J Swanson, Sven Bergström, Kenneth E. Robbins, O Barrera, Dan Corwin, Michael Koomey,
Gonococci (Gc) exhibit pilus+----pilus- "phase transitions" at high frequency, but only some of the pilus- Gc can revert to pilus+ phenotype. We examined reversible phase transitions between pilus+ Gc and a particular pilus- variant (P-rp+ phenotype) whose pilin mRNA carries ... missense" pilin polypeptide. The results show that Gc pilus+ in equilibrium with P-rp+ transitions can result ... the expression locus' complete pilin gene. Hence Gc pilus phase variation, like pilus antigenic variation, can occur ...
Tópico(s): RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
1986 - Cell Press | Cell
Markus Hilleringmann, Philippe Ringler, Shirley A. Müller, Gabriella De Angelis, Rino Rappuoli, Ilaria Ferlenghi, Andreas Engel,
... structure. Here we describe the molecular architecture of pilus-1 of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is a major ... minor components (RrgA and RrgC) assemble into the pilus. Results from TEM and scanning transmission EM show ... only present at the opposite ends of the pilus shaft, compatible with their putative roles as adhesin ... direct experimental evidence that the native S. pneumoniae pilus shaft is composed exclusively of covalently linked monomeric ... C. diphtheriae, the conserved genetic requirements necessary for pilus formation include the pilin motif (WXXXVXVYPKN), the E- ...
Tópico(s): Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
2009 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
Yoan Konto‐Ghiorghi, Émilie Mairey, Adeline Mallet, Guillaume Duménil, Élise Caliot, Patrick Trieu‐Cuot, Shaynoor Dramsi,
... bacteria including S. agalactiae. We previously characterized the pilus-encoding operon gbs1479-1474 in strain NEM316. This pilus is composed of three structural subunit proteins: Gbs1478 ( ... fide pilin, is the major component; PilA, the pilus associated adhesin, and PilC, are both accessory proteins incorporated into the pilus backbone. We first addressed the role of the housekeeping sortase A in pilus biogenesis and showed that it is essential for the covalent anchoring of the pilus fiber to the peptidoglycan. We next aimed at ...
Tópico(s): Biochemical and Structural Characterization
2009 - Public Library of Science | PLoS Pathogens
Rob Striker, Françoise Jacob‐Dubuisson, Carl Freiden, Scott J. Hultgren,
The P pilus is a composite fiber consisting of a thin adhesive tip fibrillum joined to the pilus rod that mediates specific adherence of uropathogenic Escherichia ... uroepithelial cells via the PapG tip adhesin.P pilus assembly depends upon the periplasmic chaperone PapD.The interaction of PapD with different pilus subunits was investigated to gain further insight into pilus assembly.Pap& the major subunit of the pilus rod, formed two periplasmic complexes (DA, and DA) ... protein that joins the tip fibrillum to the pilus rod, formed only one complex with PapD (DK). ...
Tópico(s): Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
1994 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Masanobu Nakata, Thomas Köller, Karin Moritz, Deborah A. Ribardo, Ludwig Jonas, Kevin S. McIver, Tomoko Sumitomo, Yutaka Terao, Shigetada Kawabata, Andreas Podbielski, Bernd Kreikemeyer,
... human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus [GAS]) pilus components, suggested to play a role in pathogenesis, ... housekeeping sortase, SrtA's activity is involved in pilus formation in addition to its essentiality for GAS ... and biofilm formation. SrtC2 activity is crucial for pilus formation but dispensable for the other phenotypes tested in vitro. FctA is the major pilus backbone protein, simultaneously acting as the M49 T ... polymerization, respectively. Collagen-binding protein Cpa expression supports pilus formation at the pilus base. Immunofluorescence microscopy and ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal and Maternal Infections
2008 - American Society for Microbiology | Infection and Immunity
Rémi Fronzes, Han Remaut, Gabriel Waksman,
... CU pili, both the P and type 1 pilus subunits and assembly proteins are shown. * indicates (1) ... subunits in the tip fibrillum of the P pilus, whereas the equivalent subunit in the type 1 pilus system, FimF, is present in only one copy; ( ... the separate clades (Nuccio and Baumler, 2007). CU pilus morphology and structure CU-assembled organelles are formed ... unbranched polymers of several hundreds to thousands of pilus subunits, also called pilins, that range in size ... al, 2002). κ-Fimbrial systems contain 3–5 pilus subunit types, which assemble into thin flexible fibrillae ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
2008 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
Anjali Mandlik, Asis Das, Hung Ton‐That,
... the development of biofilms. Recent work revealed that pilus assembly is a biphasic process wherein pilus polymerization is catalyzed by a pilus-specific sortase followed by cell wall anchoring of the pilus that is promoted by the housekeeping sortase. Here, ... molecular genetic and biochemical studies of a heterotrimeric pilus in Corynebacterium diphtheriae, uncovering the molecular switch that terminates pilus polymerization in favor of cell wall anchoring. The prototype pilus contains a major pilin (SpaA) forming the shaft, ...
