By Nicholas Timmins, Social Services Correspondent, By Jonathan Davis, Business Correspondent, By Anthony Bevins Political Correspondent, From Michael Baily Transport Editor, From Michael Binyon, By Paul Routledge, Labour Editor, By Edward Townsend Industrial Correspondent, By Philip Websten, Richard Ford, By a Staff Reporter, By Julian Haviland Political Editor, By Anthony Bevins, Political Correspondent, By Philip Webster Political Reporter, By Patricia Clough, Barrie Clement, By Stewart Tendler Crime Reporter, By Clifford Webb, By Hugh Clayton Local Government Correspondent, By Lucy Hodges, Education Correspondent, By Derek Harris, Commercial Editor, By Pearce Wright, Science Editor, From Frances Gibb, Legal Affairs Correspondent., , By Our Commercial Editor, By Michael Horsnell, Geoffrey Smith, From Richard Wigg, From Thomson Prentice, From our Own Correspondent, From Ian Murray, , From Rasit Gurdilek, , From Our Own Correspondent, From Rodney Cowton, Defence Correspondent, , From Douglas Tweedale, , From Michael Binyon, , From Christopher Walker, From David Watts, From Richard Owen, , From Diana Geddes, From Christopher Follett, , From Donovan Moldrich, , By Colin Harding, by Suzy Menkes, Charles Knevitt, Holly Hill, by John Preston, Paul Griffiths, Dennis Hackett, John Percival, Anthony Masters, Stephen Aris, Peter Stothard, Bernard Levin:, Robin Cook, Digby Anderson, JOHN BURNETT, , W. R. BAWDEN, , MICHAEL BEAUMONT, , MERVYN HISKETT, , DAVID LANE, , A. C. TODD, , A. J. BATE, , TERRY M. MASSEY, , ALAN J. DUNCAN, , IAN V. ODDY, , JOHN M. PHILLIPS., TONY CHRISTOPHER, , KENNETH G. FRY, RICHARD TAMPLIN, , McNAIR, , DAVID HARGREAVES, , ANN PARRY, , RIDLEY, From Bill Johnstone, Technology Correspondent, , By Alan Toogood Horticulture Correspondent, Executive Editor Kenneth Fleet, From Bailey Morris, , by Jeremy Warner, By David Smith, Economics Correspondent, By Judith Huntley, Commercial Property Correspondent, By Christopher Dunn, By Derek Pain, Pam Spooner, By David Smith, By Leslie Duxbury, By Clive White, By Paul Newman, By Michael Rowbottom, By Stuart Jones Football Correspondent, Schools football by George Chesterton, By Peter Ball, By Gerald Davies, By Peter Marson, By David Hands, Rugby Correspondent, By Colin McQuillan, From Chris Moore, By Rex Bellamy Tennis Correspondent, By Lewine Mair, From Richard Streeton., By Richard Eaton, By George Ace, By John Karter, By Mandarin, By Christopher Warman Property Correspondent, Peter Davalle, by Peter Dear, By Craig Seton, PH, Alan Hamilton,
... in 'relaunch', Strike abandoned in N Wales pits, Siles Zuazo may quit, Where is the ballot on ...
1984 - Gale Group | TDA
Michael Lee, Christine E. Napier, Sile F. Yang, Jonathan W. Arthur, Roger R. Reddel, Hilda A. Pickett,
Telomeres are regions of repetitive DNA at the ends of human chromosomes that function to maintain the integrity of the genome. Telomere attrition is associated with cellular ageing, whilst telomere maintenance is a prerequisite for malignant transformation. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) captures sequence information from the entire genome, including the telomeres, and is increasingly being applied in research and in the clinic. Several bioinformatics tools have been designed to determine telomere ...
