Mario Amore, Mariella D’Andrea, Andrea Fagiolini,
... patient may be warranted to mitigate the situation. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that is widely used for ... remarkably little clinical evidence for the benefits of lorazepam in acute agitation. We performed a systematic review with focus on lorazepam, including all randomized clinical trials on lorazepam in mental and behavioral disorders, excluding studies on ... the five studies with haloperidol, the combination of lorazepam and haloperidol was superior to either agent alone, ... with the individual agents. In the study comparing lorazepam to olanzapine, olanzapine was superior to lorazepam, and ...
Tópico(s): Psychiatric care and mental health services
2021 - Frontiers Media | Frontiers in Psychiatry
Frank Scheuermeyer, Isabelle Miles, Daniel Lane, Brian Grunau, Eric Grafstein, Igor Sljivic, Shayla Duley, Alec Yan, Ivan Chiu, Andrew Kestler, David Barbic, Jessica Moe, Amanda Slaunwhite, Seonaid Nolan, Lianping Ti, Grant Innes,
... assist clinicians in selecting appropriate pharmacotherapy. We compare lorazepam with diazepam for the management of alcohol withdrawal ... Patients were stratified according to initial management with lorazepam versus diazepam. The primary outcome was hospital admission, ... Overall, 69 of 394 patients (17.5%) receiving lorazepam were admitted to the hospital compared with 94 ... for 78 of 325 (24.0%) who received lorazepam and 94 of 410 (23.2%) who received ... ED patients with acute alcohol withdrawal, patients receiving lorazepam had an admission rate similar to that of ...
Tópico(s): Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
2020 - Elsevier BV | Annals of Emergency Medicine
Hari Hara Suchandra, Venkata Senthil Kumar Reddi, Bhaskaran Aandi Subramaniyam, Krishna Prasad Muliyala,
... be life-threatening unless timely identified and treated. Lorazepam's ubiquitous response has led to its universal ... catatonia and alludes to catatonia's neurobiological underpinnings. Lorazepam challenge test (LCT) is widely used to either confirm a catatonia diagnosis or determine lorazepam sensitivity. It has a proposed schedule for administering lorazepam. However, efficacy of recommended LCT doses lack systematic ... challenging to generalize or assist with developing standardized lorazepam treatment protocols for catatonia. Given the same, this ...
Tópico(s): Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
2020 - SAGE Publishing | Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
A symptom-triggered lorazepam regimen is the standard for treating alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in an inpatient setting. However, in severe AWS, lorazepam requirements can reach significant amounts and lead to ... safety of phenobarbital in adjunct to symptom-triggered lorazepam for severe AWS vs. lorazepam alone in the intensive care unit (ICU). A ... AWS receiving either phenobarbital adjunct to symptom-triggered lorazepam or lorazepam alone. The primary outcome was the total duration ... days (IQR = 1.6–4.8) in the lorazepam arm (p = 0.578). The median ICU length ...
Tópico(s): Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
2019 - Elsevier BV | Alcohol
John R. Richards, Brent K. Gordon, Aaron Danielson, Aimee Moulin,
... 2 studies (64 subjects), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and lorazepam were discussed as effective long- and short-term ... Another reported favorable response to morphine, ondansetron, and lorazepam but did not specify the actual number of ... cyclic vomiting syndrome and cannabis use is inconclusive. Lorazepam was mentioned as the most effective acute therapy ... to respond to treatment with ondansetron, promethazine, diphenhydramine, lorazepam, and hydromorphone, but further details were not given. ... 20 reported favorable response to morphine, ondansetron, and lorazepam; however, the actual number of patients receiving specific ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
2017 - Wiley | Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy
Joane Y Tang, Tony K. L. Kiang, Mary H. H. Ensom,
Coadministration of lorazepam and valproic acid is identified by tertiary references as causing a major drug interaction that requires therapy modification ... dosage adjustments. The proposed mechanism involves inhibition of lorazepam glucuronidation via direct inhibition of uridine 5'-diphosphate- ... responses to the interaction between valproic acid and lorazepam.A chart review was conducted for patients over ... Columbia, and who received concomitant valproic acid and lorazepam therapy.Of the 30 patients included in the ...