Tópico(s): Enzyme Production and Characterization
2008 - National Academy of Sciences | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Stefan Fälker, Aaron Nelson, Eva Morfeldt, Kristina Jonas, Kjell Hultenby, J. Ries, Öjar Melefors, Staffan Normark, Birgitta Henriques‐Normark,
Summary The rlrA genetic islet encodes an extracellular pilus in the Gram‐positive pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae . Of ... and rrgC encode ancillary pilin subunits decorating the pilus shaft and tip. Deletion of all three pilus‐associated sortase genes, srtB , srtC and srtD , completely prevents pilus biogenesis. Expression of srtB alone is sufficient to ... RrgB polymerization, and a srtD mutant assembles heterotrimeric pilus indistinguishable from wild type. Topological studies demonstrate that pilus antigens are localized to symmetric foci at the ...
Tópico(s): Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
2008 - Wiley | Molecular Microbiology
Masatoshi Okura, Makoto Osaki, Nahuel Fittipaldi, Marcelo Gottschalk, Tsutomu Sekizaki, Daisuke Takamatsu,
... pilin subunits whose assembly is mediated via a pilus-specific sortase(s). Major subunits constitute the pilus backbone and are therefore essential for pilus formation. Minor subunits are also incorporated into the pilus, but they are considered to be dispensable for ... The srtG cluster is one of the putative pilus gene clusters identified in the major swine pathogen ... that the srtG cluster mediates the expression of pilus-like structures in S. suis strain 89/1591. In this pilus, Sgp1 forms the backbone, whereas Sgp2 is incorporated ...
Tópico(s): Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
2010 - American Society for Microbiology | Journal of Bacteriology
Nadine S. Henderson, Tony W. Ng, Iehab Talukder, David G. Thanassi,
... that assembles adhesive fibres termed pili or fimbriae. Pilus biogenesis by the CU pathway requires a periplasmic ... subunit-subunit interactions to promote polymerization of the pilus fibre and provides the channel for fibre secretion. The mechanism by which the usher catalyses pilus assembly is not known. Using the P and type 1 pilus systems of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, we show that ... subunit complexes, but did not assemble PapG into pilus fibres. FimD disulphide loop and F4 mutants were ... bind chaperone-subunit complexes and initiate assembly of pilus fibres, but were defective for extending the pilus ...
Tópico(s): Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
2010 - Wiley | Molecular Microbiology
... present crystallographic snapshots of the bacterial type IV pilus retraction motor PilT and propose a general model for pilus retraction consistent with a growing consensus that secretion ... present crystallographic snapshots of the bacterial type IV pilus retraction motor PilT and propose a general model for pilus retraction consistent with a growing consensus that secretion ... type II secretion systems (T2SS), bacterial type IV pilus biogenesis, and the assembly of archaeal flagellae (Planet ... those of motor ATPases involved in type IV pilus assembly/retraction have remained elusive. In this issue ...
Tópico(s): Enzyme Structure and Function
2007 - Elsevier BV | Structure
Monica Moschioni, Gabriella De Angelis, Carole Harfouche, Esmeralda Bizzarri, Sara Filippini, Elena Mori, Giuseppe Mancuso, Francesco Doro, Michèle A. Barocchi, Paolo Ruggiero, Vega Masignani,
... a fusion protein of the three Streptococcus pneumoniae pilus-1 backbone RrgB variants, is protective in vivo against pilus islet 1 (PI-1) positive pneumococci. In addition, ... with antisera against glycoconjugate vaccines. In the pneumococcus, pilus-1 displays a biphasic expression pattern, with different ... phenotypes, one expressing and one not expressing the pilus-1. These two populations can be stably separated ... to the enriched high (H) and low (L) pilus expressing populations. In this work we demonstrate that: ( ...
