk to be predicted across different ecoregions. Understanding ...

Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies

2019 - Wiley | Ecological Applications

Jornais Acesso aberto

By Michael Hatfield Political Staff, By Our Political Staff, By Edward Townsend, By Paul Routledge Labour Editor, From Fred a Emery, From David Cross, From Peter Strafford, From Tim Jones, From Robert Fisk, From a Staff Reporter, By Geoffrey Smith Political Staff, By John Roper Medical Reporter, By Tim Devlin Education Correspondent, By a Staff Reporter, By Penny Symon, From Pearce Wright Science Correspondent, By Martin Huckerby, From Christopher Warman, Hugh Clayton, By Clifford Longley Religious Affairs Correspondent, By Our Education Correspondent, From Harry Debelius, From Our Correspondent, By Our Diplomatic Staff, From Peter Nichols, From Craig Seton Parliamentary Staff, From Charles Hargrove, From Our Own Correspondent, From Patrick Brogan, From Eric Marsden, From Michael Hornsby, From Dessa Trevisan, From Edmund Stevens, By Pamela Macgregor-Morris, From Peter Ryde Golf Correspondent, By Rex Bellamy Squash Rackets Correspondent, By Norman Fox, By Michaél Phillips Racing Correspondent, By Neil Allen Boxing Correspondent, By Brough Scott, By John Blunsden, From Pierre Guillot French Racing Correspondent, European Parliament, By Gabriel Ronay, Gerald Ely, David Robinson, Paul Moor, William Mann, Miles Kington, Stephen Walsh, Joan Chissell, Regina v Sergeant, Michael Hornsby, Louis Heren, Robert Fisk, PHS, Roy Lewis, H. F. MACDONALD, , NORMAN ATKINSON, , SYDNEY BIDWELL, , RUSSELL-KERR, , IAN MIKARDO, , STAN NEWENS, , JO RICHARDSON, , JIM SEDGEMORE, , TONY FIRTH, , GAY FIRTH, , J. PHELAN, , JOHN MAY, , ROSALIND BYRNE, SRN and Health Visitor, , EDWARD du CANN, , CHELWOOD, , TOM BOARDMAN, , DAVID PRIC, , RENNETH CORLEY, , JEREMY I' SAVAGE, , GAGE, , R. STAGG, , E. W. PLAYFAIR, , Jonathan Power, Caroline Moorehead, Ronald Irving, By Our Sale Room Correspondent, By Peter Strafford and Geraldine Norman, From Frank Vogl, By Roger Vielvoye, From Roger Berthoud, By Melvyn Westlake, By Our Northern Industrial Correspondent, By Terry Byland, By Anthony Rowley, By Christopher Wilkins, By Maurice Corina Industrial Editor, By Derek Harris, From John Earle, By David Young, D. A. SENIOR, , J. EDWIN HOLMSTROM, , PETER L. LANTOS, , DAVID MCCORMICK, , GORDON PARKER, , C. J. RUSSELL, , BY THE FINANCIAL EDITOR, Peter Jay, Economics Editor, examines reflation, Arthur Reed, Mr Denis Healey Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr Gordon Richardson Governor of the Bank of England, Mr George Loveday, Chairman of the Stock Exchange, By David Mott, By John Woodland, Andrew Wilson, by Patrick O'Leary, P.O'L., by Simon Bucks, S.B.,

News: Ford compromise with Congress over Turkey, Mr Heath is ready to meer MPs, Owner arrested after 18 die in Seoul hotel fire, Your right to a receipt, ...

1974 - Gale Group | TDA

Artigo Acesso aberto Revisado por pares

Fotios Petropoulos, Gilbert Laporte, Emel Aktaş, Sibel A. Alumur, Claudia Archetti, Hayriye Ayhan, Maria Battarra, Julia A. Bennell, Jean-Marie Bourjolly, John E. Boylan, Michèle Breton, David Canca, Laurent Charlin, Bo Chen, Cihan Tugrul Cicek, Louis Anthony Cox, Christine S. M. Currie, Erik Demeulemeester, Ding Li, Stephen Michael Disney, Matthias Ehrgott, Martin J. Eppler, Güneş Erdoğan, Bernard Fortz, L. Alberto Franco, Jens Frische, Salvatore Greco, Amanda Gregory, Raimo P. Hämäläinen, Willy Herroelen, Mike Hewitt, Jan Holmström, John Hooker, Tuğçe Işık, Jill Johnes, Bahar Y. Kara, Özlem Karsu, Katherine Kent, Charlotte Köhler, Martin Kunc, Yonghong Kuo, Adam N. Letchford, Janny H.C. Leung, Dong Li, Haitao Li, Judit Lienert, Ivana Ljubić, Andrea Lodi, Sebastián Lozano, Virginie Lurkin, Silvano Martello, Ian G. McHale, Gerald Midgley, John Morecroft, Akshay Mutha, Ceyda Oğuz, Sanja Petrović, Ulrich Pferschy, Harilaos N. Psaraftis, Sam Rose, Lauri Saarinen, Saı̈d Salhi, Jing-Sheng Song, Dimitris Sotiros, Kathryn E. Stecke, Arne Strauss, İstenç Tarhan, Clemens Thielen, Paolo Toth, Tom Van Woensel, Greet Vanden Berghe, Christos Vasilakis, Vikrant Vaze, Daniele Vigo, Kai Virtanen, Xun Wang, Rafał Weron, Leroy White, Mike Yearworth, E. Alper Yıldırım, Georges Zaccour, Xuying Zhao,

Throughout its history, Operational Research has evolved to include methods, models and algorithms that have been applied to a wide range of contexts. This encyclopedic article consists of two main sections: methods and applications. The first summarises the up-to-date knowledge and provides an overview of the state-of-the-art methods and key developments in the various subdomains of the field. The second offers a wide-ranging list of areas where Operational Research has been applied. The article ...

Tópico(s): Transportation and Mobility Innovations

2023 - Palgrave Macmillan | Journal of the Operational Research Society