Tópico(s): Congenital heart defects research
2016 - Elsevier BV | Methods
From Nicholas Ashford, From Peter Nichols, By Rodney Cowton, By Stewart Tendler, Crime Reporter, By George Clark, Political Staff, By Rupert Morris, By George Clark, By Amanda Haigh, By Our Political Staff, By Nicholas Timmins, By Donald Macintyre, Labour Correspondent, From Arthur Osman, By Clive Cookson Technology Correspondent, By Lucy Hodges, Education Correspondent, By Clifford Longley, Religious Affairs Correspondent, By Hugh Clayton Environment Correspondent, By Our Local Government Correspondent, By Francis Gibb Legal Correspondent, By Michael Horsnell, By a Special Correspondent, By David Walker Local Government Correspondent, By Bodney Cowton, Defence Correspondent, From Patricia Clough, From Christopher Walker, From Andrew Thompson, From Charles Harrison, From Mario Modiano, Duncan Fallowell, From Richard Owen, From Our Correspondent, From Richard Wigg, Mark Boxer, From Alan McGregor, By Caroline Moorehead, From a Bridge Correspondent, Bryan Appleyard, Noël Goodwin, Richard Williams, Hilary Finch, Nicholas Kenyon, Peter Ackroyd, John Percival, PHS, by Rodney Bickerstaffe, George Brock, by Philip Howard, Gerald Kaufman, Max Beloff, CRISTOPHER MARTIN, NORAH SARKIES, C. J. CORNWALL, JULIAN LE GRAND, P. WILES, JOHN MELVIN, DAVID PRICE, A. J. PACKE, RICHARD OLLARD, FRANCOIS LOMBARD, PONTUS HULTON, JEREMY MITCHELL, MARK BELLIS, MAHDI AL-TAJIR, GEOFFREY BEST, PETER BIDDLECOMBE, City Editor Anthony Hilton, From Bailey Morris, By Gareth David, Andrew Cornelius, By Barrie Clement, By Jonathan Davis, Energy Correspondent, By Edward Townsend, Industrial Correspondent, By Barron Phillips, Property Correspondent, By Our Financial Staff, Barrie Clement, Maxwell Newton, By Stuart Jones, Football Correspondent, By Vince Wright, By Stuart Jones, By Paul Newman, By Nicholas Harling, By Paul Harrison, By Sydney Friskin, By Michael Phillips, Racing Correspondent, By Our Racing Staff, From Desmond Stoneham, From our Irish Correspondent, By Lewine Mair, By Keith Macklin, From Mitchell Platts, By Peter Aykroyd, By Peter West, Rugby Correspondent, By Nicholas Keith, By Iain Mackenzie, By Gordon Allan, By David Hands, By Gerald Davies, By Pamela Macgregor-Morris, From Michael Coleman, Front a Special Correspondent, From Richard Streeton, By Pat Butcher, By Baron Phillips, Edited by Peter Dear, From Julian Haviland, Political Editor, By Donald Macintyre Labour Correspondent,
... fears over new killing, Innocents caught in crossfire, Siles Zuazo sworn in as Bolivian President, Israel and ...
1982 - Gale Group | TDA
Heloise Lima Fernandes Agreli, Fiona Barry, Aileen Burton, Sile A. Creedon, Jonathan Drennan, Dinah Gould, Carl May, Maura P. Smiddy, Michael Murphy, Siobhan Murphy, Eileen Savage, Teresa Wills, Josephine Hegarty,
Objective The aim of this study was to explore how infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines are used and understood by healthcare professionals, patients and families. Design Ethnographic study with 59 hours of non-participant observation and 57 conversational interviews. Data analysis was underpinned by the Normalization Process Theory (NPT) as a theoretical framework. Setting Four hospitals in Ireland. Participants Healthcare professionals, patient and families. Results Five themes emerged ...
Tópico(s): Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
2019 - BMJ | BMJ Open
Min Zhang, Xiaoxiong Bai, Ying Wang, Yan Li, Yongxing Cui, Sile Hu, M. Adams Jonathan, Liguo Dong, Xuan Yu,
Soil microorganisms play an essential role in soil carbon sequestration and stability in forest ecosystems. However, how trade-offs in distinct microbial traits affect soil carbon storage and stability remains largely unknown, especially for forest soils that stock significant amounts of organic carbon. Here, we assessed the influences of the chronosequence of Robinia pseudoacacia (8, 18, and 30 years) on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and further explored the specific roles of microbial taxa ...