Tópico(s): Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
2011 - Elsevier BV | Vaccine
Gabriella De Angelis, Monica Moschioni, Alessandro Muzzi, Alfredo Pezzicoli, Stefano Censini, Isabel Delany, Morena Lo Sapio, Antonia Sinisi, Claudio Donati, Vega Masignani, Michèle A. Barocchi,
The Streptococcus pneumoniae pilus-1 is encoded by pilus islet 1 (PI-1), which has three clonal variants (clade I, II and III) ... vitro and in vivo assays have demonstrated that pilus-1 is involved in attachment to epithelial cells ... mouse models of infection. Several reports suggest that pilus-1 expression is tightly regulated and involves the ... RlrA. In this report we provide evidence that pilus expression, when analyzed at the single-cell level ... sub-populations of bacteria, one that expresses the pilus, while the other does not. The proportions of ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
2011 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
Brooke A. Jude, Ronald K. Taylor,
The Vibrio cholerae toxin co-regulated pilus (TCP) is a type 4b pilus that mediates bacterial microcolony formation, which is essential for intestinal colonization. Structural analyses have defined a ... pilin subunit that is displayed repeatedly around the pilus filament surface and forms the molecular basis for pilus-pilus interactions required for microcolony formation. The physical attributes of this domain that lead to pilus-pilus association between bacteria are not known. Mutational analysis has revealed alterations within this domain that allow pilus-pilus interactions among pili expressed by individual bacteria, ...
Tópico(s): Escherichia coli research studies
2011 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Structural Biology
Alan Basset, Keith H. Turner, Elizabeth Boush, Sabina Sayeed, Simon L. Dove, Richard Malley,
ABSTRACT The pneumococcal type 1 pilus, which is present in 25 to 30% of clinical isolates, has been associated with increased adherence and inflammatory responses and is ... candidate. Here we show that expression of the pilus is bistable as a result of the molecular ... activator RrlA and a structural component of the pilus called RrgA. Sampling various clinical pneumococcal isolates that harbor the type 1 pilus-encoding islet, we show that distinct populations of ... can be identified with either undetectable or prominent pilus expression. When these two populations are separated and ...
Tópico(s): Influenza Virus Research Studies
2011 - American Society for Microbiology | Infection and Immunity
Arlene Swierczynski, Hung Ton‐That,
Multiple pilus gene clusters have been identified in several gram-positive bacterial genomes sequenced to date, including the Actinomycetales, ... corynebacteria. The genome of Corynebacterium diphtheriae contains three pilus gene clusters, two of which have been previously ... Here, we report the characterization of the third pilus encoded by the spaHIG cluster. By using electron ... biochemical analysis, we demonstrate that SpaH forms the pilus shaft, while SpaI decorates the structure and SpaG is largely located at the pilus tip. The assembly of the SpaHIG pilus requires ...
Tópico(s): Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
2006 - American Society for Microbiology | Journal of Bacteriology
Andrew H. Gaspar, Hung Ton‐That,
... pathogen with host tissues or infectious partners. Multiple pilus gene clusters potentially encoding different surface structures have ... Corynebacterium diphtheriae has been shown to assemble a pilus structure, with sortase SrtA essential for the assembly ... We report here the characterization of a second pilus consisting of SpaD, SpaE, and SpaF, of which SpaD and SpaE form the pilus shaft and SpaF may be located at the pilus tip. The structure of the SpaDEF pilus contains no SpaABC pilins as detected by immunoelectron ...
Tópico(s): Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
2006 - American Society for Microbiology | Journal of Bacteriology
Roberto Rosini, C. Daniela Rinaudo, Marco Soriani, Peter Lauer, Marirosa Mora, Domenico Maione, Annarita Taddei, Isabella Santi, Claudia Ghezzo, Cecilia Brettoni, Scilla Buccato, Immaculada Margarit, Guido Grandi, John L. Telford,
... have recently reported the presence of covalently linked pilus-like structures in the human pathogen, Group B Streptococcus (GBS). The pilus operon codes for three proteins which contain the ... show that both variant islands also code for pilus-like structures. Furthermore, we provide a thorough description ... in the assembly of the pili. For each pilus, polymerization of one of the three component proteins ... incorporation of the other two proteins into the pilus structure. In addition, two sortases are required for ...
