FROM OUR LABOUR CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR AERONAUTICAL CORRESPONDENT, From Our Special Correspondent, FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENT, From Our Correspondent, From Our Own Correspondent, From Our Parliamentary Correspondent, JOHN CHARRINGTON, H. G. SCOTT, A. J. DAWE., C. F. PALMER, E. JACK BUHLER, CHARLES WHEELER., HENRY DURANT, JOHN A. F. WATSON., READING., J. M. THOMPSON., R. H. SEARS, ENA M. STEEL., BARBARA MARSH, WINIFRED CUMMINGS, MOTHER OF A V.C., FROM OUR AGRICULTURAL CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR RACING CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR RUGBY FOOTBALL CORRESPONDENT, FROM OUR ROWING CORRESPONDENT,
... Relief After Unrra U.S. Complaint Of Unfair Distribution, Issues Of Public Companies New Book In "The Times" Series, Election For French Second Chamber Special Delegates' Votes, The Sudan Protocol Varied Interpretations, To-Day's Big Parade In ...
1946 - Gale Group | TDA
... paths (LSPs) which are set up using a label distribution protocol. Since any label distribution protocol makes use of information obtained from the layer ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
1999 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
ALL HALLOWS REOPENED., FREDERICK MILNER., M. R. JAMES. The Lodge, Eton College, Jan. 30., A. MAC CALLUM SCOTT. 81, Albert Bridge-road, S.W.11, Jan.30, , E. F. WISE. 51, Clarendon-road, W.11, Jan.31, , C.C.J., P. J. NOEL BAKER., LONDONER., ALMERIC FITZ ROY. Travellers' Club Pall-mall, S.W.1, Jan.31., G. DOBSON., CALLISTHENES., EDWARD GRIGG, , LEOPOLD DOR, , H. MAKAR., R. F. HUNWICKE. B.Sc. (Lond.), A.I.C. 36, Osnaburgh-street, N.W.1, , M. D. HOLLAND. Hanslope Lodge, Stony Stratford, Bucks, Jan. 28., J. B. GUILD, Secretary. National Farmers' Union, 45, Bedfordsquare, W.C.1, Jan. 26., BRITISH SULPHATE OF AMMONIA FEDERATION, LIMITED (F. C. O. SPEYER, General Manager). 30, Grosvenor-gardens, S.W.1., GEORGE BAYLIS. Wyfield Manor, Newbury.,
... Voice." Canadian Lawyer's Protest., Canada And The Protocol. Sir R. Borden's Support., Prince Henry At ... Of Science. Repopulation Of Krakatao. Problems Of Geographical Distribution., Divorce In The Free State.. News in Brief. ...
1925 - Gale Group | TDA
Osama Aboul‐Magd, Bilel Jamoussi,
... describes the QoS features of the constraint-route label distribution protocol and how they can be efficiently utilized to ...
Tópico(s): Mobile Agent-Based Network Management
2001 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Mary Anne Fitzgerald, Gerald Hobson, Barbara Hall, Gillian Rowe, Mike Graham, Thomas Hinde, Jon Swain, R Buchanan-Dunlop, Peter Gillman, Rob Hughes, John Peter, Andrew Grice Political Correspondent, Christopher Blackhurst, Dilys Daws, Danby Bloch, John Diamond, Neville Hodgkinson Medical Correspondent, Graham Rose, Roy Porter, Norman Howell, Robert Burchfield, David Smith, Humphrey Carpenter, Stephen Milligan, Benedict Ramsden, Mike Brearley, Timothy Ross, Edward Welsh, Tim Kirby, Keren David, Ronald Harwood, Gerald Priestland, Denise Winn, Caroline St John-Brooks, Harry Eyres, Patrick Stoddart, Mario Modiano, Kevin Mitchell, Robert Sandall, Iain Johnstone, Alex Sutherland, Susan Marling, Dr Ellis Downes, David Brierley, Irwin Stelzer, Peter Godwin, Ivan Fallon, David Dougill, Joe Irving, Peter Reading, Allan Massie, Cliff Temple, Jane Bird, Sally Vincent, Alistair HORNE's, Alison Smith Political Staff, Egon Ronay, Susan Crosland, David Cairns, Peter Saunders, John Melmoth, Lord Queensberry, Norman Harris, Mrs F P L Roberts, David Connett, Philip Williams, Robert Harris, Jeremy Laurance Health Services Correspondent, Peter Millar, George Perry, Sue Mott, John Cassidy, Robin Marlar, Marion Devine, Christine Toomey, Bernard Cafferty, Brian Moynahan, Stuart Wavell, Paul Donovan, Amit Roy, O Townsley Clerk, Jeff Randall, Paul Driver, Robert Skidelsky, Michael Woods, Sheikh Hamdan Al Maktoum, David Hughes, Austin MacCurtain, Tim Rayment, Annie Topham, Arnold Handley, Michael Dibdin, Peter Popham, Wendy McFadden, Roy David, John Hopkins, Nigel Bowden, Askold Krushelnycky, Martin Jacques, Brian Walden, Sandy Bisp, Peter Wilsher, Gareth David, Michael Randle, Brian Reading, Safa Haeeri, David Kimmins, Stephen Pile, Brian