Tópico(s): Gut microbiota and health
2022 - Elsevier BV | CATENA
Qing Zhang, Hongda Zhang, Guanghao Qin, Yi Wu, Yilin Song, Lanting Yang, Sile Yu, Xingru He, Jonathan E. Moore, Salissou Moutari, Christoph Palme, Ling Xu, Wei He, Emmanuel Eric Pazo,
Purpose: Diquafosol ophthalmic solution (DQS) stimulates P2Y2 receptors on the ocular surface, which enhances mucin secretion from goblet cells. Therefore, tear film stability and hydration of the ocular surface can be achieved independent from lacrimal gland function. Methods: This prospective, open-label pilot study included 60 eyes of 30 diabetic patients diagnosed with dry eye disease (DED) and were randomly assigned to either DQS (n = 30 eyes) or hyaluronate (HA) group (n = 30 eyes). Participants in ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Glycation End Products research
2022 - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. | Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Yong Yang, Yuta Ooka, Ruth M. Thompson, Jonathan Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
A hollow bottle-like microresonator (BLMR) with ultra-high quality factor is fabricated from a microcapillary with nearly parabolic profile. At 1.55 $\mu m$ pumping, degenerate four-wave mixing can be observed for a BLMR of diameter 102 $\mu$m. The parabolic profile of the BLMR guarantees a nearly zero waveguide dispersion, which is theoretically discussed in detail. From the simulation, at 1.55 $\mu$m wavelength in such a BLMR, the fundamental bottle mode is in the anomalous dispersion regime, whilst ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2016 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Letters
Jibo Yu, Jiquan Zhang, Ruixuan Wang, A. Li, Mengmeng Zhang, S. Wang, Pengfei Wang, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
We present a method for making microbubble whispering gallery resonators (WGRs) from tellurite, which is a soft glass, using a CO 2 laser. The customized fabrication process permits us to process glasses with low melting points into microbubbles with loaded quality factors as high as 2.3 × 10 6 . The advantage of soft glasses is that they provide a wide range of refractive index, thermo-optical, and optomechanical properties. The temperature and air pressure dependent optical characteristics of both ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2020 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Express
Yuqiang Wu, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Upconversion lasing and fluorescence from active microspheres fabricated from a novel fluorozirconate, Er3+ doped glass, ZBNA (ZrF4–BaF2–NaF–AlF3), when pumped at 978 nm via a tapered optical fiber is demonstrated. An ultralow, green lasing threshold of ∼3 μW for 550 nm emissions is measured. This is one order of magnitude lower than that previously reported for ZBLAN (ZrF4–BaF2–LaF3–AlF3–NaF) microspheres. Optical bistability effects in ZBNA microspheres are reported and the bistable mechanism is ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2010 - American Institute of Physics | Journal of Applied Physics
Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
We demonstrate an all-optical, thermally assisted technique for broad-range tuning of whispering gallery modes in microsphere resonators fabricated from an Er:Yb co-doped phosphate glass (IOG-2). The microspheres are pumped at 978 nm and the heat generated by absorption of the pump expands the cavity, thereby altering the cavity size and refractive index. We demonstrate a significant nonlinear tuning range of greater than 700 GHz of both C- and L-band cavity emissions via pumping through a tapered ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2010 - Springer Science+Business Media | Applied Physics B
Yong Yang, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Optical properties and sensing capabilities of fused silica microbubbles were studied numerically using a finite element method.Mode characteristics, such as quality factor (Q) and effective refractive index, were determined for different bubble diameters and shell thicknesses.For sensing applications with whispering gallery modes (WGMs), thinner shells yield improved sensitivity.However, the Q-factor decreases with reduced thickness and this limits the final resolution.Three types of sensing applications ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2014 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Express
Yong Yang, Sunny Saurabh, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Coupled-mode induced transparency is realized in a single microbubble whispering gallery mode resonator. Using aerostatic tuning, we find that the pressure induced shifting rates are different for different radial order modes. A finite element simulation considering both the strain and stress effects shows a GHz/bar difference and this is confirmed by experiments. A transparency spectrum is obtained when a first order mode shifts across a higher order mode through precise pressure tuning. The resulting ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
2015 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Letters
Yuta Ooka, Yong Yang, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
We report on the fabrication of an ultrahigh quality factor, bottle-like microresonator from a microcapillary, and the realization of Raman lasing therein at pump wavelengths of $1.55~\mathrm{\mu m}$ and $780~\mathrm{nm}$. The dependence of the Raman laser threshold on mode volume is investigated. The mode volume of the fundamental bottle mode is calculated and compared with that of a microsphere. Third-order cascaded Raman lasing was observed when pumped at $780~\mathrm{nm}$. In principle, Raman lasing ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2015 - Institute of Physics | Applied Physics Express
Yong Yang, Sunny Saurabh, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Sensors based on whispering gallery resonators have minute footprints and can push achievable sensitivities and resolutions to their limits.Here, we use a microbubble resonator, with a wall thickness of 500 nm and an intrinsic Q-factor of 10 7 in the telecommunications C-band, to investigate aerostatic pressure sensing via stress and strain of the material.The microbubble is made using two counter-propagating CO 2 laser beams focused onto a microcapillary.The measured sensitivity is 19 GHz/bar at ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2016 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Express
Ramgopal Madugani, Yong Yang, Vu H. Le, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
The tunability of an optical cavity is an essential requirement for many areas of research. Here, we use the Pound-Drever-Hall technique to lock a laser to a whispering gallery mode (WGM) of a microbubble resonator, to show that linear tuning of the WGM, and the corresponding locked laser, display almost zero hysteresis. By applying aerostatic pressure to the interior surface of the microbubble resonator, optical mode shift rates of around $58$ GHz/MPa are achieved. The microbubble can measure pressure ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2016 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
Xin Wang, Yongze Yu, Shunbin Wang, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic, Pengfei Wang,
Enhanced upconversion lasing and luminescence is obtained in a transparent compound fluorosilicate glass co-doped with Yb3+ and Er3+ ions. The sample is prepared by a conventional melt-quenching technique followed by a heat treatment, and a very high upconversion efficiency (quantum yield >1%) is achieved. The physical processes involved start from a phase-separated, as-melt fluorosilicate glass consisting of fluorine-rich domains, which provide the low phonon energy environment for Er3+ ions. In ...
