Aki Jääskeläinen, Jussi Heikkilä,
Purpose How do purchasing and supply management (PSM) practices create value for the business customers of a focal company? The purpose of this study is to approach the question by investigating the delivery of value over three tiers in the supply chain, that is, from suppliers to the focal company, and further to the focal company’s customers following value chain logic. Design/methodology/approach The study is carried out as a qualitative interview study in four focal companies operating in business- ...
Tópico(s): Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management
2019 - Emerald Publishing Limited | Supply Chain Management An International Journal
Helmi Ikonen, Saranya Palaniswamy, Tanja Nordström, Marjo‐Riitta Järvelin, Karl‐Heinz Herzig, Erika Jääskeläinen, Jussi Seppälä, Jouko Miettunen, Sylvain Sebért,
There is limited knowledge available on the association of vitamin D with psychiatric disorders in young adults. We aimed to investigate vitamin D levels and associating factors in schizophrenia, other psychoses and non-psychotic depression. We studied 4,987 participants from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (31 years) with available serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] measurements. The final sample was divided into four groups: schizophrenia (n = 40), other psychoses (n = 24), non-psychotic depression ( ...
Tópico(s): Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
2019 - Elsevier BV | Psychiatry Research
Suvi Kuivanen, Teemu Smura, Kirsi Rantanen, Leena Kämppi, Jonas Kantonen, Mia Kero, Anu Jääskeläinen, Anne J. Jääskeläinen, Jussi Sane, Liisa Myllykangas, Anders Paetau, Olli Vapalahti,
Abstract In most locations except for Russia, tick-borne encephalitis is mainly caused by the European virus subtype. In 2015, fatal infections caused by European and Siberian tick-borne encephalitis virus subtypes in the same Ixodes ricinus tick focus in Finland raised concern over further spread of the Siberian subtype among widespread tick species.
Tópico(s): Vector-borne infectious diseases
2018 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | Emerging infectious diseases
Maria Lankinen, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Tiina Jääskeläinen, Jussi Paananen, Laura Joukamo, Antti J. Kangas, Pasi Soininen, Kaisa Poutanen, Hannu Mykkänen, Helena Gylling, Matej Orešič, Matti Jauhiainen, Mika Ala‐Korpela, Matti Uusitupa, Ursula Schwab,
Objective We studied the combined effects of wholegrain, fish and bilberries on serum metabolic profile and lipid transfer protein activities in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Methods Altogether 131 subjects (40–70 y, BMI 26–39 kg/m2) with impaired glucose metabolism and features of the metabolic syndrome were randomized into three groups with 12-week periods according to a parallel study design. They consumed either: a) wholegrain and low postprandial insulin response grain products, fatty ...
Tópico(s): Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
2014 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
Tiina Jääskeläinen, Jussi Paananen, Jaana Lindström, Johan G. Eriksson, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Matti Uusitupa,
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified multiple loci associated with BMI or the waist:hip ratio (WHR). However, evidence on gene–lifestyle interactions is still scarce, and investigation of the effects of well-documented dietary and other lifestyle data is warranted to assess whether genetic risk can be modified by lifestyle. We assessed whether previously established BMI and WHR genetic variants associate with obesity and weight change in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study, and ...
Tópico(s): Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
2013 - Cambridge University Press | British Journal Of Nutrition
Hannu Laamanen, Tuija Jetsu, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Spectral color information is used nowadays in many different applications. Accurate spectral images are usually very large files, but a proper compression method can reduce needed storage space remarkably with a minimum loss of information. In this paper we introduce a principal component analysis (PCA) -based compression method of spectral color information. In this approach spectral data is weighted with a proper weight function before forming the correlation matrix and calculating the eigenvector ...
Tópico(s): Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
2008 - Optica Publishing Group | Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Joni Orava, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Abstract The mean color errors of a high‐quality digital camera are defined in CIELAB and CIEDE2000 Δ E units by using 16 ceramic color samples, whose accurate CIELAB values have been measured by a calibrated spectrophotometer. The bandwidths of CCD's color filters are evaluated by taking photographs of CRT‐display primaries. The lowest mean color errors were 13.1 CIELAB Δ E units and 8.1 CIEDE2000 Δ E units before corrections. Large color errors are decreased successfully by using three different ...