Masters, Kate Carr, Michael A Clayton, Michael Brooks, Craig Brown, Andrew Lorenz Industrial Editor, Chris Partridge, Linda Brandon, Stephen Jones, K Willoughby, Harry Mullan, Norman Lebrecht, Richard Palmer, Peter Millar Central European Correspondent, Andrew Grice, Keith Wheatley, Miranda Seymour, Ian Birrell, Dilys Powell, Addis Ababa, Andrew Hogg, Brough Scott, B Kemball-Cook, Alison Beckett, Tony Rocca, Caroline McGhie, Richard Woods, Louise Branson, Sir Crispin Tickell, Pat Pottle, Marion Hume, Ian Dunning, Iola Smith, Ray Mgadzah, David Hughes Chief Political Correspondent, Brian MacArthur, David Baldwin, Waitrose Supreme, Eileen Cole, Michael Jones Political Editor, Stuart Weir, Mihir Bose, Philip Beresford, Susannah Herbert, Mrs J Newsham, Arthur La Bern, Sue Thomas, Matthew Campbell, Brian Glanville, Angus Roxburgh, Norman Macrae, Paul Hayes, Edward Pearce, Jo Vale, Simon Jenkins, Godfrey Golzen, Gareth David Assistant City Editor, George Steiner, Rowena Webster, Imre Karacs, Doris Grant, Andrew Lorenz, Liam Clarke, G Prikhodchenko Deputy Director-General, Arthur Jacobs, Colin Greenland, Katharine Tylko, Hugh Thompson, Susan Black, Veronica Heath, Valerie Grove, Hugh Pearman, Chris Lightbown, Marina Vaizey, Jeff Randall City Editor, Richard Caseby, Margaret Park, Gerard Kiley, Martin Seymour-Smith, Hugh Leonard, Dorothy Wade, David Smith Economics Editor, Penny Perrick, Tony Hetherington, Lord Montagu Chairman, Jackie Stewart, Douglas Kennedy, Joanna Simon, Chris Blackhurst, R Carrington, Hilary Bristow, Guy Williams, Boris Schapiro,
... paid kidnappers' Ticket tout tax racket Polo players' protocol poser The City Be wary of Gorbachev Comment ... of Colombia at its purest Johnnie Walker Black Label New Low Fat Sunflower Spread Dulux Me and ...
1989 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
Luyuan Fang, Alia Atlas, Fabio Chiussi, K. Kompella, George Swallow,
... by the majority of service providers worldwide. The label distribution protocol is used in many MPLS networks for distributing labels to establish the label switched paths. This article ...
Tópico(s): Optical Network Technologies
2004 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
... distributed methods for fast fault recovery using modified label distribution protocol messages. To maintain and verify service continuity, methods ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
1999 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Greg Bernstein, Eric Mannie, Vishal Sharma,
... and network operations and the extensions to MPLS label distribution protocols needed for provisioning of transport circuits.
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2001 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Network
Jong‐Moon Chung, Sang-Chul Kim, Elie Marroun, Harman Sandhu,
... private networks (VPNs). Currently, the constraint-based routing label distribution protocol (CR-LDP) and the extensions to the resource ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2001 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Daniel Guernsey, Aaron Engel, Jonathan Butts, Sujeet Shenoi,
... This paper examines security issues associated with the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP), which is the primary route construction protocol ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2010 - Springer Science+Business Media | IFIP advances in information and communication technology
Satoru Okamoto, Eiji Oki, K. Shimano, A. Sahara, Naoaki Yamanaka,
... down protocol with an extended constraint-based routing label distribution protocol. Fast self-healing through automatic protection switching and ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
2002 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Changcheng Huang, Vishal Sharma, Ken Owens, Srinivas Makam,
... provide protection for the traffic carried on the label switched paths. We propose a path protection mechanism that is simple, scalable, fast, and efficient. We describe in detail our design considerations, the communication of fault information to appropriate switching elements, and the fault detection protocol. In particular, we propose a reverse notification tree structure for efficient and fast distribution of fault notification messages.