Tópico(s): Solid State Laser Technologies
2018 - Optica Publishing Group | OSA Continuum
Amy Watkins, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
We present experimental results on an all-optical, thermally-assisted technique for broad range tuning of microsphere cavity resonance modes to arbitrary probe wavelengths. An erbium:ytterbium co-doped phosphate glass (Schott IOG-2) microsphere is pumped at 978 nm via the supporting stem and the heat generated by absorption of the pump light expands the cavity and changes the refractive index. This is a robust tuning method that decouples the pump from the probe and allows fine tuning of the microsphere' ...
Tópico(s): Photonic Crystals and Applications
2012 - Institute of Physics | Japanese Journal of Applied Physics
Amy Watkins, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
We present experimental results on an all-optical, thermally-assisted technique for broad range tuning of microsphere cavity resonance modes to arbitrary probe wavelengths. An erbium:ytterbium co-doped phosphate glass (Schott IOG-2) microsphere is pumped at 978 nm via the supporting stem and the heat generated by absorption of the pump light expands the cavity and changes the refractive index. This is a robust tuning method that decouples the pump from the probe and allows fine tuning of the microsphere' ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2012 - Institute of Physics | Japanese Journal of Applied Physics
Yong Yang, Ramgopal Madugani, Sho Kasumie, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
In whispering gallery mode resonator sensing applications, the conventional way to detect a change in the parameter to be measured is by observing the steady state transmission spectrum through the coupling waveguide. Alternatively, cavity ring-up spectroscopy (CRUS) sensing can be achieved transiently. In this work, we investigate CRUS using coupled mode equations and find analytical solutions with a large spectral broadening approximation of the input pulse. The relationships between the frequency ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2016 - Springer Science+Business Media | Applied Physics B
Omesha N. Perera, Alexander P. Sobinoff, Erdahl Teber, Ashley Harman, Michelle F. Maritz, Sile F. Yang, Hilda A. Pickett, Anthony J. Cesare, Jonathan W. Arthur, Karen L. MacKenzie, Tracy M. Bryan,
The telomerase protein hTERT has a noncanonical role in promoting telomere protection by heat shock protein 70.
