By Peter, By Peter Wilson-Smith, Banking Correspondent, By Clifford Longley, Religious Affairs Correspondent, By Paul Routledge, Labour Editor, By Anthony Bevins, Political Correspondent, From Alan Hamilton, , By Bill Johnstone, Technology Correspondent, By Christopher Warman Property Correspondent, By Frances Gibb, Legal Affairs Correspondent, By Peter Evans, Home Affairs Correspondent, By Clifford Longley Religious Affairs Correspondent, By Alan Hamilton, By Staff Reporters, By David Young Energy Correspondent, By David Cross, By Geraldine Norman Sale Room Coespondent, By Kenneth Gosling, From Nicholas Ashford, From Charles Harrison, , From John Earle, From Ivor Davis, , From Keith Dalton, From Richard Owen, From Richard Owen, , From Douglas Tweedale, , From Rasit Gurdilek, From Michael Hornsby Gaborone, Botswana, From Michael Binyon, , Nicholas Kenyon, Stephen Pettitt, Michael Church, Dennis Hackett, Robert Page, Anthony Masters, David Wade, Simon Barnes, Richard Heller, Woodrow Wyatt, Caroline Akrill, ROBERTSON of OAKRIDGE, , J. K. LEGGETT, H. C. JENKYNS, N. Shackleton, BRIAN PLANT, , E. L. HAMBLYN, , PENELOPE RUDDLE, , DAMARIS H. JENKIN, , MICHAEL MARSHALL, , HOWARD HICKS, BAKER, PHILIP S. BAGWELL, , JAMES CABLE, G. B. H. WIGHTMAN, , PHUNTSOG WANGYAL, , MAVIS BROWN-HUMES, , MARGARET MARSHALL, , J. K. BRENNAND, , C. MARY NICHOLLS, , Emma Klein, By Pearce Wright, Science Editor, Sir James Cobban write:, Christian Lanzer writes:, Edited by Shona Crawford Poole, Philip Ray, Alex McWhirter, Jane MacQuitty, Ashley Stephenson, Tony Samstag, Stan Hey, B.D., Philip Howard, Kay Dick, P. H., Marcel Berlins, Anne Barnes, Judy Froshaug, Jeremy Flint, Harry Golombek, Peter Waymark, Christopher Warman, Max Harrison, By Derek Harris Commercial Editor, By Jonathan Davis, Financial Correspondent, By Our Financial Correspondent, By Alison Eadie, By Our Commercial Editor, By Our City Staff, By Derek Pain, Wayne Lintott, Margaret Drummond, edited by Lorna Bourke, Richard Thomson, Lorna Bourke, By Rex Bellamy, Tennis Correspondent, From Mitchell Platts, By David Hands Rugby Correspondent, By Pat Butcher, By Jenny MacArthur, From John Wilcockson Nantes, By Michael Stevenson, By Michael Seely, From Michael Scott, , By Mandarin (Michael Phillips), By Srikumar Sen, Boxing Correspondent, by Peter Dear, Peter Davalle, From Robert Fisk, , Trevor Fishlock,
... diplomacy, Stratford transmitter, Poor pickings from refuse tips, Broadcasting doubts, No legal change in marriage petition, The Dalai Lama, Water everywhere, And did those feet?, Omni-absent, Wheel and woe. Court and Social: Court ...
1984 - Gale Group | TDA
Mohsen FallahHoseini, Reza Rafeh,
... are centralized algorithms to broadcast message in wireless networks either by directional or omni-directional antennas. The problem of minimizing energy in broadcasting and multicasting is Non-polynomial-hard. In this ...
Tópico(s): Antenna Design and Optimization
2017 - Elsevier BV | Applied Soft Computing
Yilin Li, Jian Luo, Mario H. Castañeda García, Ronald Böhnke, Richard A. Stirling-Gallacher, Wen Xu, Giuseppe Caire,
... candidate technology for the next generation of cellular networks. Highly directional transmission is essential for the exploitation of mm-wave bands to compensate for high propagation loss. The directional transmission, nevertheless, necessitates a specific design for mm-wave initial cell discovery, as conventional omni-directional broadcasting may fail in delivering cell discovery information. To ...