Tópico(s): Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
2017 - Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists | The Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy
Hendrik-Jan Mijderwijk, Markus Klimek, S. van der Beek, Ron H. N. van Schaik, Hugo J. Duivenvoorden, Robert Jan Stolker,
BACKGROUND: Lorazepam is used as premedication for its anxiolytic properties. The UGT2B15 genotype is of importance for the metabolism of lorazepam. The clinical effect of genetic polymorphisms in UGT2B15 ... anxiety levels in same-day surgery patients receiving lorazepam, however, is unknown. METHODS: Three hundred ninety-eight ... randomized controlled trial who were assigned to either lorazepam [n = 198] or placebo [n = 200]) were assessed ... the following factors: UGT2B15 genotype status, treatment condition (lorazepam or placebo), patient sex, and preoperative anxiety score. ...
Tópico(s): Treatment of Major Depression
2016 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Anesthesia & Analgesia
Karol Ramírez, Anzela Niraula, John F. Sheridan,
... neuroinflammatory signaling and long-lasting social avoidant behavior. Lorazepam and clonazepam are routinely prescribed anxiolytics that act ... site (CBBS) in the central nervous system (CNS), lorazepam binds to the translocator protein (TSPO) with high ... TSPO. Here the aims were to determine if lorazepam and clonazepam would: (1) prevent stress-induced peripheral ... divided into experimental groups, and treated with either lorazepam (0.10 mg/kg), clonazepam (0.25 mg/ ... the morning after the last cycle of RSD. Lorazepam and clonazepam were effective in attenuating mRNA expression ...
Tópico(s): Stress Responses and Cortisol
2015 - Elsevier BV | Brain Behavior and Immunity
August S. Bassani, Daniel Banov,
In Vitro Characterization of the Percutaneous Absorption of Lorazepam into Human Cadaver Torso Skin, Using the Franz Skin Finite Dose Models Objective Lorazepam is a sedative that may be used for ... anxiety, insomnia, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Lorazepam can be incorporated into transdermal bases such as ... study is to characterize the percutaneous absorption of lorazepam 5 mg/g in Phospholipid Base, when applied ... finite dose model. Methods The percutaneous absorption of lorazepam was evaluated using ex vivo human cadaver torso ...
Tópico(s): Epilepsy research and treatment
2015 - OMICS Publishing Group | Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Research
James M. Chamberlain, Pamela J. Okada, Maija Holsti, Prashant Mahajan, Kathleen Brown, Cheryl Vance, Víctor M. González, Richard Lichenstein, Rachel Stanley, David C. Brousseau, Joseph A. Grubenhoff, Roger Zemek, David W. Johnson, Traci E. Clemons, Jill M. Baren,
... for pediatric status epilepticus. Some studies suggest that lorazepam may be more effective or safer than diazepam, but lorazepam is not Food and Drug Administration approved for this indication. Objective To test the hypothesis that lorazepam has better efficacy and safety than diazepam for ... patients; 140 randomized to diazepam and 133 to lorazepam. Interventions Patients received either 0.2 mg/kg of diazepam or 0.1 mg/kg of lorazepam intravenously, with half this dose repeated at 5 ... and 97 of 133 (72.9%) in the lorazepam group, with an absolute efficacy difference of 0. ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
2014 - American Medical Association | JAMA
Manya Prasad, Pudukode R. Krishnan, Reginald P. Sequeira, Khaldoon Al‐Roomi,
... 95% CI 0.57 to 0.92). Intravenous lorazepam was better than placebo for risk of non- ... 95% CI 0.38 to 0.71). Intravenous lorazepam was better than intravenous diazepam for reducing the ... 95% CI 0.45 to 0.88). Intravenous lorazepam was better than intravenous phenytoin for risk of ... as effective as (probably more effective than) intravenous lorazepam in control of seizures (RR1.16, 95% CI ... 0.28 to 2.00). Both levetiracetam and lorazepam were equally effective in aborting seizures (RR 0. ... to unclear reporting by the study authors.Intravenous lorazepam is better than intravenous diazepam or intravenous phenytoin ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
2014 - Elsevier BV | Cochrane library
Verawan Uchaipichat, Chuthamanee Suthisisang, John O. Miners,
The widely used hypnosedative-anxiolytic agent R,S-lorazepam is cleared predominantly by conjugation with glucuronic acid in humans, but the enantioselective glucuronidation of lorazepam has received little attention. The present study characterized ... of the separate R and S enantiomers of lorazepam by human liver microsomes (HLMs) and by a ... and V max values for R- and S-lorazepam glucuronidation by HLM were 29 ± 8.9 and ... the in vivo clearances of R- and S-lorazepam are likely to be similar. Both R- and ...