Tópico(s): Cancer Research and Treatments
2019 - American Association for the Advancement of Science | Science Advances
Fuchuan Lei, Georgiy Tkachenko, Jonathan M. Ward, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Though they are used widely across optics and photonics, nanofiber waveguides have a critical drawback: their inability to maintain the polarization state of guided light. This study reports a simple, very reliable method for complete polarization control via free-space compensation that is applicable to any nondichroic optical element, including adiabatically tapered single-mode nanofibers. Polarization control is realized by exploiting near-field directional coupling between two crossed nanofiber ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2019 - American Physical Society | Physical Review Applied
Jonathan M. Ward, Patrice Féron, Síle Nic Chormaic,
We report on the realization of an integrated lasing device consisting of a microsphere optical resonator fused to a tapered optical fiber. A microsphere fabricated from Er : Yb-codoped phosphate glass is heated above its glass transition temperature of 375 $^\circ$ C by pumping it at 977 nm with 70 mW via a tapered optical fiber. The onset of thermal stress in the glass at a maximum pumping power results in the sphere melting and fusing to the taper coupler, without inhibition of whispering gallery mode ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
2008 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
Amy Watkins, Jonathan M. Ward, Yuqiang Wu, Síle Nic Chormaic,
A single-input whispering gallery optical microbubble resonator is presented. Spherical microbubbles with diameters less than 100 μm, micrometer-sized wall thicknesses, and a single opening or input were fabricated by heating the tapered tip of a pressurized glass capillary using a CO(2) laser. Optical whispering gallery modes with Q factors of ∼10(5) were obtained. The bubbles were filled with water and mode shifts of ∼20 GHz were observed. Fano-type resonances were detected when the coupling optical ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
2011 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Letters
Jonathan M. Ward, Nitesh Dhasmana, Síle Nic Chormaic,
A review of hollow core whispering gallery resonators (WGRs)is given. After a short introduction to the topic of whispering gallery resonators we provide a description of whispering gallery modes in hollow or liquid core WGRs. Next, whispering gallery mode (WGM) sensing mechanisms are outlined and some fabrication methods for microbubbles, microcapillaries and other tubular WGM devices are discussed. We then focus on the most common applications of hollow core WGRs, namely refractive index and temperature ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2014 - Springer Science+Business Media | The European Physical Journal Special Topics
Jonathan M. Ward, Yong Yang, Síle Nic Chormaic,
The thermal shifting of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in a microbubble resonator is investigated. The thermal shift rate is determined for different modes when the core of the microbubble is filled with air, water and ethanol. Sensitivities as high as 100 GHz/K (0.2 nm/K at wavelength of 775 nm) are observed when the microbubble core is filled with ethanol. This is the largest thermal shift rate reported for a WGM resonator. We also show that thermal behavior of the WGMs in a thin-shelled, air-filled ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
2013 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
Jonathan M. Ward, Yong Yang, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Abstract We describe a novel method for making microbottle-shaped lasers by using a CO 2 laser to melt Er:Yb glass onto silica microcapillaries or fibres. This is realised by the fact that the two glasses have different melting points. The CO 2 laser power is controlled to flow the doped glass around the silica cylinder. In the case of a capillary, the resulting geometry is a hollow, microbottle-shaped resonator. This is a simple method for fabricating a number of glass whispering gallery mode (WGM) ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
2016 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Yong Yang, Xuefeng Jiang, Sho Kasumie, Guangming Zhao, Linhua Xu, Jonathan M. Ward, Lan Yang, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Frequency comb generation in microresonators at visible wavelengths has found applications in a variety of areas such as metrology, sensing, and imaging. To achieve Kerr combs based on four-wave mixing in a microresonator, dispersion must be in the anomalous regime. In this Letter, we demonstrate dispersion engineering in a microbubble resonator (MBR) fabricated by a two-CO2 laser beam technique. By decreasing the wall thickness of the MBR to 1.4 μm, the zero dispersion wavelength shifts to values ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2016 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Letters
Yong Yang, Fuchuan Lei, Sho Kasumie, Linhua Xu, Jonathan M. Ward, Lan Yang, Síle Nic Chormaic,
In this work, we show that the application of a sol-gel coating renders a microbubble whispering gallery resonator into an active device. During the fabrication of the resonator, a thin layer of erbium-doped sol-gel is applied to a tapered microcapillary, then a microbubble with a wall thickness of 1.3 μm is formed with the rare earth ions diffused into its wall. The doped microbubble is pumped at 980 nm and lases in the emission band of the Er3+ ions at 1535 nm. The laser wavelength can be shifted ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
2017 - Optica Publishing Group | Optics Express
Fuchuan Lei, Georgiy Tkachenko, Xuefeng Jiang, Jonathan M. Ward, Lan Yang, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Directional coupling of light in nanophotonic circuits has recently attracted increasing interest, with numerous experimental realizations based on broken rotational or mirror symmetries of the light–matter system. The most prominent underlying effect is the spin–orbit interaction of light in subwavelength structures. Unfortunately, coupling of light to such structures is, in general, very inefficient. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate an order of magnitude enhancement of the directional ...
Tópico(s): Mechanical and Optical Resonators
2020 - American Chemical Society | ACS Photonics
Fuchuan Lei, Jonathan M. Ward, Priscila Romagnoli, Síle Nic Chormaic,
Cavity input-output relations (CIORs) describe a universal formalism relating each of the far-field amplitudes outside the cavity to the internal cavity fields. Conventionally, they are derived based on a weak-scattering approximation. In this context, the amplitude of the off-resonant field remains nearly unaffected by the cavity, with the high coupling efficiency into cavity modes being attributed to destructive interference between the transmitted (or reflected) field and the output field from ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
2020 - American Physical Society | Physical Review Letters