Tópico(s): Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection
2004 - Wiley | Color Research & Application
Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen, Satoru Toyooka,
In multispectral imaging it is advantageous to compress spectral information with a minimum loss of information in a way that permits accurate recovery of the spectrum. By use of the simple vector-subspace model that we propose, spectral information can be stored and recovered by the use of a few inner products, which are easy to measure optically. Two large data sets, the first consisting of 1257 Munsell colors and the other of 218 naturally occurring spectral reflectances, were analyzed to form ...
Tópico(s): Remote-Sensing Image Classification
1990 - Optica Publishing Group | Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Joni Orava, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen, Veli‐Pekka Leppanen,
Abstract A novel diffractive CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram is generated by utilizing surface relief gratings on a plastic sample. A properly illuminated sample is shown to reflect the CIE chromaticity diagram with exact colors and large gamut. Additive color mixing is accomplished by utilizing the four main peaks of a 4000 K fluorescent lamp's spectrum as the primary colors. The primary grating units are reflecting the combination of the primary colors to the desired viewing angle and thereby forming ...
Tópico(s): Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis
2007 - Wiley | Color Research & Application
Hannu Laamanen, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Abstract A novel general transformation between reflectance spectra and the corresponding coordinates of the Munsell Color System is presented. The coefficient values of the transformation were experimentally determined by mapping the actual reflectance spectra of the chips in the Munsell Book of Color into the Munsell Color Order System and by minimizing the distance between calculated and actual coordinates. The experiment was repeated with a selected set of points of the Munsell Renotation System. ...
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
2005 - Wiley | Color Research & Application
Krisztián Kordás, Andrea Edit Pap, Géza Tóth, Marko Pudas, Jussi Jääskeläinen, A. Uusimäki, Jouko Vähäkangas,
Abstract A novel process for laser soldering of flip-chips on transparent printed circuit board assemblies is presented. The experiments were carried out on silver test patterns printed on glass wafers using a roller-type gravure offset printing method. The contact pads, where the bumps of the flip-chips are positioned, were covered with a thin layer of additional solder paste. The aligned samples (solder pad—solder paste—chip bump) were illuminated through the glass substrate using an Ar + laser beam ( ...
Tópico(s): 3D IC and TSV technologies
2005 - Elsevier BV | Optics and Lasers in Engineering
Olli Nousiaianen, R. Rautioaho, Kari Kautio, Jussi Jääskeläinen, S. Leppävuori,
Purpose To investigate the effect of the metallization and solder mask materials on the solder joint reliability of low temperature co‐fired ceramic (LTCC) modules. Design/methodology/approach The fatigue performance of six LTCC/PCB assembly versions was investigated using temperature cycling tests in the −40‐125°C and 20‐80°C temperature ranges. In order to eliminate fatigue cracking in the LTCC module itself, large AgPt‐metallized solder (1 mm) lands with organic or co‐fired glaze solder masks, having ...
Tópico(s): Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis
2005 - Emerald Publishing Limited | Soldering and Surface Mount Technology
Hongyu Li, Vladimir Bochko, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen, I-Fan Shen,
In this work, we propose a new algorithm for spectral color image segmentation based on the use of a kernel matrix. A cost function for spectral kernel clustering is introduced to measure the correlation between clusters. An efficient multiscale method is presented for accelerating spectral color image segmentation. The multiscale strategy uses the lattice geometry of images to construct an image pyramid whose hierarchy provides a framework for rapidly estimating eigenvectors of normalized kernel ...
Tópico(s): Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
2008 - Optica Publishing Group | Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Martti O. A. Mäkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Tópico(s): Color Science and Applications
2007 - De Gruyter | Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal
Iryna Malacina, Elina Karttunen, Aki Jääskeläinen, Katrina Lintukangas, Jussi Heikkilä, Anni‐Kaisa Kähkönen,
Public procurement has struggled to fulfill its mission to create public value due to a narrow interpretation of value emphasizing the costs of procured goods and services. A holistic view of multidimensional value creation in the context of public procurement has received limited research attention despite a significant body of research on the potential benefits associated with public procurement. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap by analyzing the value components and means of value ...