Tópico(s): Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
2013 - American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | Drug Metabolism and Disposition
Derek S. Tsang, Francine E.M. Voncken, Regina Tse, Jenna Sykes, Rebecca Wong, R. Dinniwell, John Kim, Jolie Ringash, James D. Brierley, Bernard Cummings, Anthony Brade, Laura A. Dawson,
... guided radiation therapy (IGRT). We hypothesized that pretreatment lorazepam would lead to a measurable reduction of liver ... 1 of 2 study arms: arm 1 received lorazepam 2 mg by mouth on day 1, followed ... 2 received placebo on day 1, followed by lorazepam 4 to 8 days later. After tablet ingestion ... relative and absolute reduction in CC amplitude with lorazepam was 21% and 2.5 mm respectively (95% ... 13% (95% CI 1%-25%) of patients receiving lorazepam (vs 10% receiving placebo, P=NS); 65% (95% ... with large respiratory movement and patients who took lorazepam ≥60 minutes before imaging had greater reductions in ...
Tópico(s): Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
2013 - Elsevier BV | International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
Hendrik-Jan Mijderwijk, S. van der Beek, Markus Klimek, Hugo J. Duivenvoorden, Frank Grüne, Robert Jan Stolker,
... day-case surgery, the effects of the anxiolytic lorazepam as premedication on the quality of postoperative recovery are unknown.To evaluate whether lorazepam as a premedication beneficially affects quality of recovery ( ... pain treatment; preceding use of psychopharmaceuticals; contraindication to lorazepam.Lorazepam (1 to 1.5 mg) intravenously vs. NaCl ... Trait scores decreased less in the group with lorazepam at T1 (32.3 vs. 29.3, P < ... HADS-Anxiety decreased less in the group with lorazepam at T3 (31.1 vs. 30.0; P = ...
Tópico(s): Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
2013 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | European Journal of Anaesthesiology
Jelmer Vellema, Nicole Hunfeld, H.E.A. van den Akker, Joop H. ter Horst,
Lorazepam is a strong sedative for intensive care patients and a commonly used method of administering it ... patient is by infusion of a freshly prepared lorazepam solution. During lorazepam infusion often unwanted lorazepam crystallization occurs, resulting in line obstruction and reduced lorazepam concentrations. With the aid of solubility measurements a solid–liquid phase diagram for lorazepam in mixtures of a commercially available lorazepam solution and an aqueous glucose solution was determined. ...
Tópico(s): Epilepsy research and treatment
2011 - Elsevier BV | European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Pratik P. Pandharipande, Robert D. Sanders, Timothy D. Girard, Stuart McGrane, Jennifer L. Thompson, Ayumi Shintani, Daniel Herr, Mervyn Maze, E. Wesley Ely,
... an α 2 adrenoceptor agonist), as compared with lorazepam (a benzodiazepine), would provide greater improvements in clinical ... patients were randomized to receive dexmedetomidine-based or lorazepam-based sedation for up to 5 days. Delirium ... the 103 patients randomized, 63 (31 dexmedetomidine; 32 lorazepam) were admitted with sepsis and 40 (21 dexmedetomidine; 19 lorazepam) without sepsis. Baseline characteristics were similar between treatment ... septic patients. Compared with septic patients who received lorazepam, the dexmedetomidine septic patients had 3.2 more ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
2010 - BioMed Central | Critical Care
Evanthia Riddle, Jeff Bush, Mary Tittle, Dimple Dilkhush,
... most commonly used benzodiazepines are diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and lorazepam.6,18,19 A literature review suggested that ... are the long-acting drugs of choice, and lorazepam and oxazepam are the intermediate-acting drugs of ... interval.1,20 Oral chlordiazepoxide and/or intravenous lorazepam were chosen as the drugs to be incorporated ... the standing order set.1,6,15,17 Lorazepam was chosen because it has no active metabolites ... dosing routes.In addition to the use of lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide, the standing order set included the ...
