David J. Greenblatt, Thomas H. Joyce, W. H. COMER, John A. Knowles, Richard I. Shader, Adrian A. Kyriakopoulos, Dean S. MacLaughlin, Hans W. Ruelius,
A single dose of 4 mg of lorazepam was injected into the deltoid muscles of six healthy male volunteers. Multiple venous blood sampies were drawn during 48 hr after the dose ... for 24 hr after the dose. Concentrations of lorazepam and its major metabolite, lorazepam glucuronide, were determined by electron‐capture gas‐liquid chromatography. Lorazepam was rapidly absorbed from the injection sire, reaching ... within 3 hr. Mean pharmacokinetic pamrameters for unchanged lorazepam were: apparent absorption half‐life: 21.2 min: ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
1977 - Wiley | Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
R. S. Cormack, J.S. MlLLEDGE, C.D. Hanning,
Lorazepam, a new benzodiazepine, was compared with morphine for premedication. Ten patients received morphine 10 mg/70 kg i.m. and 10 received lorazepam 4 mg/70 kg i.m. Respiratory effects ... 47% (P less than 0.01), but after lorazepam S increased by 27% (P less than 0. ... neither drug altering B significantly. In two volunteers lorazepam was assessed by both the rebreathing and the steady-state methods; after lorazepam S was smaller by the steady-state than by the rebreathing technique. The findings for lorazepam are consistent with the known effects of sleep ...
Tópico(s): Memory and Neural Mechanisms
1977 - Elsevier BV | British Journal of Anaesthesia
Roger K. Verbeeck, T. B. Tjandramaga, R. Verberckmoes, P.J. De Schepper,
... renal insufficiency and haemodialysis on the elimination of lorazepam, single oral doses of the drug (2.5 ... interdialysis period and during haemodialysis. The concentration of lorazepam and its major metabolite, lorazepam‐glucuronide, were assayed using electron capture g.1. ... Plasma half‐life (T 1/2 ) of unchanged lorazepam in the patient group (11.3 ± 0.6 ... trace amounts in the patient group. No unchanged lorazepam could be detected in the ultrafiltrate from the ... at least 70%. The effect of haemodialysis on lorazepam plasma T 1/2 was also insignificant (9. ...
Tópico(s): Poisoning and overdose treatments
1976 - Wiley | British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
... double-blind random study compared the effects of lorazepam and pantopon as intra-muscular premedication in healthy ... reduction at one and one-half hours after lorazepam and a smaller reduction after pantopon, which was ... in the change before and after the premedication. Lorazepam showed much more amnesia than pantopon (p < 0.001). The patients who had lorazepam required higher doses of thiopentone for the operation, ... led to longer intervals in recovery times after lorazepam. However, it is suggested that lorazepam itself was ...
Tópico(s): Nausea and vomiting management
1976 - Springer Nature | Canadian Anaesthetists Society journal / Journal de la Société canadienne des anesthésistes
The metabolism of lorazepam by man and four other species is reviewed. Lorazepam and its metabolites in blood, urine and faeces were identified ... rat produces other metabolites after small doses of lorazepam, and significant amounts of the glucuronide only after ... confined to an estimation of gree and conjugated lorazepam. Blood concentrations of unconjugated lorazepam peak at 1-4 h, significant concentrations persisting ... 24 h. About 95% of a dose of lorazepam was accounted for in urine and faeces over ...
Tópico(s): Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
1976 - Elsevier BV | British Journal of Anaesthesia
B. J. Alps, T. V. A. Harry, P. J. Southgate,
... class. Compared with a number of other benzodiazepines, lorazepam was the most potent agent tested in a ... mice and conditioned suppression learning tests. In addition, lorazepam exhibited potent anticonvulsant activity against metrazol convulsions and ... the separation of 'effective' and depressive doses of lorazepam, in the above tests, suggested there is likely ... and sedative doses in man.The demonstration that lorazepam was the most effective benzodiazepine tested in suppressing ... results provide good evidence for the 'specificity' of lorazepam's anti-anxiety potential, and support the lack ...
