Dominique Archambault, Victor Moço,
This paper describes the Canonical MathML, a tentative to unify MathML structures in a deterministic way in order to simplify transcription into Braille. All Mathematical structures that ... and rewritten in a unique way. Additionally Canonical MathML is valid MathML so it can be used with common tools which handle MathML. The Canonical MathML was successfully used to build several transcribers from MathML to Braille national codes.
Tópico(s): Interactive and Immersive Displays
2006 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Paul Stanley, Arthur I. Karshmer,
... been created that translates math statements encoded as MathML into Nemeth Braille Code (NBC). This translation is conducted in two phases, the translation of the MathML elements into NBC, then the implementation of rules specific to Nemeth Braille that are irrelevant to MathML. All MathML elements holding semantically relevant information are translated by ... editor that can save that statement in the MathML format, and then convert that statement into Nemeth ...
Tópico(s): Tactile and Sensory Interactions
2006 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
This paper presents a preliminary attempt to understand the forms and practices of Protestant charity. Christian charity is often equated in France with Catholic charity. But Protestants, although they were in the minority, did develop charitable activities in France beginning in the nineteenth century. These works, based on "diaconal" will, were part of the golden age of religious charity in the nineteenth century. In response to the secularization of society, charitable practices changed first ...
Tópico(s): Religion, Society, and Development
2011 - Éditions de l'Atelier | Le Mouvement social
This paper investigates metaphorical euphemisms underlying the categories of relationship and death in three Formosan languages: Kavalan, Paiwan, and Seediq, within the framework of Lakoff and Johnson’s Cognitive Metaphor Theory. The term “metaphorical euphemism” is proposed to represent both linguistic and cognitive relations of euphemism and metaphor. A metaphorical euphemism refers to a euphemism that adopts metaphorical mapping of both source and target domains to express the notion of a forbidden ...
Tópico(s): Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
2011 - University of Hawaii Press | Oceanic Linguistics
Evergetism has had two parallel trajectories. Since the early twentieth century, it is a historiographical concept regarding the Ancient World, which owes its celebrity to Paul Veyne. In the meantime, it has been used to describe the contemporary practice of corporate sponsoring. This article aims at showing the common past and intertwining of these trajectories. Their roots can be traced back to the eighteenth century, with the progressive integration of the Ottoman Empire in the European political ...
Tópico(s): Religion and Society Interactions
2011 - Éditions de l'Atelier | Le Mouvement social
Laurent Hauswirth, Harold Rosenberg, Joel Spruck,
We extend the classical existence and uniqueness theory of Jenkins-Serrin $(H=0)$ and Spruck $(H>0)$ for the constant mean curvature equation over a domain in $R^2$, to domains in $H^2$ or $S^2$. This theory allows prescribed boundary data including plus or minus infinity on entire arcs of the boundary. Necessarily these arc must have curvature $+2H$ or $-2H$ with respect to the domain. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for existence in terms of so called admissible polygons. The key idea, as ...
Tópico(s): Numerical methods in inverse problems
2009 - Johns Hopkins University Press | American Journal of Mathematics
Tópico(s): Business and Management Studies
2009 - University of Puerto Rico | Caribbean studies
Bruce R. Miller, Abdou Youssef,
... forms for the math, such as or Content MathML, the indexed form can be enhanced by co- ... the accuracy and richness of expression. Unfortunately, Content MathML is not always available, and the conversion from to Presentation MathML (pMML) is too complex to carry out on ...
Tópico(s): Open Education and E-Learning
2008 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
MathML is a mathematical markup language intended for displaying mathematics in web browsers. At present, it can ... some of the details of the use of MathML to display the output from a web-based ... R EDUCE . Two screenshots showing examples of rendered MathML output are included.