Tópico(s): Neonatal and Maternal Infections
2006 - Wiley | Molecular Microbiology
Puja Kumari Sharma, Hem Lata, Deepak Kumar Arya, Arun Kumar, Hemant Kumar, Meenakshi Dua, Arif Ali, Atul Kumar Johri,
... origin (i.e. Ia, III, V, and VII). Pilus-proteins were commonly found up-regulated, and their ... by using antiserum for GBS80 (backbone protein of pilus island-I), GBS67 (ancillary protein of PI-2a), ... Western blot analysis. To check the role of pilus proteins in adherence and invasion, an inhibition assay ... GBS VII invasion and adherence was inhibited by pilus protein-specific antiserum SAN1518 significantly (p < 0.001) ... We found that mutant strains, deficient in the pilus proteins (Δgbs80 and Δsan1518) exhibit a significant decrease ...
Tópico(s): Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
2012 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Alan Basset, Fan Zhang, Cyril H. Benes, Sabina Sayeed, Muriel Herd, Claudette M. Thompson, Douglas T. Golenbock, Andrew Camilli, Richard Malley,
The pneumococcal type 1 pilus is an inflammatory and adherence-promoting structure associated with increased virulence in mouse models. We show that RrgA, an ancillary pilus subunit devoid of a lipidation motif, particularly when ... Thus, we conclude that the type 1 pneumococcal pilus can activate cells via TLR2, and the ancillary pilus subunit RrgA is a key component of this activation.Background: The pneumococcal pilus is associated with increased inflammation.Results: A 49-amino acid region of the pilus protein RrgA activates TLR2 and is associated with ...
Tópico(s): Respiratory viral infections research
2012 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Richard F. Collins, Stephan A. Frye, Seetha V. Balasingham, Robert C. Ford, Tone Tønjum, Jeremy P. Derrick,
... and competence for DNA uptake. The type IV pilus is a helical polymer of pilin protein subunits ... outer membrane secretin PilQ and the type IV pilus fiber can be detected by far-Western analysis ... was uniquely located at one end of the pilus fiber, effectively forming a "mallet-type" structure. Determination ... three-dimensional structure of the PilQ-type IV pilus complex at 26-Å resolution showed that the ... 12-Å resolution indicated that binding of the pilus fiber induced a dissociation of the "cap" feature ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
2005 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Qing Yuan, Anna Carle, Chan Gao, Durga Sivanesan, Khaled A. Aly, Christoph Höppner, Lilian Krall, Natalie Domke, Christian Baron,
... variant stabilized VirB3 and VirB8 and enabled T-pilus formation. Analysis of VirB protein complexes extracted from ... depended on VirB4, which identified a novel T-pilus assembly step. Bicistron expression demonstrated direct interaction of ... variant stabilized VirB3 and VirB8 and enabled T-pilus formation. Analysis of VirB protein complexes extracted from ... depended on VirB4, which identified a novel T-pilus assembly step. Bicistron expression demonstrated direct interaction of ... Scholar). The third group comprises the major T-pilus component VirB2, the minor component VirB5, and the ...
Tópico(s): Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
2005 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Nadine S. Henderson, Stephane Shu Kin So, Cheryl Martin, Ritwij Kulkarni, David G. Thanassi,
... P pili are composite structures built from multiple pilus subunits (14Bullitt E. Makowski L. Nature. 1995; 373: ... Google Scholar). The PapG adhesin, located at the pilus tip, binds to Galα(1–4)Gal moieties ... 1: 223-231Crossref PubMed Scopus (159) Google Scholar). Pilus subunits cross the inner membrane in an unfolded ... to the PapC usher in the OM for pilus biogenesis. The usher serves as a pilus assembly platform as well as a secretion channel ( ... 220: 334-338Crossref PubMed Scopus (80) Google Scholar). Pilus assembly is thought to occur at the periplasmic ...