Tópico(s): Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
2018 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Hugo Hernández, Christian Blum, Guillem Francès,
... the fundamental problems in ad-hoc networks is broadcasting. In this work we consider the so-called minimum energy broadcast (MEB) problem, which can be stated as a combinatorial optimization problem. We develop an ant colony optimization algorithm for two scenarios: networks in which nodes are equipped with omni-directional, respectively directional, antennas. The results show that ...
Tópico(s): Vehicular Ad Hoc
2008 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
A.,
... We exploit the usage of directional antennas to network coding-based broadcasting to further reduce energy consumption. A node equipped with directional antennas could divided the omni directional transmission range into several sectors and turns some of them on for transmission. In the proposed scheme using a directional antenna, forwarding nodes selected locally only need to transmit broadcast messages, original or coded, to restricted sectors. Results: Simulation results show that the proposed method maximizes packet delivery ratio and throughput with reduced packet drop. Conclusion: The proposed network coding based broadcasting method reduces the total number of retransmissions made ...
Tópico(s): Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant
2012 - Science Publications | Journal of Computer Science
S.V.M.G. Bavithiraja, Dr.R. Radhakrishnan,
... We exploit the usage of directional antennas to network coding-based broadcasting to further reduce energy consumption. A node equipped with directional antennas can divide the omni directional transmission range into several sectors and turns some of them on for transmission. In the proposed scheme using a directional antenna, forwarding nodes selected locally only need to transmit broadcast messages, original or coded, to restricted sectors. We also study two extensions. The first extension applies network coding to both dynamic and static forwarding node ...
Tópico(s): Wireless
2011 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | CiiT international journal of wireless communication
Li Lü, Meng Chen, Jiadi Yu, Zhongjie Ba, Feng Lin, Jinsong Han, Yanmin Zhu, Kui Ren,
Recent years have witnessed enormous research efforts on WiFi sensing to enable intelligent services of Internet of Things. However, due to the omni-directional broadcasting manner of WiFi signals, the activity semantic underlying the signals can be leaked to adversaries for surveillance, as demonstrated by our previous work. In this paper, we further extend the attack capability of ActListener to impersonation attack, which could eavesdrop on users' behavioral uniqueness imperceptibly using a WiFi ...
Tópico(s): Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption
2024 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking
... the network capacity and anti-jamming compared with omni-directional antenna for ad hoc networks. In this article, a novel MAC protocol called TDPA based on TDMA was presented for ad hoc networks with directional antenna. It improved the spatial reuse by adaptively selecting interference-free angle according to communicating nodes positions, and increased the network throughput and broadcasting efficiency by piggyback retransmission technique. Analysis and simulation ...
Tópico(s): Antenna Design and Analysis
2013 - Trans Tech Publications | Applied Mechanics and Materials
Toshihiko Sasama, Hiroshi Masuyama, Kazuya Murakami,
This paper addresses the problem of broadcasting (and multicasting) focusing on the two points of energy efficient networking and of time efficient computing, where all base stations are fixed and each base station operates as an omni-directional antenna. We developed one broadcasting algorithm based on the Stingy method and based on the above performances. We evaluate this and the other two algorithms based on the Greedy and Dijkstra methods.
Tópico(s): Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization
2008 - | Journal of Information Processing
Hiroshi Masuyama, Kazuya Murakami, Toshihiko Sasama,
... the study of broadcasting and multicasting problems, because networks have to be different as occasion demands. Therefore, several types of broadcasting or multicasting protocols have been studied. This paper addresses the problem of broadcasting (and multicasting) focusing on the two points of energy efficient networking and of time efficient computing, where all base stations are fixed and each base station operates as an omni-directional antenna or transceiver. We developed one broadcasting ...
Tópico(s): Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant
2005 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in computer science
Md. Noor‐A‐Rahim, G. G. Md. Nawaz Ali, Hieu Nguyen, Yong Liang Guan,
... overall delivery ratio is very poor when the broadcasting vehicle is not close enough to the intersection-center. To improve the overall broadcast performance of such scenarios, we employ a road side unit (RSU) at the intersection-center to relay the safety messages once. We show the performance improvement via relaying while first using omni-directional and then using special sector antennas, the ...