Tópico(s): Outsourcing and Supply Chain Management
2022 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management
Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Juha Pajula, Jussi Tohka, Hsin-Ju Lee, Wen-Jui Kuo, Fa‐Hsuan Lin,
Humor is crucial in human social interactions. To study the underlying neural processes, three comedy clips were shown twice to 20 volunteers during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Inter-subject similarities in humor ratings, obtained immediately after fMRI, explained inter-subject correlation of hemodynamic activity in right frontal pole and in a number of other brain regions. General linear model analysis also indicated activity in right frontal pole, as well as in additional cortical ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Music Perception
2016 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
J. Hagberg, Olli Nousiainen, Jussi Putaala, Olli Salmela, Juha Raumanni, Matti Rahko, T. Kangasvieri, Jussi Jääskeläinen, Timo Galkin, Heli Jantunen,
In this article, the effect of voids on thermomechanically-induced failure in the lead-free solder interconnections of power amplifier (PA) modules is investigated. The interconnection of interest is between the module's flange and substrate (baseplate) initially having a large contact area, and whose cracking has strong detrimental effects on the RF performance and reliability of the PA. PA modules were attached onto baseplates with lead-free SAC305 solder and put to a thermal cycling test (TCT) in ...
Tópico(s): Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
2020 - Elsevier BV | Microelectronics Reliability
Jarkko Mutanen, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Fluorescence (sometimes called rapid luminescence or just luminescence) has been scientifically studied for 150 years. Recent advances in daylight simulators, ultraviolet filters, and measurement devices (for example, advances in the commercial two-monochromator measurement devices) have made it possible to study this phenomenon more accurately. Many factors affect the color of a fluorescent object. One of these factors is the temperature of the sample. It is known that, for example, the reflectance ...
Tópico(s): Pigment Synthesis and Properties
2005 - Wiley | Color Research & Application
J. Kalervo Hiltunen, P. Silfsten, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Abstract The color of an object depends on the temperature of the object. This phenomenon is known as the thermochromic effect, and it is already noticeable at room temperature if the temperature varies just a few centigrades. Red and orange samples are especially sensitive to temperature variation and may cause difficulties in precise color measurement. In this article we show how the phenomenon is based on physical processes and does not only reflect the instability of red color pigments. We derive ...
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
2002 - Wiley | Color Research & Application
J. Vanhanen, V.P. Leppanen, Timo Jääskeläinen, Jussi Parkkinen, Sinikka Parkkinen,
The photocycle of the 4-keto bacteriorhodopsin is investigated. We constructed a multilevel theoretical model for the nonlinear transmittance properties of the material. Adjusting the relaxation parameters we are able to fit the theoretical intensity dependent transmittance curves into the experiments and to determine the photocycle from simple optical measurements.
Tópico(s): Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
1999 - Elsevier BV | Optical Materials
Timo Jääskeläinen, V.P. Leppanen, Sinikka Parkkinen, Jussi Parkkinen, А. А. Ходонов,
The all-trans-retinal of the native chromoprotein of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) purple membrane was replaced with the synthetic 4-keto retinal. Gelatin films were made from the reconstituted BR and the intensity-dependent basic optical properties were investigated. It is shown that at room temperature the M-state is composed of two different absorption bands (maximum at 413 nm and 435 nm) with different relaxation times. Unexpected low-intensity transmission properties which cannot be explained by the ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Development and Disorders
1996 - Elsevier BV | Optical Materials
Timo Jääskeläinen, Raimo Silvennoinen, J. Kalervo Hiltunen, Jussi Parkkinen,
Statistical pattern-recognition methods are applied to the classification of the reflectance spectra of growing trees (Scots pine, Norway spruce, and birch). We show by using large training sets that it is possible to develop classification filters that are able to discriminate the tree types with a very high probability. Our approach may offer a reference coordinate system for multispectral remote sensing of different levels of forest damage.