Tópico(s): Modeling and Simulation Systems
2000 - Association for Computing Machinery | ACM SIGSAM Bulletin
Les Illustres Françaises: Un nouvel art du roman à l'aube du XVme SiècleJacques Cormier Pour tous ceux qui ont eu le bonheur de suivre l'émergence progressive de l'œuvre de Robert Challe, l'importance des Illustres Françaises1 est une évidence. S'appuyant sur les remarques fécondes que Frédéric Deloffre avait multipliées dans la préface de son édition de 1959, Henri Coulet affirmait , dès 1967, que «dans l'ensemble aucune œuvre réaliste jusqu'alors n'avait été aussi solidement construite, aucune n' ...
Tópico(s): Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis
1995 - University of Toronto Press | Eighteenth-Century Fiction
Andriy Kovalchuk, Vyacheslav Levitsky, Igor Samolyuk, Valentyn Yanchuk,
Implementation of an editing process for Content MathML formulas in common visual style is a real challenge for a software developer who does not really want the user to have to understand the structure of Content MathML in order to edit an expression, since it ... the Formulator project and discuss features of this MathML editor, which provides a user with a WYSIWYG editing style while authoring MathML documents with Content or mixed markup. We also ... the approach taken to enhance availability of the MathML editor to end-users, demonstrating an online version ...
Tópico(s): Digital Humanities and Scholarship
2010 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Howard S. Cohl, Moritz Schubotz, Abdou Youssef, André Greiner-Petter, Jürgen Gerhard, Bonita V. Saunders, Marjorie A. McClain, Joon Seok Bang, Kevin Chen,
... efforts is to provide semantically enriched standard conforming MathML representations to the public for formulae in digital mathematics libraries. These representations include presentation MathML, content MathML, generic LaTeX, semantic LaTeX, and now CAS representations ...
Tópico(s): Digital Humanities and Scholarship
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Josef B. Baker, Alan P. Sexton, Volker Sorge,
... multiple formats including $\mbox\LaTeX$ , HTML with embedded MathML, and plain text. Using a bespoke PDF parser ... used directly, within the limits of the presentation MathML produced, as machine readable mathematical input to software ...
Tópico(s): Open Education and E-Learning
2012 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Hideki Hashimoto, Yoshinori Hijikata, Shogo Nishida,
... index numbers. We present a search engine for MathML objects using the structure of mathematical formulas. The ... indices by using the DOM structure of the MathML object. We proposed two types of index. One ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Database Systems and Queries
2008 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics
Hélder Ferreira, Diamantino Freitas,
... provides conversions from mathematical expressions in W3C’s MathML [3][4] format into plain text, something that ... levels of interpretation of the content of the MathML coded expressions and conversion into spoken form, are ...
Tópico(s): Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies
2004 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
The Mathematical Markup Language (MathML [1]), a standard language for the encoding of mathematical expressions, is going to have a deep impact on a vast ... 11], a well-established language for typesetting, and MathML, whose diffusion is promisingly taking o. in these ...
Tópico(s): Open Education and E-Learning
2003 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
André Greiner-Petter, Moritz Schubotz, Howard S. Cohl, Béla Gipp,
... of encoding presentational and semantic information. Even though MathML is an official recommendation by W3C and an ... few systems which use the full descriptiveness of MathML. MathML's high complexity results in a steep learning ... why many community-driven projects refrain from using MathML, and instead develop problem-specific data formats for ... friendly, open-source application programming interface for controlling MathML data. Our API is written in JAVA and ... access commonly needed information in presentation and content MathML. Our interface also provides tools for calculating differences ...
Tópico(s): Algorithms and Data Compression
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
The increase in importance of OpenMath and MathML as mathematical representations revealed the need for an interface relating them both transparently. An interface should offer the possibility of translating expressions from ... meaning. Given that there is a distinction between MathML's and OpenMath's approach to encoding mathematics, ... motivated the design and implementation of my OpenMath/MathML Interface for REDUCE. The primary aim was to understand the differences and similarities between OpenMath and MathML, to assess their exchange-ability and develop a ...
