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... Entertainments Pain Threshold John Travolta's Latest, the Punisher, Will Hurt Him More than It Hurts us. ...
2004 - Gale Group | TDA
Nichola Raihani, Alex Thornton, Redouan Bshary,
... of aggression) involves immediate payoff reductions to both punisher and target, with net benefits to punishers contingent on cheats behaving more cooperatively in future ... of aggression) involves immediate payoff reductions to both punisher and target, with net benefits to punishers contingent on cheats behaving more cooperatively in future ... 20) Google Scholar, 10Raihani N.J. et al.Punishers benefit from third-party punishment in fish.Science. ... harm a cheating partner. In doing so, the punisher reduces the payoffs of the cheat and thereby ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
2012 - Elsevier BV | Trends in Ecology & Evolution
Andrew Robson, Janice Turner, Peter Brookes, Christina Hardyment, Stephen Fry, John McNamara, Jon Ashworth, Megan Mason, Stella Shamoon, Richard Whitehead, Robert Cole, Anna Jamieson, Harvey Nichols, Benedict Cottrell Boyce, PH, Adam Sherwin Media Reporter, Ian Nathan, Dr Thomas Stuttaford and Suzi Godson, Frances Gibb Legal Editor, Alexandra Blair, Tim De Lisle, Peter Lansley, Malanie Goose Editor, Boris Johnson, Chris Tarrant, Robert Thicknesse, A. J. Baker, Colin Moule, Paul Hoggart, David Powell Athietics Correspondent, Anita James, Andrew Healey, John Mulvey, Dominic Walker, Bob Geldof, Clare Lazaro, Michael Evans Defence Editor, Matt Wolf, Rowan Pelling, Philip Howard, Richard Beard, Hannah Betts, Hilary Finch, Carol Midgley, Charlotte Wilding, Milton Wainwright, Christine Seib, Joanna Bale, Stewart Tondler Crime Correspondent, James Bone, P. Walton, Nic Hopkins, Rachel Campbell-Johnston, Michael Bracewell, Clive Davis, Alexandra Frean Social Affairs Correspondent, Richard Hobson One-Day Cricket Correspondent, Athene, Elizabeth Judge, Gabrielle Starkey, Carl Mortished, Ronald Harwood, Jane Taylor-Hayhurst, K. J. Barker, Wendy Ide, James Hider, John Bungey, Francesca Gavin, Kevin Eason, Geoff Brown, Chris Sullivan, Giles Coren, Andrew Norfolk, Selfridges, Alastair Campbell, Grainne Gilmore and Christine Seib, Antonia Senior, David Wooley, Ben Webster Transport Correspondent, Mark Griffiths, Nancy Durrant, Valerie Elliott Countryside Editor, David McVay, John Clarke, Philip Webster and Tom Baldwin, Vinny Lee, Steve Keenan, Sam Llewellyn, Peter Cobb, Dave Robinson, Ruth Gledhill, Trevor Baylis, Russell Kempson and Oliver Kay, James Doran Wall Street Correspondent, Debra Craine, Giles Whittell and Ruth Gledhill, Simon Gray, Lawrence Dallaglio and Oliver Sweeney, Grainne Gilmore, Daniel Finkelstein, Dr Jane Collins, Angela Jameson Industrial Correspondent, Ruth Gledhill Religion Correspondent, Dalya Alberge Arts Correspondent, Maggi Hambling, Jane Clarke, Peter Ackroyd, Jo Morris, Ian Hewdett, Simon Cowell, Nicholas Roe, Alyson Rudd Steers You through the Sporting Weekend, Brian Wilson, Caitlin Moran, Gerry Hanson, Ian Belcher, Sorrel Downer, Valerie Elliott Consumer Editor, Roland Watson, Tina Gaudoin, Leo Lewls, Denis J. Ross, Alan M. Calverd, Stefanie Marsh, Greg Hurst, Genevieve Fox, Tim Teeman, Ruth Gledhill and Glles Whittell, Arwa Haider, Kate Muir, Rick Gekoski, Robert Burrow, JJ, Peter Paphides, Nigel Williamson, Daniel McGrory, Ed Potton, Gary Duncan Economics Editor, Oliver Kay, Carola Long, Stephen Anderton, Gavin Bell, James Hopkins, Amber Cowan, Melanie Ricky, David Lister, Mark Atherton, Lisa Armstrong, John Westerby, Roger Justice, Lisa Grainger, Patrick Hosking Investment Editor, Stevie Chick, Sarah Vine, Mark Henderson