Lian Zucker, Edward H. Kaplan,
... that include safe rooms, bomb shelters, early detection alarms, and missile defense. How many casualties would occur were such systems not in place? This article applies shrapnel-casualty ...
Tópico(s): Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
2013 - Taylor & Francis | Studies in Conflict and Terrorism
... issues such as the deployment of anti-ballistic missile defense systems in Eastern Europe over which Moscow continues to express vociferous military alarm but which in reality disguises Russian hegemonic ambitions ...
Tópico(s): Post-Soviet Geopolitical Dynamics
2012 - Elsevier BV | Communist and Post-Communist Studies
Missile warning systems operating in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum have become a common part of the suite of self-defence systems of modern aircraft. These systems have a low false alarm rate and a detection range of several kilometers against man-portable surface-to-air missiles. The performance of the missile warning systems depends on several factors, including weather and threat type. This paper uses a generaic missile warning sensor and a recently developed model to predict missile plume ...
Tópico(s): Ocular and Laser Science Research
2003 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
Felix R. Hoots, Paul W. Schumacher, Robert A. Glover,
... Force needed a practical way to prevent false missile-warning alarms as satellites transited through the coverage of warning systems, whereas the U.S. Navy needed a way to alert fleet units against possible overhead reconnaissance by satellites. Both needs led to the creation of a complete catalog of detectable space objects, with satellite tracking data forwarded continually to a central processing facility and updated orbital data distributed routinely to defense users. Naturally, the catalog also served, and still ...
Tópico(s): Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
2004 - American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics
One of the serious risks associated with the strategic nuclear arsenals of Russia and the United States is that an accidental launch might result from a false alarm or from misinterpreting information provided by an early-warning system. This risk will not be reduced by bringing down the number of strategic missiles on high alert to the level of about 500 warheads on each side because this measure will not significantly affect first-strike vulnerability of the Russian strategic forces. Other measures ...
Tópico(s): Military
2006 - Taylor & Francis | Science and Global Security
Joel Sansana, Ricardo Rendall, Zhenyu Wang, Leo H. Chiang, Marco S. Reis,
In multisensor fusion, several sources of information are combined in order to increase the estimation quality for the quantity of interest. This activity finds many applications from tactical missile defense to self-driving cars and the estimation of variables difficult to measure such as analyte concentrations in chemical processes. In industrial applications, it is common to employ laboratory analysis that provides more accurate measurements but usually at slower rates, with significant delays ...
Tópico(s): Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
2020 - American Chemical Society | Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
Anti-ship missiles, especially seaskimmers, are severe threats for the ships of naval forces. Infrared Search and Track (IRST) systems offer the passive detection of such targets at long ranges. The performance requirements for such a warning system are very tough: the false alarm rate (FAR) shall not exceed one false alarm per day. To assess the performance of an IRST system (FAR, detection probability, range) a very large data set must be processed. For this purpose an IRST data acquisition and assessment ...
Tópico(s): Military
1998 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
D. J. McDermott, R. S. Johnson, Joel B. Montgomery, R. B. Sanderson, John F. McCalmont, M. J. Taylor,
... bands. The testbed was utilized to collect false alarm sources spectra and Man-Portable Air Defense System (MANPADS) signatures under a variety of atmospheric and solar illuminating conditions. Signatures of approximately 100 missiles have been recorded.
Tópico(s): Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods
2008 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
The Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) at Fylingdales in Yorkshire was designed to provide early warning of nuclear-armed ballistic missiles. Doubts about its technical performance (whether it would work reliably without causing false alarms) and about the utility of short warning times faded in the light of the organisational utility of Fylingdales to the RAF. The credibility of the V-bombers depended on their ability to scramble before being attacked on the ground, and Fylingdales was ...
Tópico(s): Twentieth Century Scientific Developments
2006 - Routledge | Contemporary British History
As missile and space launch technology continue to proliferate around the world, nations will benefit from increased transparency to mitigate the potentially strategic consequences of early warning false alarms or misinterpretations. Previous false alarms and risk mitigation steps taken by the United States and the former Soviet Union and Russia are examined. Two pre-launch notification initiatives, the bilateral US/Russia Joint Data Exchange Center and the multilateral Hague Code of Conduct, offer ...