Tópico(s): Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing
2000 - Association for Computing Machinery | ACM SIGSAM Bulletin
Azadeh Nazemi, Iain Murray, David A. McMeekin,
... research project that is aimed at generating a MathML format from images of mathematical expressions that have been extracted from scanned PDF documents. A MathML representation of a scanned PDF document reduces the ... and encodes the mathematical notation and meaning. The MathML representation then becomes suitable for vocalization and accessible ... analysis and merging primitive components to generate the MathML of the scanned PDF document. An optional module converts MathML to audio format using a Text to Speech ...
Tópico(s): Algorithms and Data Compression
2014 - Springer Science+Business Media | IPSJ Transactions on Computer Vision and Applications
... and [2], it is extremely cumbersome to type MathML directly. This article describes a simple linear syntax which can be transformed into MathML. Using this syntax, it is easy to write a web page containing MathML. However, the really exciting thing about ASCIIMathML is ...
Tópico(s): Experimental Learning in Engineering
2007 - | MSOR Connections
Zahra Asebriy, Said Raghay, Omar Bencharef,
... translate a query math formula in braille into MathML code, and then we extract the structural and semantic meaning from the MathML expressions using multilevel presentation. In the classification phase, ...
Tópico(s): Video Analysis and Summarization
2018 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Symmetry
Lois Frankel, Beth Brownstein, Neil Soiffer,
... Mathematics Expressions by Students With Visual Impairments via MathML , to provide easy‐to‐use tools for authoring ...
Tópico(s): Disability Education and Employment
2017 - Wiley | ETS Research Report Series
Fotini Simistira, Vassilis Katsouros, G. Carayannis,
... mathematical expression in order to produce the respective MathML output. For the recognition of mathematical expressions we ... an overall mean error rate of 2.8%. MathML output is evaluated with the use of the ...
Tópico(s): Natural Language Processing Techniques
2014 - Elsevier BV | Pattern Recognition Letters
D. P. Dobson, Elisabetta Mariani,
... constants, kiki, which are Arrhenius with View the MathML sourceln(k10)=−6.36±0.25 m2/s ... mol for the ringwoodite layer, and View the MathML sourceln(k20)=−9.2±3.3 m2/s ...
Tópico(s): earthquake and tectonic studies
2014 - Elsevier BV | Earth and Planetary Science Letters
Y. Brouet, Anny-Chantal Levasseur-Regourd, P. Encrenaz, S. Gulkis,
... sizes ranging from a few to View the MathML source , i.e. Etna's ashes and NASA ... sub-samples is greater than about View the MathML source and implies an increase of the real ...
Tópico(s): Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
2014 - Elsevier BV | Planetary and Space Science
... As a somewhat early adopter of large-scale MathML content online, and exposing a math-aware search ... projects, we describe some of our observations delivering MathML content and trends in both web usage and ...
Tópico(s): Digital Humanities and Scholarship
2013 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Mohammad Salahuddin, Shahjahan Khan,
This study investigates the causal relationship between economic growth, energy consumption and CO 2 emission in Australia using time series data for the period of 1965–2007. Johansen cointegration technique is employed to examine the long run relationship between economic growth, energy consumption and CO 2 emission. Results suggest that there is no cointegrating relationship among the variables; economic growth, energy consumption and CO 2 emission in Australia. VAR in first differences is conducted. ...
Tópico(s): Environmental Impact and Sustainability
2013 - Western Illinois University | The Journal of developing areas
Minh-Quoc Nghiem, Giovanni Yoko Kristianto, Akiko Aizawa,
... from presentation markup to content markup. We use MathML, an application of XML, to describe both the ...
Tópico(s): Topic Modeling
2013 - Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers | IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems
This paper examines the link between ancient Greek prostitutes and the textile industry, specifically through the women’s association with braiding frames, spinning, and wool-baskets, as they are portrayed in Attic vase-painting. The argument presented is twofold: one, prostitutes from all ranks were involved in the textile industry and were thus depicted working wool in vase-painting; and two, Aphrodite, the prostitutes’ patron deity, was also linked with textiles through the representations of ...
Tópico(s): Ancient Near East History
2013 - Johns Hopkins University Press | The Classical World
Tópico(s): Canadian Identity and History
2013 - | Nouvelles études francophones/Nouvelles etudes francophones