Tópico(s): Wireless
2018 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Access
Prateek Raj Gautam, Sunil Kumar, Akshay Verma, Arvind Kumar,
... as at the SBN. The SBN has an omni-directional antenna and a directional antenna (DA). DA ... BN The SBN needs two transmitting antennas, one omni-DA, and one DA. The omni-DA can vary its transmit power and DA ... of changing its direction in steps of , . The omni-DA transmits beacons with information to facilitate radial ... transmits two types of beacons, one from an omni-DA for radial distance estimation similar to RLA [ ... the DA for direction estimation. The SBN uses omni-DA to transmit a number of beacons each ...
Tópico(s): Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
2020 - Institution of Engineering and Technology | IET Communications
Liuhan Peng, Askar Hamdulla, Mao Ye, Shuai Li, Zengbin Wang, Xue Li,
... an omniscient network, which learns video spatiotemporal and omni-frequency information more effectively. The omniscient network consists ... Spatio-Temporal Feature Fusion (STFF) module and an Omni-Frequency Adaptive Enhancement (OFAE) block. The former aims ... propagated in a grid manner such that the omni-enhanced results can be applied. Extensive experiments show ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Vision and Imaging
2022 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting
... Iridium, Globalstar). Thuraya, Iridium and Globalstar use small omni-directional antennas; this and their comparatively small size ... other features. These systems are workhorses in mobile broadcasting, in emergency technical repairs, in disaster relief operations ...
Tópico(s): Spaceflight effects on biology
2006 - Elsevier BV | British Journal of Anaesthesia
Hirokazu Sawada, Hiroyuki Nakase, Kei Sato, Hiroshi Harada,
... of 6 - 7 ns can be achieved with omni antennas without complicated equalizers. Feasible advances in beam ...
Tópico(s): Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization
2009 - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
... robustness. The need for using CTS is achieving Omni-directional radiation pattern in the horizontal plane and reduction in reflection loss due to good input impedance. Coaxial CTS antenna are designed for operating frequency range 1 GHz to 20 GHz and their corresponding specific applications in S Band, C Band, X-Band and Ku Band (6 GHz in wireless power sensor and for 16 GHz in satellite broadcasting). This CTS antenna array technology is mainly suitable ...
Tópico(s): Antenna Design and Analysis
2012 - Elsevier BV | Procedia Engineering
Najim Abdallah Jazea, Hayam Abood Kadim, Adheed Hasan Sallomi,
... occupies 13% from the total covered area with omni profile, while this scheme is being missed with ...
Tópico(s): Telecommunications and
2020 - | Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development
... 210 Network detection systems, 144 Network functions, 294 Network-based IDS, 133 Non-cash payments, 112 programs and policies, 102 Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), 4 Null hypothesis, 34 OCB OMNI, 115 Occupy Wall Street movements, 168–169 Offerings, ...
Tópico(s): Energy, Environment, Economic Growth
2023 - Emerald Publishing Limited | Contemporary studies in economic and financial analysis
Kazuya Matsubayashi, Naobumi Michishita, Hisashi Morishita,
... 9%. The frequency band of digital terrestrial television broadcasting and the mobile communication systems (from 470 to 3600MHz) in Japan can be completely covered with VSWR ≤ 2. In addition, the radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are omni-directional. The proposed antenna is prototyped, and the ...
Tópico(s): Energy Harvesting in Wireless
2019 - Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers | IEICE Transactions on Electronics
Zhong Zhang, Qing Dong, Sen Wang, Shuang Liu, Baihua Xiao, T.S. Durrani,
... For example, Zhou et al. [32] introduce the Omni-Scale Network to learn the combination of feature ... and (b) the attention module. ⊙: pixel-wise multiplication. ⊕: broadcasting addition. ⊗: broadcasting multiplication. +: pixel-wise addition The proposed HAA contains ... z\oplus G(z)$ (11)where ⊕ denotes the broadcasting addition, that is, this operation first duplicates G( ... denotes the pixel-wise multiplication, ⊗ refers to the broadcasting multiplication, and + indicates the pixel-wise addition. In ... pixel-level operations such as pixel-wise multiplication, broadcasting multiplication and pixel-wise multiplication could lead to ...