Tópico(s): Memory and Neural Mechanisms
1973 - Taylor & Francis | Current Medical Research and Opinion
David J. Greenblatt, Marcia D. Allen, Ann Locniskar, Jerold S. Harmatz, Richard I. Shader,
Lorazepam is a 3‐hydroxy‐1,4‐benzodiazepine derivative biotransformed by glucuronide conjugation, followed by urinary excretion ... 5‐ to 3.0‐mg doses of intravenous lorazepam were assessed in 15 healthy elderly subjects, 60 ... 38 yr of age. Volumes of distribution for lorazepam in the elderly group (mean, 0.99 1/ ... 0.99 ml/min/kg). Age differences in lorazepam clearance were partly explained by more frequent cigarette ... completeness of absorption of intramuscular (IM) and oral lorazepam was assessed in 10 of the elderly subjects. ...
Tópico(s): Memory and Neural Mechanisms
1979 - Wiley | Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
David J. Greenblatt, Richard I. Shader, Käte Franke, Dean S. MacLaughlin, Jerold S. Harmatz, Marcia D. Allen, Ann Werner, Elaine Woo,
... received single 2- and 4-mg doses of lorazepam by 5-min intravenous infusion, in tablet form ... mg iv, po, and im doses. Concentrations of lorazepam and its glucuronide metabolite in multiple plasma samples ... electron-capture GLC. Mean kinetic variables for intravenous lorazepam after 2- and 4-mg doses, respectively, were: ... ml/min/kg; and cumulative urinary excretion of lorazepam glucuronide, 81.1 and 82.3% of the ... time averaging 15–17 min, absorption of oral lorazepam was first order, with apparent absorption half-life ( ...
Tópico(s): Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
1979 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
K. Korttila, Leena Tarkkanen, T. Kuurne, Jaakko‐Juhani Himberg, Г Аббондати,
Administration of lorazepam for preanaesthetic medication is generally expected to produce amnesic action. We conducted two studies to evaluate the relationship of plasma levels of lorazepam with its clinical effects. Forty patients, receiving 0.03 or 0.05 mg/kg lorazepam i.m. as preanaesthetic medication for variolis neurosurgical ... 11 patients were given 0.03 mg/kg lorazepam i.v. and their degree of drowsiness was ... immediately before induction of anaesthesia. Plasma levels of lorazepam were measured by gaschromatography from samples drawn before ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
1982 - Wiley | Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
John L. Brown, Vivien Lewis, Malcolm W. Brown, Gabriel Horn, J. B. Bowes,
... possibility was investigated using two benzodiazepines, diazepam and lorazepam, with medical student volunteers. In Experiment 1, 27 ... of either diazepam (7.5 mg) or of lorazepam (3.0 mg) or of normal saline. In Experiment 2, a further 13 subjects were given lorazepam (2.5 mg) or saline. A double blind ... forms of memory test: the amnesia effect of lorazepam lasted for several hours. This amnesia was not attributable to failures of perception. Lorazepam appeared to affect recognition even more than recall. ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
1982 - Elsevier BV | Neuropsychologia
A G Whitelaw, A. J. CUMMINGS, I. R. McFadyen,
... three neonates born to 51 mothers treated with lorazepam were followed up for five days after delivery. Lorazepam had been given by mouth to 35 mothers ... to 16. In general, maternal plasma concentrations of lorazepam were higher than the corresponding cord plasma concentrations. ... the infants requiring ventilation at birth. Neonates conjugate lorazepam slowly to the pharmacologically inactive glucuronide, which is ... it is detectable for over seven days. Though lorazepam was detectable in breast milk, the maximum amounts ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
1981 - BMJ | BMJ
Anasticio M. Hoyumpa, Rashmi Patwardhan, M.D. Maples, Paul Desmond, Raymond F. Johnson, Alicia P. Sinclair, Steven Schenker,
... processes, differs from that of oxazepam (Serax®) and lorazepam (Ativan®), drugs which are inactivated by conjugation with ... term ethanol administration on glucuronidation and elimination of lorazepam in dogs and humans. Because, in dogs, lorazepam has a high extraction ratio (approximately 0.9) ... ethanol on the presystemic (first-pass) elimination of lorazepam was determined. Administration of p.o. lorazepam to five healthy dogs 1 hr after i. ... 3 gm/kg) reduced the presystemic elimination of lorazepam by 52% (p < 0.05). In man, lorazepam ...