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
1994 - Optica Publishing Group | Applied Optics
Anna Viitasalo, Mustafa Atalay, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Jarmo Jääskeläinen, Ayhan Korkmaz, Dorota Kamińska, Virpi Lindi, Timo A. Lakka,
Background There are no previous data on the association of PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism (rs738409) with circulating adipokines and myokines in children. Subjects/Methods Subjects were a population sample of 481 Caucasian children aged 6–8 years. We assessed circulating levels of irisin together with IL-6, TNF-α, leptin, high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) while the subjects were stratified according to PNPLA3 I148M variants. Results ...
Tópico(s): Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
2015 - Elsevier BV | Metabolism
Anna Viitasalo, Magnus S. Ågren, Taisa Venäläinen, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Jarmo Jääskeläinen, Ayhan Korkmaz, Mustafa Atalay, Timo A. Lakka,
Summary Background Irisin has been suggested to protect against overweight. There are no previous data on the association of plasma fatty acid (FA) composition with plasma irisin. Objectives We studied the association of FA composition with plasma irisin in normal weight and overweight/obese children. Methods This cross‐sectional study included pre‐pubertal children (388 normal weight children and 55 overweight/obese children); 6–9 years of age, taking part in the P hysical A ctivity and N utrition ...
Tópico(s): Muscle metabolism and nutrition
2015 - Wiley | Pediatric Obesity
Juha Lehtonen, Jussi Parkkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen,
We explain a method for calculating the optimal sampling interval of color spectra. The 1269 measured Munsell matt reflectance spectra set is used as the test set. The effect of light sources on the required sampling interval with different types of spectra is studied. It is shown that a 20 nm interval is enough for the smooth Munsell set alone, but 10 nm is not enough for the same set matched with a fluorescent light source. However, 5 nm is shown to be enough in most situations.
Tópico(s): Image Enhancement Techniques
2006 - Optica Publishing Group | Journal of the Optical Society of America A
Oili Kohonen, Jussi Parkkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen,
Abstract In color science, spectral representation and analysis of colors have become a common approach to study color‐related problems, e.g., accurate industrial color measurement or analysis of color images. In developing algorithms for spectral color science, one often relies on existing databases of reflectance color spectra. Since a number of these databases are easily available, the same databases are commonly used by different research groups. During year 2003 the most popular one of our ...
Tópico(s): Remote-Sensing Image Classification
2006 - Wiley | Color Research & Application
Michael Frydrych, P. Silfsten, Sinikka Parkkinen, Jussi Parkkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen,
Bacteriorhodopsin (BR), a membrane protein of a microorganism Halobacterium salinarium has been studied since the 80's as a potential material for information technology. The information processing applications of BR employ either photochromic or photoelectric properties of the protein. In this study we discuss about design principles and describe our study of the use of bacteriorhodopsin as a sensor material for a color sensitive artificial retina. This retina includes low-level processing of input ...
Tópico(s): Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry
2000 - Elsevier BV | Biosystems
Markku Hauta‐Kasari, Jussi Parkkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen, Reiner Lenz,
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
1999 - Springer Science+Business Media | Pattern Analysis and Applications
А. А. Ходонов, О. В. Демина, L. V. Khitrina, Andrey D. Kaulen, P. Silfsten, Sinikka Parkkinen, Jussi Parkkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen,
The photochemical properties of various bacteriorhodopsin analogs in water suspensions and PVA films have been studied and their promise for technological purposes (especially as a basis for colour-imaging and -recognition devices) is shown.
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
1997 - Elsevier BV | Sensors and Actuators B Chemical
Reiner Lenz, Jouni Hiltunen, Jussi Parkkinen, Timo Jääskeläinen, Mats Österberg,
We describe a class of unsupervised systems that extract features from databases of reflectance spectra that sample color space in a way that reflects the properties of human color perception. The systems find the internal weight coefficients by optimizing an energy function. We describe several energy functions based on second- and fourth-order statistical moments of the computed output values. We also investigate the effects of imposing boundary conditions on the filter coefficients and the performance ...
Tópico(s): Visual perception and processing mechanisms
1996 - Optica Publishing Group | Journal of the Optical Society of America A