Tópico(s): Network Traffic and Congestion Control
2002 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Cristel Pelsser, Olivier Bonaventure,
MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) is used today inside most large Service Provider (SP) networks. In this paper, we analyze the establishment of interdomain MPLS LSPs with QoS constraints. These LSPs cross diverse SP networks that may belong to different companies. We show that using the standard BGP route for the establishment of such LSPs is not sufficient. We propose two path establishment techniques that rely on RSVP-TE and make use of Path Computation Elements (PCEs). Our simulations show that ...
Tópico(s): Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies
2006 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
In a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) domain, ATM label-switching routers (LSRs) are potentially capable of providing the highest forwarding capacity in the backbone network. Virtual circuit (VC) merging is a mechanism in an ATM-LSR that allows many IP routes to be mapped to the same VC label and provides a scalable mapping method that can support thousands of destinations. VC merging requires reassembly buffers so that cells belonging to different packets intended for the same destination do not ...
Tópico(s): Network Traffic and Congestion Control
1999 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Pietro Belotti, Antonio Capone, Giuliana Carello, Federico Malucelli,
The possibility of adding multi protocol label switching (MPLS) support to transport networks is considered an important opportunity by telecom carriers that want to add packet services and applications to their networks. However, the question arises whether it is suitable to have MPLS nodes just at the edge of the network to collect packet traffic from users, or to introduce also MPLS facilities on a subset of the core nodes in order to exploit packet switching flexibility and multiplexing, thus ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2008 - Elsevier BV | Computer Networks
Multiprotocol label switching adds to the capabilities of IP networks in several ways. Despite new capabilities, MPLS technology has much in common with ordinary IP networks. In turn, the design process for MPLS networks has much in common with the design of any IP network. This article examines MPLS and IP technology with particular emphasis on what is common between them. The common design steps of MPLS networks and other IP networks are outlined briefly, and those issues specific to MPLS networks ...
Tópico(s): Network Traffic and Congestion Control
2001 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Ayan Banerjee, John E. Drake, J. Lang, B. Turner, K. Kompella, Yakov Rekhter,
Generalized multiprotocol label switching, also referred to as multiprotocol lambda switching, supports not only devices that perform packet switching, but also those that perform switching in the time, wavelength, and space domains. The development of GMPLS requires modifications to current signaling and routing protocols. It has also triggered the development of new protocols such as the Link Management protocol. We present the traffic engineering enhancements to the Open Shortest Path First Internet ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
2001 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Tricha Anjali, Caterina Scoglio, Jaudelice C. de Oliveira, Ian F. Akyildiz, G. Uhl,
An important aspect in designing a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network is to determine an initial topology and to adapt it to the traffic load. A topology change in an MPLS network occurs when a new label switched path (LSP) is created between two nodes. The LSP creation involves determining the route of the LSP and the according resource allocation to the path. A fully connected MPLS network can be used to minimize the signaling. The objective of this paper is to determine when an LSP should ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2002 - Elsevier BV | Computer Networks
Yi Mei, Jin‐Woo Lee, Tai-Won Um, Won Ryu, Bu‐Sung Lee, Seok Gyu Choi,
We propose a new mobility management scheme using Label Switched Path (LSP) of Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) for seamless service in Broadband Convergence Network (BcN) in Korea, and verify that the proposed scheme has lower latency time than the existing ones through the separation of control plane from data plane for handover signaling.
Tópico(s): Wireless Communication Networks Research
2008 - Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers | IEICE Transactions on Communications
Fernando Solano, Thomas Stidsen, Ramón Fabregat, José L. Marzo,
Most network operators have considered reducing LSR label spaces (number of labels used) as a way of simplifying management of underlaying virtual private networks (VPNs) and therefore reducing operational expenditure (OPEX). The IETF outlined the label merging feature in MPLS-allowing the configuration of multipoint-to-point connections (MP2P)-as a means of reducing label space in LSRs. We found two main drawbacks in this label space reduction scheme: a ) it should be separately applied to a set of LSPs ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2008 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking
Ayan Banerjee, L. Drake, L. Lang, B. Turner, D.O. Awduche, Lou Berger, K. Kompella, Yakov Rekhter,
Generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS), also referred to as multiprotocol lambda switching, is a multipurpose control plane paradigm that supports not only devices that perform packet switching, but also devices that perform switching in the time, wavelength, and space domains. The development of GMPLS necessitates enhancements to existing IP signaling and routing protocols. We present enhancements to two commonly used IP signaling protocols, RSVP and LDP, to support GMPLS. We illustrate ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
2001 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
Wei Kuang Lai, Zhen Zheng, Chen-Da Tsai,
Internet IP networks utilize multiple-protocol label switching (MPLS), which provides a reliable label switched path (LSP). LSP in MPLS domains needs one label at each Ingress label switching router (LSR) to forward the packet. This study presents a novel method to facilitate restoration of LSP in the MPLS network. The proposed method attempts to establish all possible bypass tunnels based on the available bandwidth between two LSRs around the protected label switched router. The Max-Flow Min-Cut theorem ...
Tópico(s): Network Traffic and Congestion Control
2007 - Elsevier BV | Computer Communications
Fernando Solano, Ramón Fabregat, José L. Marzo,
Most network operators have considered reducing Label Switched Routers (LSR) label spaces (i.e. the number of labels that can be used) as a means of simplifying management of underlaying Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and, hence, reducing operational expenditure (OPEX). This letter discusses the problem of reducing the label spaces in Multiprotocol Label Switched (MPLS) networks using label merging - better known as MultiPoint-to-Point (MP2P) connections. Because of its origins in IP, MP2P connections ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2008 - IEEE Communications Society | IEEE Transactions on Communications
Arun Viswanathan, Nancy Feldman, Z. Wang, R. Callon,
Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) is rapidly emerging as an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard intended to enhance the speed, scalability, and service provisioning capabilities in the Internet. MPLS uses the technique of packet forwarding based on labels, to enable the implementation of a simpler high-performance packet forwarding engine. This also decouples packet forwarding from routing, facilitating the provision of varied routing services independent of the packet forwarding paradigm. ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
1998 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine
S. J. Ben Yoo, Fei Xue, Y. Bansal, J. Taylor, Zhong Pan, Jing Cao, Min Yong Jeon, T. Nady, Gary Goncher, K. Boyer, K. Okamoto, Shin Kamei, Venkatesh Akella,
This paper discusses the architecture, protocol, analysis, and experimentation of optical packet switching routers incorporating optical-label switching (OLS) technologies and electronic edge routers with traffic shaping capabilities. The core optical router incorporates all-optical switching with contention resolution in wavelength, time, and space domains. It is also capable of accommodating traffic of any protocol and format, and supports packet, flow, burst, and circuit traffic. The edge router ...
Tópico(s): Interconnection Networks and Systems
2003 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
P. Aukia, Murali Kodialam, Pramod V. Koppol, T. V. Lakshman, H. Sarin, Bruce W. Suter,
It has been suggested that one of the most significant reasons for multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network deployment is network traffic engineering. The goal of traffic engineering is to make the best use of the network infrastructure, and this is facilitates by the explicit routing feature of MPLS, which allows many of the shortcomings associated with current IP routing schemes to be addressed. This article describes a software system called Routing and Traffic Engineering Server (RATES) developed ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2000 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Network
This paper discusses the new architecture and protocol of Optical-Label switching in light of its interworking with MPLS and MPLambdaS networks. The dynamic and agile characteristics of Optical-Label switching indicate its support of diverse QoS, CoS and ToS services while interoperating packet and circuit switching. Optical-Label switching routers employ time, space and wavelength domain switching for contention resolution, and the interface with MPLS, MPLambdaS, or any client networks with proper ...
Tópico(s): Software-Defined Networks and 5G
2001 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
Min Yong Jeon, Zhong Pan, Jing Cao, Y. Bansal, J. Taylor, Z. Wang, Venkatesh Akella, K. Okamoto, S. Kamei, Jingwen Pan, S. J. B. Yoo,
This paper investigates comprehensive operation and experimentation of an all-optical packet switching router with optical label swapping and reamplification and reshaping (2R) regeneration, capable of multihop operation and Internet protocol (IP)-client interoperability. In particular, the experiment demonstrates successful packet switching and transport up to 11 hops with 10/sup -9/ bit-error rate and error-free up to four hops. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the optical label switching (OLS) ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
2003 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | Journal of Lightwave Technology
S. J. Ben Yoo, Hyuek Jae Lee, Zhong Pan, Jing Cao, Z. Yanda, K. Okamoto, S. Kamei,
This letter discusses an experimental demonstration of a rapidly switching all-optical packet routing system with optical-label switching and all-optical label-swapping capabilities. The optical routing system optically extracts the subcarrier optical-label content, compares it against the forwarding table, makes packet forwarding and label-swapping decisions, and forward the packet to the desired output with a newly updated subcarrier optical label. The packet switching fabric included a combination ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Optical Network Technologies
2002 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
RSVP is a resource reservation setup protocol that can be used by a host to request specific QoS for multicast multimedia flows on the Internet. Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) architecture also needs RSVP. The fact that the resolutions of the display system used in different receiver nodes might have different, multi-resolution characteristics is supported in the MPEG-4 standard, and the EZW compression algorithm can cease decoding at any point in the bitstream. However, RSVP does not provide ...
Tópico(s): Image and Video Quality Assessment
2003 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Communications Magazine