Tópico(s): Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
1981 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Hepatology
... three neonates born to 51 mothers treated with lorazepam were followed up for five days after delivery.Lorazepam had been given by mouth to 35 mothers ... the infants requiring ventilation at birth.Neonates conjugate lorazepam slowly to the pharmacologically inactive glucuronide, which is ... it is detectable for over seven days.Though lorazepam was detectable in breast milk, the maximum amounts ... Full-term neonates whose mothers had received oral lorazepam had no complications apart from slight delay in ...
Tópico(s): Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
1981 - BMJ | BMJ
Nancy A. Ator, Roland R. Griffiths,
Four baboons were trained to discriminate lorazepam (1.0 mg/kg i.m.) and two baboons were trained to discriminate pentobarbital (5.6 mg/kg i.m.) in a ... Drug lever responding occurred after a range of lorazepam and diazepam doses in both lorazepam- and pentobarbital-trained baboons. Drug lever responding also ... baboons but in only one of the four lorazepam-trained baboons. Ro 15-1788 (0.1-1. ... mg/kg p.o.) antagonized the effect of lorazepam but had no effect on the pentobarbital discriminative stimulus. The asymmetrical generalization with lorazepam and pentobarbital suggests a specificity of discriminative stimulus ...
Tópico(s): Memory and Neural Mechanisms
1983 - American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
David W. Newton, Warren A. Narducci, William A. Leet, Clarence T. Ueda,
The solubility of lorazepam in aqueous i.v. solutions and the potential for lorazepam sorption from i.v. admixtures in flexible polyvinyl chloride ( ... solubility of triplicate samples containing 15 mg of lorazepam and 20 ml of deionized water, 5% dextrose, ... sodium chloride injections was determined. The decrease in lorazepam concentration from a 40-micrograms/ml admixture solution ... determine sorptive loss. The continuous flow sorption of lorazepam from duplicate admixtures was tested at three rates ... and 350-cm PVC tubing. The solubility of lorazepam in deionized water, 5% dextrose, lactated Ringer's, ...
Tópico(s): Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
1983 - Oxford University Press | American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy
Jonathan E. Walker, Richard W. Homan, Isaac L. Crawford,
Summary: Lorazepam was studied in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial in eight patients with frequent partial complex ... serum levels throughout the study, and concentrations of lorazepam were monitored. Following an 8‐week baseline observation, patients were randomly assigned to placebo or lorazepam (1 mg BID). The dose was increased biweekly ... seven of eight patients had fewer seizures on lorazepam, and the eighth had decreased seizure duration (a ... ml and side effects at >33 ng/ml. Lorazepam appears to be a useful adjunct in refractory ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
1984 - Wiley | Epilepsia
G. B. Wallace, Leonard J. Mindlin,
The safety and efficacy of lorazepam and hydroxyzine, administered intramuscularly for surgical premedication, were compared in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Ninety patients were given either 0.05 mg/kg of lorazepam (maximum 4 mg), 1.5 mg/kg of ... surgery. By 60 min after injection, patients given lorazepam or hydroxyzine were significantly (P less than 0. ... the placebo-treated patients. The sedative effect of lorazepam lasted longer than that of hydroxyzine. Baseline anxiety ... effect of the test drugs were not detected. Lorazepam-treated patients were consistently less able to recall ...
Tópico(s): Treatment of Major Depression
1984 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Anesthesia & Analgesia
Mark G. Kris, Richard J. Gralla, Rebecca A. Clark, Leslie B. Tyson, Susan Groshen,
... control vomiting caused by high doses of cisplatin. Lorazepam and diphenhydramine are useful adjuncts to antiemetics. In ... first time were randomly assigned to receive either lorazepam (1.5 mg/m2) or diphenhydramine (50 mg) ... the two regimens. Only 3% of patients receiving lorazepam experienced treatment-related restlessness as opposed to 19% ... P = 0.0002) were characteristic of patients receiving lorazepam. Patient-generated ratings revealed less anxiety (P = 0.0001) for those individuals given the lorazepam-containing combination. Both regimens were well accepted, with ...