Tópico(s): Neurological and metabolic disorders
2010 - American Association of Critical-Care Nurses | Critical Care Nurse
Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Chittaranjan Andrade, Pratima Murthy,
Objective: For important reasons, lorazepam (Ativan) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium) are both popular treatments for alcohol-withdrawal syndrome. Nevertheless, there is little literature directly comparing the ... withdrawal at screening were randomized to receive either lorazepam (8 mg/day) or chlordiazepoxide (80 mg/day) ... afterward. Results: One chlordiazepoxide patient developed withdrawal delirium. Lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide showed similar efficacy in reducing symptoms ... withdrawal, irritability and dizziness were more common with lorazepam, and palpitations were more common with chlordiazepoxide. No ...
Tópico(s): Neurological and metabolic disorders
2009 - Alcohol Research Documentation | Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
T.G. Sreenath, Piyush Gupta, Krishna K. Sharma, Sriram Krishnamurthy,
... well as in children. The efficacy of intravenous lorazepam has not been well established in children.To determine whether intravenous lorazepam is as efficacious as diazepam-phenytoin combination in ... were enrolled in the study; 90 in the lorazepam group and 88 in the diazepam-phenytoin combination ... hospital. They were randomized to receive either intravenous lorazepam (0.1 mg/kg) or intravenous diazepam (0. ... no statistically significant difference in the two groups (lorazepam versus diazepam-phenytoin combination) in the median time ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
2009 - Elsevier BV | European Journal of Paediatric Neurology
Erica L Horinek, Tyree H. Kiser, Douglas N. Fish, Robert MacLaren,
Lorazepam is recommended by the Society of Critical Care Medicine as the preferred agent for sedation of critically ill patients. Intravenous lorazepam contains propylene glycol, which has been associated with toxicity when high doses of lorazepam are administered.To evaluate the accumulation of propylene glycol in critically ill patients receiving lorazepam by continuous infusion and determine factors associated with ... the medical intensive care unit who were receiving lorazepam by continuous infusion for 12 hours or more. ...
Tópico(s): Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency
2009 - SAGE Publishing | Annals of Pharmacotherapy
... catatonia after “waking up” with a dose of lorazepam. To thoroughly identify and monitor signs and symptoms ... also be indicated. Finally, a “test dose” of lorazepam as described below may also help to make ... randomized placebo-controlled trial that was conducted with lorazepam in chronic catatonia patients with schizophrenia. In case ... including 178 psychiatric inpatients with catatonia, found that lorazepam was the most commonly used treatment, resolving symptoms ... GABA-ergic function in the orbitofrontal cortex. 10 Lorazepam is the most commonly used benzodiazepine in the ...
Tópico(s): Synthesis and Reactivity of Heterocycles
2009 - American Psychiatric Association Publishing | Journal of Neuropsychiatry
Simon Shorvon, Michel Baulac, J. Helen Cross, Eugen Trinka, Matthew C. Walker,
... consideration, the workshop considered this should include: fosphenytoin, lorazepam, midazolam, phenytoin, phenobarbital, and valproate). National authorities should ... such drugs as IV or buccal midazolam, IV lorazepam, IV valproate, IV levetiracetam, and IV propofol). The ... least one RCT and metaanalysis that conclude that lorazepam is slightly superior to diazepam. Treatment with benzodiazepine ... established SE. Neglecting maintenance therapy. Emergency therapy with lorazepam, phenytoin, or phenobarbital will have an effect for ...
Tópico(s): Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
2008 - Wiley | Epilepsia
Jeffrey Fong, Salmaan Kanji, Joseph F. Dasta, Erik Garpestad, John W. Devlin,
... of mechanical ventilation compared with scheduled intermittent intravenous lorazepam, its conclusions may not be applicable to surgical ... surgical ICU patients receiving propofol versus scheduled intermittent lorazepam in routine clinical practice.Retrospective data (January 2001- ... or more of either propofol or scheduled intermittent lorazepam as the sole sedative. Clinically relevant variables were ... in these variables between propofol and scheduled intermittent lorazepam groups within the ICU cohorts were then measured. ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
2007 - SAGE Publishing | Annals of Pharmacotherapy
W. W. McDaniel, David Spiegel, A. K. Sahota,
... suffering from catatonic agitation include benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). 1 As benzodiazepine therapy ... to demonstrate catatonic mutism, negativism, and occasional posturing. Lorazepam was added in low dose (about 3 mg ... of ECT, and a trial of high-dose lorazepam, up to 9 mg daily, was offered. This ... daily dose reached 200 mg per day, and lorazepam was gradually withdrawn. Risperidone therapy was continued with ... and immobility continued despite this improvement and continued lorazepam therapy. Our experience with the patient prompted another ...