Tópico(s): Gait Recognition and Analysis
2022 - Institution of Engineering and Technology | IET Computer Vision
Young-Seok Jeong, Hae-Sool Yang,
본 논문에서는 기존 DTV 커버리지 측정차량의 문제점을 해결하고 효율적으로 전파 음영지역을 찾아내기 위해 고정식 DTV전파측정차량의 기능을 포함하면서도 이동하며 전파수신현황 및 수신상태를 측정할 수 있는 다중 안테나 이동측정시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 모두 4개의 무지향성(omni-directional)안테나와 고정측정을 위한 1개의 지향성(directional)안테나를 포함하며, 공간 다이버시티(space diversity)를 활용하여 운용할 수 있도록 각각의 안테나마다 측정장비를 배치하고 각각의 측정값을 실시간으로 수집하고 처리한다. 제안된 시스템의 효용성을 보이기 위해 국내 수신 전파 환경을 3가지 유형으로 모델링하고 이들 지역에서 집중적인 측정을 실시하였다. 또한 측정 결과의 상세한 분석을 토대로 이동측정 및 고정측정간의 상관관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 특히 제안된 시스템의 적용을 위한 실험에는 방송사 현업 실무자들이 측정 및 결과 정리에 공동으로 참여하는 등 객관성을 확보하고자 ...
Tópico(s): Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization
2013 - The Korea Society of Digital Policy and Management | Journal of Digital Convergence
T. Rama Rao, S. Ramesh, D. Murugesan,
60 GHz radio channel propagation characteristics in a typical indoor environment are addressed in this paper using a simple deterministic 2-Dimensional model utilizing ray-tracing technique based on geometrical optics (GO) and image principle. Values of the received power, rms delay spread (DS) and power delay profile (PDP) for horn, omni-directional and isotropic antennas are presented.
Tópico(s): Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
2011 - Springer Science+Business Media | Communications in computer and information science
... algorithm that finds optimal solution for broadcast problems. Omni-directional antennas are capable of wide angle signal transmission. Compared with omni-directional antennas, its successor directional antennas have come ...
Tópico(s): Vehicular Ad Hoc
2013 - Cambridge University Press | International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies
Fumiya Kemmochi, Hiroyuki Otsuka,
... with those of non-sector picocell, i.e., omni picocell. We confirmed that a CSO of 36 ... and 1.8 times, respectively, compared with conventional “omni picocell”.
Tópico(s): Telecommunications and
2020 - | IEICE Communications Express
Rajesh Shirvastava, A. K. Shrivastava,
... or receive electromagnetic radiation. They can be isotropic, omni-directional or directional. An antenna is chosen for ... They are used in systems such as radio broadcasting, broadcast television, two-way radio, communication receivers, radar, ...
Tópico(s): Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction
2014 - | Recent Research in Science and Technology
... performance. And the implemented antenna has a good omni-directional radiation pattern characteristic.
Tópico(s): Internet of Things and Social
2006 - The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science | The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
Jeong Seon Yeom, Gosan Noh, Heesang Chung, Ilgyu Kim, Bang Chul Jung,
... average aggregate interference threshold has been analyzed with omni-directional and directional base stations (BSs) [7]. In [ ...
Tópico(s): Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization
2020 - Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute | ETRI Journal
Supachai Phaiboon, Pisit Phokharatkul,
... the frequencies of 28, 38 and 73 GHz. Omni directional propagation large-scale path loss measured data ...
Tópico(s): Telecommunications and
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Lecture notes in electrical engineering
Young-Woo Suh, Ho-Jin You, Min-Ho Park, Joon-Sung Park, Gyu-Young Kim, Jong‐Soo Seo,
... around Seoul-Gyeonggi Metropolitan area. Commercial directional and omni-directional antennas and 5th generation receiver were used ...
Tópico(s): Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling
2008 - | Journal of Broadcast Engineering
... Technical 940-941 Single CT2 Demo 10/92 Omni-Point Data Technical 902-928 Multiple CT2 7/ ...
Tópico(s): Telecommunications and
1992 - Elsevier BV | Telematics and Informatics