Tópico(s): Colorectal and Anal Carcinomas
1987 - Wiley | Cancer
Richard I. Shader, Daniel A. Dreyfuss, John R. Gerrein, Jerold S. Harmatz, Shelley J Allison, David J. Greenblatt,
... healthy subjects received oral placebo, 1.5 mg lorazepam, or 3.0 mg lorazepam in a single-dose, three-way crossover study. Plasma lorazepam concentrations and subjects' self-rated sedative effects were ... list at 3 and 24 hours after dosing. Lorazepam plasma concentrations were proportional to dose. Self-rated sedation was maximal 2 to 3 hours after lorazepam dosing, persisted for 8 hours, and was dose ... this was reduced to 79% and 62% after lorazepam, 1.5 and 3.0 mg, respectively (F = ... trials. After 1.5 and 3.0 mg lorazepam, however, only 52% and 44% of words were ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
1986 - Wiley | Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Kam F. Jim, Claire M. Lathers, Valerie L. Farris, Larry F. Pratt, William H Spivey,
... This study examined the efficacy of i.o. lorazepam (LZP) in suppressing pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)‐induced seizure activity ... plus souvent utilisée. Ce travail étudie efficacité du Lorazepam i.o. dans la suppression de crises induites ... reçu soit aucun médicament (groupe contrôle), soit du Lorazepam (1.0 mg/kg) administré i.v. ou ... dans la partie proximate du tibia droit. Le Lorazépam i.o. et i.v. a significativement réduit ... administration du médicament: contrôle: 46.2 ± 3.6; Lorazepam IV, 25.0 5.1; Lorazépam i.o. ( ...
Tópico(s): Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
1989 - Wiley | Epilepsia
John H. Kearsley, Ann M. Williams, Anne-Marie Fiumara,
Lorazepam, oxazepam, and methylprednisolone were compared for antiemetic efficacy in patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy. Three consecutive courses ... the three agents and were evaluable for analysis. Lorazepam significantly reduced the number of patients with more ... P < 0.05) or methylprednisolone (P < 0.001). Lorazepam also significantly reduced the number of patients with ... first 48 hours postchemotherapy for those patients receiving lorazepam over those receiving methylprednisolone (P < 0.05). Lorazepam ...
Tópico(s): Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
1989 - Wiley | Cancer
Erica L Horinek, Tyree H. Kiser, Douglas N. Fish, Robert MacLaren,
Lorazepam is recommended by the Society of Critical Care Medicine as the preferred agent for sedation of critically ill patients. Intravenous lorazepam contains propylene glycol, which has been associated with toxicity when high doses of lorazepam are administered.To evaluate the accumulation of propylene glycol in critically ill patients receiving lorazepam by continuous infusion and determine factors associated with ... the medical intensive care unit who were receiving lorazepam by continuous infusion for 12 hours or more. ...
Tópico(s): Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
2009 - SAGE Publishing | Annals of Pharmacotherapy
... catatonia after “waking up” with a dose of lorazepam. To thoroughly identify and monitor signs and symptoms ... also be indicated. Finally, a “test dose” of lorazepam as described below may also help to make ... randomized placebo-controlled trial that was conducted with lorazepam in chronic catatonia patients with schizophrenia. In case ... including 178 psychiatric inpatients with catatonia, found that lorazepam was the most commonly used treatment, resolving symptoms ... GABA-ergic function in the orbitofrontal cortex. 10 Lorazepam is the most commonly used benzodiazepine in the ...
Tópico(s): Synthesis and Reactivity of Heterocycles
2009 - American Psychiatric Association Publishing | Journal of Neuropsychiatry
T.G. Sreenath, Piyush Gupta, Krishna K. Sharma, Sriram Krishnamurthy,
... well as in children. The efficacy of intravenous lorazepam has not been well established in children.To determine whether intravenous lorazepam is as efficacious as diazepam-phenytoin combination in ... were enrolled in the study; 90 in the lorazepam group and 88 in the diazepam-phenytoin combination ... hospital. They were randomized to receive either intravenous lorazepam (0.1 mg/kg) or intravenous diazepam (0. ... no statistically significant difference in the two groups (lorazepam versus diazepam-phenytoin combination) in the median time ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
2009 - Elsevier BV | European Journal of Paediatric Neurology
Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Chittaranjan Andrade, Pratima Murthy,
Objective: For important reasons, lorazepam (Ativan) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium) are both popular treatments for alcohol-withdrawal syndrome. Nevertheless, there is little literature directly comparing the ... withdrawal at screening were randomized to receive either lorazepam (8 mg/day) or chlordiazepoxide (80 mg/day) ... afterward. Results: One chlordiazepoxide patient developed withdrawal delirium. Lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide showed similar efficacy in reducing symptoms ... withdrawal, irritability and dizziness were more common with lorazepam, and palpitations were more common with chlordiazepoxide. No ...