Tópico(s): Nuclear Issues and
2007 - Elsevier BV | Space Policy
Lisbeth Gronlund, David Wright, George N. Lewis,
... Russia might mistake a launch of national missile defense (NMD) interceptors for that of offensive US missiles, but this is not an idle concern: In 1995, a scientific research rocket fired from Norway was detected by Russia’s early warning system and triggered a false alarm that traveled all the way up the chain ...
Tópico(s): International Relations and Foreign Policy
2001 - AIP Publishing | Physics Today
Kevin J. McCamey, Ronald A. Marko, Langton Garvin, Tamar Peli,
Present staring IR missile warning technology operates at thresholds that approach 1000 times noise equivalent irradiance (NEI) under stressing clutter conditions severely limiting the detection range. The detection thresholds must be lower for high probability of declaration, with a low false alarm rate, of low observable targets within high clutter environments. The DICE program includes three approaches for clutter rejection and improved signal to noise. One approach combines the clutter suppression ...
Tópico(s): Military
1996 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
... 1980 a faulty computer chip caused a false alarm that sent U.S. forces on alert against a Soviet attack. A complex SDI system would be far more vulnerable to such technical difficulties. While SDIs software component raises serious reservations about a ballistic missile defense system in general, other problems would surface even ...
Tópico(s): Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
1987 - Johns Hopkins University Press | SAIS Review
One way to improve the processing capability for high-speed mobile anti-ship missiles is to improve the target data tracking rate, so that the Fire Control System can obtain more target information, but the improvement of the data sampling rate will reduce the signal - to - noise ratio of single - step window measurement by the traditional maneuver detection algorithm. In this paper, a maneuver detection algorithm based on multi - step prediction is proposed. The algorithm uses the current measurement value ...
Tópico(s): Military
2018 - IOP Publishing | IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering
The central part of the article is devoted to the analysis of a “human factor” in the decision-making process based on the information presented by the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS). Having analyzed well-known cases of the U.S. and Soviet (Russian) BMEWS false alarms, the author comes to a conclusion that the role of a “human factor” in preventing fatal mistakes in decision-making process is most important. At the same time, the very existence of an early warning system has rather negative ...
Tópico(s): Radioactive contamination and transfer
2016 - Primakov National Research Institute | World Economy and International Relations
G. E. Forden, Павел Подвиг, Theodore A. Postol,
The radar and satellite networks meant to warn Russia of the imminence of a missile attack are breaking down, heightening the risk of accidental nuclear war. The authors discuss the reasons for the this which include ageing satellites and the floundering Russian economy. The authors discuss a false alarm in 1995 and how it highlighted the deficiencies in Russia's early warning system. The state of the satellites involved in early warning systems, both Russian and American, are discussed. The offer ...
Tópico(s): Nuclear Issues and
2000 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Spectrum
Firstly,a brief description on the menace of IR guided missile to airplanes is given in the paper. Secondly,airplane's countermeasures against IR guided missile and foreign techniques are introduced.Finally,the countermeasures of pre-alarm of missile attack,IR stealth of airplanes,IR decoy flare,IR smoke screen,IR jamming plane and laser anti-missile technology are elaborated,and their trend is expected.
Tópico(s): Optical
2006 - Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics | Infrared and Laser Engineering
MILITARY RESEARCHA new push to erect a ballistic missile shield is technologically more plausible than the 1980s Star Wars program, shunning ambitious technologies in favor of existing know-how. To skeptics, however, the effort remains futile and dangerous. They argue that any system deployed nationally could alarm adversaries that the United States could launch a first strike and then parry a counterattack, and that no matter how good, the system would be vulnerable to crude countermeasures such ...
Tópico(s): Military History and Strategy
1999 - American Association for the Advancement of Science | Science
To develop a lift early warning infrared device, as a part of land or boat (ship) early warning system, the system has the ability to target pre-discovery and instructions invasion. Methods: In support of distant air situation, alerts the enemy aircraft, missiles and other long-range goals, obtain the target type and preliminary judgment of grade, deliver the alarm information to the command system. The infrared alarm device detects the target's own infrared radiation passively, alarms the incoming ...
Tópico(s): Military
2012 - Trans Tech Publications | Advanced materials research
With the proliferation of diverse anti-tank guided missiles and top attack munitions, ground combat vehicles require the use of multispectral sensors. The issues that arise by adding sensors to these vehicles are the additional cost, size, weight, and power required. Even more critical is the ability of the sensor to provide timely, high-confidence, low-false alarm rate threat detection and classification information to the crew. Amidst a heavy signal clutter battlefield and multiple sensors aboard ...
Tópico(s): Military
1999 - Acoustical Society of America | The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Gerald J. Dobeck, J. Tory Cobb,
... Classification (Pc) and reduce the number of false alarms. Even though our experience has been gained in the area of sea mine detection and classification, the principles described herein are general and can be applied to fusion of any D/C problem (e.g., automated medical diagnosis or automatic target recognition for ballistic missile defense).
Tópico(s): Underwater Acoustics Research
2002 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
THE speech of Senator Jackson (Dem., Wash.) which is reprinted below is a most outspoken and eloquent expression of alarm felt over the Soviet progress in the development of missiles by those concerned with American military planning. The report of a committee, headed by Dr. Killian, president of M.I.T. (not released in full, but referred to in the press on December 10 by Hanson Baldwin) seems to have stirred Washington into acute realization of the necessity of speeding up American progress in this ...
Tópico(s): Nuclear Issues and
1956 - Taylor & Francis | Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
P. E. Cassady, Ronald N. Murata, Sean J. McKenna, M. J. Yoder, William E. Keicher, Philip M. Blumenau, Daniel H. Leslie, Douglas G. Youmans,
... to rapidly converge target track files for theater missile defense from an airborne sensor platform. This paper examines ...
Tópico(s): Optical
1995 - SPIE | Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE
... the use of DSP for detecting intermediate-range missiles, false alarms generated following the attempted assassination of President Reagan, ...
Tópico(s): Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
1999 - Association of College and Research Libraries | Choice Reviews Online
Anthony M. Barrett, Seth D. Baum, Kelly Hostetler,
... alarms, and the probabilities that leaders will launch missiles in response to a false alarm. The article discusses results, uncertainties, limitations, and policy ...
Tópico(s): International Relations and Foreign Policy
2013 - Taylor & Francis | Science and Global Security
Daniel Kleppner, Frederick K. Lamb, David E. Mosher,
... fusillade of interceptors as soon as a possible missile launch is “detected” would cause frequent false-alarm launches, waste dozens of interceptors, and make it possible for the attacker to exhaust the defensive system’s supply of interceptors by, for example, launching shorter-range missiles or other decoys before or while launching ICBMs. ... also considered a modern, see-to-the-ground missile detection and tracking system. Although cloud tops can extend to 10 km, their average height over land is 4.7 km. An enemy has no obligation to attack only when the weather is clear. At low altitudes, ICBMs would not have sufficient ground speed for the defense to separate them reliably from the background. After ...
Tópico(s): Rocket and propulsion
2004 - AIP Publishing | Physics Today
James L. Eubanks, Peter R. Killeen,
... the pilot's weapon-firing envelope for each missile system. Data collected were used to calculate hit rates and false-alarm rates in an application of the theory of ...
Tópico(s): Military
1983 - SAGE Publishing | Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
... a more integrated and regionally-networked air and missile defense architecture.37 According to experts view, integration of regional missile defense assets is advancing and will likely to become ... on an initiative called “The Middle East Air Defense” with the US Central Command and other countries in the region to counter drone, rocket, and cruise missile attacks by Iran and its proxies.42 Despite ...
Tópico(s): Islamic Studies and History
2023 - Wiley | The Muslim World
D. Renuka, K. Hema Chandra Reddy,
... set for online comparison thereby having less false alarm rate. The efficiency and performance of any missile warning system is validated with respect to its probability of declaration against the false alarm rate. Hence, to realize an efficient functioning of missile warning system, building IR background data base and ...
Tópico(s): Military
2013 - Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre | Defence Science Journal
... highlighting Soviet advances in technology for intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), Sputnik ignited public alarm in the United States, which was reinforced by ... with a major expansion of the U.S. defense budget and the Minuteman ICBM program, without acknowledging that his claims during the campaign had been false.44These developments helped set the stage for the Berlin crisis of 1961 and the Cuban missile crisis the following year. In Berlin, the central ...
Tópico(s): Historical Geopolitical and Social Dynamics
2022 - The MIT Press | Journal of Cold War Studies