Tópico(s): Synthesis and Reactivity of Heterocycles
2006 - American Psychiatric Association Publishing | Journal of Neuropsychiatry
Karen Dominguez, Mark R. Crowley, Denise M. Coleman, Robert Katz, Diana G. Wilkins, H. William Kelly,
... is limited. Objective: To document the occurrence of lorazepam withdrawal in critically ill children and identify predictors ... enrolled pediatric patients receiving a continuous infusion of lorazepam for at least 72 hours. The lorazepam dosage was tapered in a uniform fashion over ... was then discontinued. The occurrence of withdrawal from lorazepam was determined by pediatric intensive care unit attending ... beginning 48 hours after the initiation of the lorazepam taper. Assessments were continued for 72 hours after ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
2006 - SAGE Publishing | Annals of Pharmacotherapy
F. Veser, B. Veser, Jason T. McMullan, Joseph J. Zealberg, Glenn W. Currier,
... intramuscular (IM) haloperidol, both in combination with IM lorazepam, in the management of acute agitation and psychosis ... 2 mg oral risperidone and 2 mg IM lorazepam; 2) 5 mg oral haloperidol and 2 mg IM lorazepam; 3) oral placebo and 2 mg IM lorazepam. Each treatment group received both an injection and ... point. The two groups receiving an antipsychotic plus lorazepam showed a trend towards increased symptom reduction compared with the group receiving lorazepam alone, although this trend was not statistically significant. ...
Tópico(s): Psychiatric care and mental health services
2006 - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins | Journal of Psychiatric Practice
In this work, direct determination of lorazepam, an anxiolytic and sedative agent, in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids (urine and human plasma) was accomplished based on ultraviolet spectrophotometry (260– ... 50 to 8.75 μg ml−1 of lorazepam. Multivariate calibration models using PLS at different pH ... PARAFAC were elaborated for ultraviolet spectra deconvolution and lorazepam quantitation. The best models for the system were ... of real samples were evaluated by determination of lorazepam in pharmaceutical preparations and biological (urine and plasma) ...
Tópico(s): Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
2005 - Elsevier BV | Analytica Chimica Acta
Chantal Holvoet, Yvan Vander Heyden, J. Plaizier-Vercammen,
The development of a parenteral lorazepam formulation, using cyclodextrins (CDs) as inclusion complexation agents, was investigated. CDs suitable for parenteral injection, i.e., hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP- ... for the possibility to increase the solubility of lorazepam. Lorazepam interacted with all tested CD derivatives and 1: ... highest solubility improvement, reaching about 6 mg/ml lorazepam in 30% (w/v) CD solution. When using ... dissolved. HP-γ-CD interacts much less with lorazepam. Parenteral solutions with 4 mg/ml in 30% ( ...
Tópico(s): Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
2005 - Taylor & Francis | Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy
Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
Sabine Pompéia, Gilberto Mastrocola Manzano, Sérgio Tufik, OFA Bueno,
... et al. (2005) reported that two benzodiazepines (BZs), lorazepam (2.5 mg p.o.) and diazepam (20 ... to the already well-established atypical nature of lorazepam effects (see Pompéia et al. 2003a) for a ... reports that point to the atypical effects of lorazepam in contrast to that of other BZs (Pompéia ... and physiological evidence. In terms of behavioural measures, lorazepam has an atypical profile in animal discrimination studies ( ... named episodic memory (Curran, 2000). In contrast to lorazepam, however, no other BZ, including diazepam, has been ...
Tópico(s): Neural dynamics and brain function
2005 - Wiley | The Journal of Physiology
Eleonora L. Swart, Joost de Jongh, Klaas P. Zuideveld, Meindert Danhof, L. G. Thijs, Robert J. M. Strack van Schijndel,
... objective is to study the population pharmacokinetics of lorazepam and midazolam in critically ill patients with acute ... renal failure on CVVH therapy were administered either lorazepam (n = 10) or midazolam (n = 10) by continuous ... drug and its metabolites. Results: The pharmacokinetics of lorazepam is described best by a 1-compartment model. ... of plasma protein binding was 82.9% for lorazepam, with a sieving coefficient of 0.16 ± 0. ... coefficient of 0.45 ± 0.06. Conclusion: Neither lorazepam nor midazolam is removed efficiently by CVVH. CVVH ...
Tópico(s): Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
2005 - Elsevier BV | American Journal of Kidney Diseases