Tópico(s): Neurological and metabolic disorders
2009 - Alcohol Research Documentation | Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
Johanna H. M. Tulen, P. Moleman, Frans Boomsma, H.G. van Steenis, Venantius J. H. M. van den Heuij,
Dose-dependent effects of intravenously administered lorazepam on psychophysiological activity during rest and mental stress were studied in order to examine differential responses to doses which may induce anxiolysis ... male volunteers participated in a placebo and a lorazepam session, during which the subjects repeatedly performed a ... with 10 min of rest between the CWTs. Lorazepam was administered before each rest period in increasing ... rest with an ED50 of 0.13 mg lorazepam, while lorazepam had no effect on the cardiovascular ...
Tópico(s): Sleep and Wakefulness Research
1991 - Springer Science+Business Media | Psychopharmacology
Andrea M. Allan, Lisa D. Baier, Xiangjian Zhang,
Mice were treated with 4 mg/kg of lorazepam for 7 days via implanted osmotic mini pumps. ... GABA-Cl-). Compared to control, brain membranes from lorazepam-tolerant mice were resistant to flunitrazepam stimulation of GABA-Cl-. Lorazepam tolerance did not affect [3H]diazepam binding affinity but did lower binding number slightly. Membranes from lorazepam-tolerant mice were cross-tolerant to both ethanol ... carboline-3-carboxamide (FG-7142) in membranes from lorazepam-tolerant mice was observed. FG-7142 was also ...
Tópico(s): Ion channel regulation and function
1992 - American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Ali Al‐Khafaji, W.E. Dewhirst, Harold L. Manning,
... propylene glycol toxicity from a continuous infusion of lorazepam while undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy. On cessation ... after admission. He was sedated with fentanyl and lorazepam administered by continuous infusion, and piperacillin/tazobactam antibiotic ... infusions of fentanyl at 1350 μg/h and lorazepam at 22 mg/h for over 72 h. ... potential causes by the laboratory studies presented. The lorazepam was discontinued and the patient was switched to ... propylene glycol level, drawn at the time the lorazepam was discontinued, was later reported to be 1308 ...
Tópico(s): Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
2002 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Anesthesia & Analgesia
Robert Malcolm, Hugh Myrick, James W. Roberts, W. Wang, Raymond F. Anton, J.C. Ballenger,
... study compared the therapeutic responses of the benzodiazepine lorazepam and the anticonvulsant carbamazepine for the outpatient treatment ... blind trial comparing patient responses to carbamazepine and lorazepam across 2 levels of detoxification histories (0–1 ... mg of carbamazepine or 6–8 mg of lorazepam in divided doses on day 1 tapering to 200 mg of carbamazepine or 2 mg of lorazepam. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment ... Side effects were recorded daily. RESULTS: Carbamazepine and lorazepam were equally effective at decreasing the symptoms of ...
Tópico(s): Schizophrenia research and treatment
2002 - Springer Science+Business Media | Journal of General Internal Medicine
Michael F. Chicella, Paul Jansen, Anitha Parthiban, Karen F. Marlowe, F. Aladar Bencsath, Kem P. Krueger, Robert C. Boerth,
... if propylene glycol accumulates in children receiving continuous lorazepam infusion and, if accumulation occurs, to determine if ... Eleven intubated pediatric intensive care patients receiving continuous lorazepam infusion for sedation.Propylene glycol accumulation was determined ... of therapy. Correlation between the cumulative dose of lorazepam received and the propylene glycol concentration measured at ... determined.Patients aged 1-15 months were studied. Lorazepam infusion rates ranged from 0.1 to 0. ...
Tópico(s): Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
2002 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Critical Care Medicine