Tópico(s): Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
2004 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Nathalie Sauvonnet, G Vignon, Anthony P. Pugsley, Pierre Gounon,
Article15 May 2000free access Pilus formation and protein secretion by the same machinery in Escherichia coli Nathalie Sauvonnet Nathalie Sauvonnet Present address: Microbial Pathogenesis Unit, ... The secreton (type II secretion) and type IV pilus biogenesis branches of the general secretory pathway in ... Escherichia coli, one pseudopilin, PulG, was assembled into pilus-like bundles. Assembly of the 'secreton pilus' required most but not all of the secreton ... PulG is probably the major component of the pilus. Expression of a type IV pilin gene, the ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
2000 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
... and biogenesis component PilQ and the twitching motility/pilus retraction protein PilT. This finding is the first ... of PilT as a conditional antagonist of stable pilus fiber formation. These findings have important implications for ... to form the central helical core of the pilus filament (Parge et al., 1995). Further evidence for ... to the expression of the PulG pseudopilin as pilus-like bundles, while low-level secreton expression was ... phenotype defined by the lack of expression of pilus filaments. An analogous situation occurs in the type ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
2000 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
Article15 June 2000free access Type 1 pilus-mediated bacterial invasion of bladder epithelial cells Juan J. Martinez Juan J. Martinez Department of Molecular Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Box 8230, ... pili. We have determined that the type 1 pilus adhesin, FimH, mediates not only bacterial adherence, but ... epithelial cells. In contrast, adherence mediated by another pilus adhesin, PapG, did not initiate bacterial internalization. FimH- ... vinculin were found to correlate with type 1 pilus-mediated bacterial invasion. Inhibitors that prevented bacterial invasion ...
Tópico(s): Escherichia coli research studies
2000 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
Devaki Bhaya, Nicole R. Bianco, Donald A. Bryant, Arthur Grossman,
... type IV pilins. To elucidate further type IV pilus‐dependent motility, we inactivated key genes implicated in pilus biogenesis and function. Wild‐type Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 cells have two morphologically distinct pilus types (thick and thin pili). Of these, the thick pilus morphotype, absent in a mutant disrupted for the ... appears to be required for motility. The thin pilus morphotype does not appear to be altered in ... peptidase) or pilC (encoding a protein required for pilus assembly) abolishes cell motility, and both pilus morphotypes ...
Tópico(s): Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
2000 - Wiley | Molecular Microbiology
... Identification and cell cycle control of a novel pilus system in Caulobacter crescentus Jeffrey M. Skerker Jeffrey ... to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyWechatReddit Figures & Info Pilus assembly in Caulobacter crescentus occurs during a short ... This gene cluster encodes a novel group of pilus assembly proteins. We have shown that the pilA ... plays an important role in the timing of pilus assembly. pilA transcription is regulated by the global ... providing a direct link between assembly of the pilus organelle and bacterial cell cycle control. Introduction Pili ...
Tópico(s): Biochemical and Structural Characterization
2000 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
Marisol Figueira, Monica Moschioni, Gabriella De Angelis, Michèle A. Barocchi, Vishakha Sabharwal, Vega Masignani, Stephen I. Pelton,
The pneumococcal Pilus-1 enhances attachment to epithelial cells in the respiratory tract and subsequent invasion. Pilus-1 expression is bi-stable and positively regulated ... RlrA transcriptional regulator. To delineate the role of pilus-1 in Experimental Otitis Media (EOM), we evaluated ... strain (Taiwan19F-14 wt) and its otherwise isogenic pilus-1 and pilus-2 deficient mutant (Taiwan19F-14 ΔPI-1/PI- ... challenged with either Taiwan19F-14 wt or a Pilus-1 over-expressing mutant [Taiwan19F-14+pMU1328_Pc-rlrA mutant; E resistant (R)] strain. Pilus-1 expression was analyzed in SP isolated from ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
2014 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
Anne‐Flore Imhaus, Guillaume Duménil,
... pilins, PilV and PilX, are displayed along the pilus structure and play a direct role in mediating ... located in the bacterial periplasm rather than along pilus fibers. Furthermore, preventing exit of these proteins from ... surface indicating a role in the initiation of pilus biogenesis. By finely regulating the expression of a ... for the periplasm rather than inserted in the pilus fiber. Inactivation of the pilV and pilX genes leads to altered pilus biogenesis resulting in a mild decrease in the ... central challenge and requires a better understanding of pilus biogenesis. Genetic screens have revealed that building a ...
Tópico(s): Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
2014 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal