Tobias Emrich, Maximilian Franzke, Nikos Mamoulis, Matthias Renz, Andreas Züfle,
By leveraging the capabilities of modern GPS-equipped mobile devices providing social-networking services, the interest in developing advanced services that combine location-based services with social networking services is growing drastically. Based on geo-social networks that couple personal location information with personal social context information, such services are facilitated by geo-social queries that extract useful information combining social relationships and current locations of the ...
Tópico(s): Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks
2014 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Fahse, Viktoria Huber, Benjamin van Giffen,
This paper introduces a framework for managing bias in machine learning (ML) projects. When ML-capabilities are used for decision making, they frequently affect the lives of many people. However, bias can lead to low model performance and misguided business decisions, resulting in fatal financial, social, and reputational impacts. This framework provides an overview of potential biases and corresponding mitigation methods for each phase of the well-established process model CRISP-DM. Eight distinct ...
Tópico(s): Software Engineering Research
2021 - Springer International Publishing | Lecture notes in information systems and organisation
Tobias Danner, Harald Justnes, Geir Norden, Tone Anita Østnor,
Calcareous clay rich in smectite was calcined at temperatures of 600–1000 °C using a pilot- and industrial scale rotary kiln. Compressive strength of mortars was tested between 1–365 days, when 20–65 % of OPC was replaced by calcined clay at equal w/c-ratios. With respect to reactivity as a pozzolan, the optimum calcination temperature was around 800 °C. With a replacement level of 50 % the 1-day strength was reduced but high enough for demoulding concrete infield practice, while after 28 days almost ...
Tópico(s): Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
2015 - Springer Nature (Netherlands) | Rilem bookseries
Tobias Hecht, Emilia Darlagiannis, Klaus Bengler,
Automated driving allows the driver to deal with non-driving related activities (NDRA). Surveys, observations in other modes of transportation and driving simulator studies reveal a high variance in possible activities and activity durations. An online study was thus conducted to investigate factors influencing the choice of NDRA. Privacy, storage option, travel duration and purpose were found to have an impact on the attractiveness of certain activities. Furthermore, we investigated the changing ...
Tópico(s): Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
2019 - Springer Nature | Advances in intelligent systems and computing
Tobias Widler, Christoph Meili, Elena Semenzin, Vrishali Subramanian, Alex Zabeo, Danail Hristozov, Antonio Marcomini,
The CENARIOS®-Standard is the first certifiable risk management system (RMS) and monitoring system designed specifically for the needs of companies concerned with nanomaterials. The rapidly evolving field of nanotechnology is characterised by a high level of uncertainty in environmental health and safety research, economic and social impacts, as well as the risk perception of the technology. Companies dealing with nanotechnology can better address this uncertainty by embedding practices like risk ...
Tópico(s): Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
2016 - Springer International Publishing | Innovation, technology and knowledge management
Tobias Matzner, Philipp K. Masur, Carsten Ochs, Thilo von Pape,
Data protection by individual citizens, here labeled do-it-yourself (DIY) data protection, is often considered as an important part of comprehensive data protection. Particularly in the wake of diagnosing the so called "privacy paradox", fostering DIY privacy protection and providing the respective tools is seen both as important policy aim and as a developing market. Individuals are meant to be empowered in a world where an increasing amount of actors is interested in their data. We analyze the preconditions ...
Tópico(s): Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
2016 - Springer International Publishing | Law, governance and technology series
Tobias Kuhnimhof, Gebhard Wulfhorst,
Tópico(s): Spatial and Cultural Studies
2013 - Springer International Publishing | Lecture notes in mobility
Tobias Czempiel, Magdalini Paschali, Daniel Ostler, Seong Tae Kim, Benjamin Busam, Nassir Navab,
In this paper we introduce OperA, a transformer-based model that accurately predicts surgical phases from long video sequences. A novel attention regularization loss encourages the model to focus on high-quality frames during training. Moreover, the attention weights are utilized to identify characteristic high attention frames for each surgical phase, which could further be used for surgery summarization. OperA is thoroughly evaluated on two datasets of laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos, outperforming ...
Tópico(s): Colorectal Cancer Surgical Treatments
2021 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
There is a lot of definitions, terminology and theory around ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We introduce the terminology and properties that we need for our programming as well as the knowledge that we can exploit when we debug and assess codes. With the skills to rewrite any ODE into a system of first-order ODEs and the Taylor expansion, we finally have the mathematical tools to derive our explicit Euler formally. This chapter revisits some very basic properties of ordinary differential ...
2021 - | Undergraduate topics in computer science
Both academia and industry have shown an increased interest in gamification. To enhance the design and understanding of gamification there is a need to explore the negative aspects of the concept. Negative sides, "the darkness" of gamification is further explored in this paper. Through a systematic literature review the darkness of gamification is mapped and categorized into seven problem domains. This new information could help both industry and academia to acknowledge problem domains of gamification ...
Tópico(s): Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
2021 - Springer International Publishing | Lecture notes in networks and systems
Tobias Bauer, Emre Devrim, Misha Glazunov, William Lopez Jaramillo, Balaganesh Mohan, Gerasimos Spanakis,
Inspired by the recent social movement of #MeToo, we are building a chatbot to assist survivors of sexual harassment cases (designed for the city of Maastricht but can easily be extended). The motivation behind this work is twofold: properly assist survivors of such events by directing them to appropriate institutions that can offer them help and increase the incident documentation so as to gather more data about harassment cases which are currently under reported. We break down the problem into three ...
Tópico(s): Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies
2020 - Springer Science+Business Media | Communications in computer and information science
Tobias Czempiel, Magdalini Paschali, Matthias Keicher, Walter Simson, Hubertus Feußner, Seong Tae Kim, Nassir Navab,
Automatic surgical phase recognition is a challenging and crucial task with the potential to improve patient safety and become an integral part of intra-operative decision-support systems. In this paper, we propose, for the first time in workflow analysis, a Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Network (MS-TCN) that performs hierarchical prediction refinement for surgical phase recognition. Causal, dilated convolutions allow for a large receptive field and online inference with smooth predictions even ...
Tópico(s): Anatomy and Medical Technology
2020 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Fischer, Hyung Jin Chang, Yiannis Demiris,
In this work, we consider the problem of robust gaze estimation in natural environments. Large camera-to-subject distances and high variations in head pose and eye gaze angles are common in such environments. This leads to two main shortfalls in state-of-the-art methods for gaze estimation: hindered ground truth gaze annotation and diminished gaze estimation accuracy as image resolution decreases with distance. We first record a novel dataset of varied gaze and head pose images in a natural environment, ...
Tópico(s): Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Paxian, Sven Reimer, Bernd Becker,
In this paper we present a novel pseudo-Boolean (PB) constraint encoding for solving the weighted MaxSAT problem with iterative SAT-based methods based on the Polynomial Watchdog (PW) CNF encoding. The watchdog of the PW encoding indicates whether the bound of the PB constraint holds. In our approach, we lift this static watchdog concept to a dynamic one allowing an incremental convergence to the optimal result. Consequently, we formulate and implement a SAT-based algorithm for our new Dynamic Polynomial ...
Tópico(s): Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
This chapter describes the transition of the Swiss public sector in its efforts to establish a digital ecosystem. The goals are to make public services centered on the needs of citizens and businesses more efficient, to reduce the costs of administration and improve its operations, and—arguably—to create a 'smart government' using emerging technologies which can benefit from the digitalization of services.
2018 - Springer International Publishing | Governance and public management
Tobias Kappé, Paul Brunet, Alexandra Silva, Fabio Zanasi,
Concurrent Kleene Algebra (CKA) was introduced by Hoare, Moeller, Struth and Wehrman in 2009 as a framework to reason about concurrent programs. We prove that the axioms for CKA with bounded parallelism are complete for the semantics proposed in the original paper; consequently, these semantics are the free model for this fragment. This result settles a conjecture of Hoare and collaborators. Moreover, the technique developed to this end allows us to establish a Kleene Theorem for CKA, extending an ...
Tópico(s): Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Urban, Dennis Tatang, Thorsten Holz, Norbert Pohlmann,
Web advertisements are the primary financial source for many online services, but also for adversaries. Successful ad campaigns rely on good online profiles of their potential customers. The financial potentials of displaying ads have led to the rise of malicious software that injects or replaces ads on websites, in particular, so-called adware. This development leads to continuously further optimized and customized advertising. For these customization's, various tracking methods are used. However, ...
Tópico(s): Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Peripheral vocal motor dynamics describes how complex interactions of laryngeal, respiratory and vocal tract movements generate and shape vocal sounds in rats. Glottal airflow provides the energy and laryngeal movements set important boundary conditions. The integration of laryngeal and breathing movements is investigated through simultaneous recordings of subglottal pressure and electromyographic (EMG) activity of intrinsic and extrinsic laryngeal muscles. Laryngeal muscle activity and subglottal ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Music Perception
2018 - Elsevier BV | Handbook of behavioral neuroscience
Tobias Friedrich, Andreas Göbel, Francesco Quinzan, Markus Wagner,
A core feature of evolutionary algorithms is their mutation operator. Recently, much attention has been devoted to the study of mutation operators with dynamic and non-uniform mutation rates. Following up on this line of work, we propose a new mutation operator and analyze its performance on the (1+1) Evolutionary Algorithm (EA). Our analyses show that this mutation operator competes with pre-existing ones, when used by the (1+1) EA on classes of problems for which results on the other mutation operators ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Fiebig, Kevin Borgolte, Shuang Hao, Christopher Kruegel, Giovanni Vigna, Anja Feldmann,
Reverse DNS (rDNS) is regularly used as a data source in Internet measurement research. However, existing work is polarized on its reliability, and new techniques to collect active IPv6 datasets have not yet been sufficiently evaluated. In this paper, we investigate active and passive data collection and practical use aspects of rDNS datasets. We observe that the share of non-authoritatively answerable IPv4 rDNS queries reduced since earlier studies and IPv6 rDNS has less non-authoritatively answerable ...
Tópico(s): Network Security and Intrusion Detection
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Mayer, Elena Cabrio, Marco Lippi, Paolo Torroni, Serena Villata,
In the latest years, the healthcare domain has seen an increasing interest in the definition of intelligent systems to support clinicians in their everyday tasks and activities. Among others, this includes novel systems for the field of Evidence-based Medicine. The latter relies on the principle of critically appraising medical evidence and combining high quality evidence with the individual clinical experience of the practitioner with respect to the circumstances of a patient to achieve the best ...
Tópico(s): Natural Language Processing Techniques
2018 - | Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications
Tobias Fleck, Karam Daaboul, Michael Weber, Philip Schörner, Marek Wehmer, Jens Doll, Stefan Orf, Nico Sußmann, Christian Hubschneider, Marc René Zofka, Florian Kuhnt, Ralf Kohlhaas, Ingmar Baumgart, Raoul Zöllner, J. Marius Zöllner,
This paper presents the concept, realization and evaluation of a flexible and scalable setup for smart infrastructure at the example of the Test Area Autonomous Driving Baden-Württemberg. In verification and validation of autonomous driving systems, there exists a gap between virtual validation and real road tests: Simulation provides an easy and efficient way to assess a system's performance under a variety of environmental constraints, but is restricted to model assumptions and scenarios, which ...
Tópico(s): Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
2018 - Springer Nature | Advances in intelligent systems and computing
Tobias Elwert, Felix Römer, Kirstin Schneider, Qingsong Hua, Matthias Buchert,
The introduction of electromobility will lead to a significant increase of waste traction batteries within the next decade. Recycling of these batteries is currently a huge challenge as the necessary legislative framework, logistic concepts, and recycling processes are in an early stage of development. In the first part of this chapter, the legal situation in the largest markets (European Union, People's Republic of China, and USA) is summarized and a forecast of traction battery return flows for ...
Tópico(s): Advancements in Battery Materials
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Green energy and technology
Tobias Grafke, Tobias Schäfer, Eric Vanden‐Eijnden,
Small random perturbations may have a dramatic impact on the long time evolution of dynamical systems, and large deviation theory is often the right theoretical framework to understand these effects. At the core of the theory lies the minimization of an action functional, which in many cases of interest has to be computed by numerical means. Here we review the theoretical and computational aspects behind these calculations, and propose an algorithm that simplifies the geometric minimum action method ...
Tópico(s): Quantum chaos and dynamical systems
2017 - Springer Nature | Fields Institute communications
Tobias Kowatsch, Dirk Volland, Iris Shih, Dominik Rüegger, Florian Künzler, Filipe Barata, Andreas Filler, Dirk Büchter, Björn Brogle, Katrin Heldt, Pauline Gindrat, Nathalie J. Farpour‐Lambert, Dagmar l’Allemand,
The open source platform MobileCoach (mobile-coach.eu) has been used for various behavioral health interventions in the public health context. However, so far, MobileCoach is limited to text message-based interactions. That is, participants use error-prone and laborious text-input fields and have to bear the SMS costs. Moreover, MobileCoach does not provide a dedicated chat channel for individual requests beyond the processing capabilities of its chatbot. Intervention designers are also limited to ...
Tópico(s): Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Maintaining an archive of all non-dominated points is a standard task in multi-objective optimization. Sometimes it is sufficient to store all evaluated points and to obtain the non-dominated subset in a post-processing step. Alternatively the non-dominated set can be updated on the fly. While keeping track of many non-dominated points efficiently is easy for two objectives, we propose an efficient algorithm based on a binary space partitioning (BSP) tree for the general case of three or more objectives. ...
Tópico(s): Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Emilsson, Åsa Ode Sang,
This chapter outlines the general impacts and direct consequences climate change is likely to have on urban areas in Europe and how nature-based solutions (NBS) could increase our adaptive capacity and reduce the negative effects of a changing climate. The focus is on urban temperatures while we will also include effects on hydrological, ecological and social factors. We also discuss challenges for planning and design of successful implementation of NBS for climate change adaptation within urban ...
Tópico(s): Urban Green Space and Health
2017 - | Theory and practice of urban sustainability transitions
Tobias Brückmann, Christopher Reichert, Michael Meik, Patrik Lemmen, Arnim J. Spengler, Hannah Mattern, Markus König,
The construction industry is still dominated by manual processes. This is both due to conventional planning tools that do not allow for a complete digital representation of a building and the limitation of the workspace of conventional robots that is far below the dimensions of most buildings. With the introduction of Building Information Modeling (BIM), the first is subject to change. BIM will allow for a holistic representation of any building and thus allow for digital workflows that enable efficient ...
Tópico(s): Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
2017 - Springer Nature (Netherlands) | Mechanisms and machine science
Tobias Kuhn, Egon Willighagen, Chris T. Evelo, Núria Queralt-Rosiñach, Emilio Centeno, Laura I. Furlong,
Nanopublications are a concept to represent Linked Data in a granular and provenance-aware manner, which has been successfully applied to a number of scientific datasets. We demonstrated in previous work how we can establish reliable and verifiable identifiers for nanopublications and sets thereof. Further adoption of these techniques, however, was probably hindered by the fact that nanopublications can lead to an explosion in the number of triples due to auxiliary information about the structure ...
Tópico(s): Research Data Management Practices
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Tobias Fiebig, Kevin Borgolte, Shuang Hao, Christopher Kruegel, Giovanni Vigna,
Current large-scale IPv6 studies mostly rely on non-public datasets, as most public datasets are domain specific. For instance, traceroute-based datasets are biased toward network equipment. In this paper, we present a new methodology to collect IPv6 address datasets that does not require access to restricted network vantage points. We collect a new dataset spanning more than 5.8 million IPv6 addresses by exploiting DNS’ denial of existence semantics (NXDOMAIN). This paper documents our efforts in ...
Tópico(s): Caching and Content Delivery
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science