Science Correspondent, Sam Coates, Chris Power, Nigel Willamson, James Collard boards, Simon de Bruxelles, Rob Wright, Brigitte Lacombe, Susan Greenfield, Magnus Grimond, Edward Young, John Westernby and David Hands, Sarah Turner, Stuart Miles, Benjamin Fry, Lisa Stansfield, Fabio Annecchiarico, Lorraine Candy, Henry Osmaston, Raymond Keene, Lucia Adams, Adam Sage, David POWELL-Evans, Suzi Godson, Matthew Pryor, Sean MacAulay, Richard Springate, Joe Jackson, Domald MacEltlivray, Tom Baidwin and Philip Webster, David Hockney, Xan Rice, Jeremy Page, Robery Thicknesse, John Hayward, Chris Campling, Isabel Fonseca, Patrick Hosking, Helen Nugent, Richard Owen, Shane Warne, Julie Myerson, Alex Hawkes, Mick Hume, M. 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Spencer, Francois Halard, Mark Harrison, Owen Slot, Tony Kelly, Kim Newman, Jenny Davey, S. Barnard, Garry Jenkins, Peter Klinger, Stephen Applebaum, Patience Wheatcroft, Joe Bolger, Christopher Irvine, James Goldman, Susan Emmett, Felix Dennis,
... Yun Shik On selected release, in Korean The Punisher (18) Director: Jonathan Hensleight, US, 124min Stars: Thomas ...
2004 - Gale Group | TDA
... can be a type-separating signal of the punisher's cooperative intent. As a result, punishers are selected more often as interaction partners in ... game is a sign of trustworthiness and whether punishers are more trustworthy interaction partners in a trust game than non-punishers. We distinguish between second-party and third-party ... generosity as signs of trustworthiness. We find that punishers are not more trustworthy than non-punishers and that punishers are not trusted more than non-punishers, both ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
2015 - Elsevier BV | Evolution and Human Behavior
Cat Stevens, Waldemar Januszczak, Colin Drury, Lousie Armitstead, O B K, Sally Brock, Professor Gideon Garter, Chris Lane, Gareth Walsh, George Dearsley, Paul Cleary, Colin Richardson, Matthew Davis, Hallé Orchestra, Ferdinand Mount, Dennis Pallis, Samara Ginsberg, Neil Wormald, Duncan Sprott, Martin James, Rosie Millard, Bridget Harrison, David Hewson, Hugh Canning, Ryan Gilbey, Sarah Dempster, Bob Delamare, Holly Watt, Adricenne Connors, Adam Nathan Defence Correspondent, Nicholas Hellen, Lisa Ritchie, Roger Giles, Shelley Von Strunckel, Christopher Morgan, Bert Wright, Alicia Wyllie, Blower, David Masey, Kate Saunders, Robbie Hudson, Emma Smith, William Georgiades, Uzi Mahnaimi, Michael Wright, Christi Daugherty, Nick Rennison, Colin McDOWELL, John Elliott, Maurice Chittenden, Richard Brooks Arts Editor, Virginia Rounding, Bernard Marsh, James Cracknell, D R Shaw, Matthew Campbell, John Carey, Will Fulford-Jones, Jacqui Goddard, Mary Braid, Peter Schmeichel, Humphrey' Carpenter, Simon Buckland, Tony Pascoe, J P, Graham Norwood, Christopher Higgins, David Budworth, William Lewis Business editor, Mike Hammond, Susannah Price, Sarah Baxter, John Bennett, Jason Dawe, Sian Griffiths, Jonathan Northcroft, Hala Jaber, Matthew Wall, Lucas Hollweg, Felice Hardy, Peter Whittle, Gabriel Jaffé, Colin Brennan, Dan Calrns, Andrew Longmore, Lesley White, Lucy Hughes-Hallett, L Ancell, Steven Poole, Richard Green, E P, Andrew Sullivan, Clive Davis, Richard Strand, Ian Hawkey European Football Correspondent, Charles Rangeley-Wilson, Michael Haslam, Geraldine Hackett, T Henry Shanks, Graham Duffill, Victoria Segal, Edward Porter, Fatima Whitbread, Adrian Turpin, Dave Pollard, Michael Jones, J G, Patrick Maxwell, Adam Nathan, Tony Blair, Andrew Porter Deputy Political Editor, Brendan Bourne, Peter Parker, Rev Andrew de Berry, Paul Donovan, Hugh McIlvanney, Simon Fanshawe, John Follain, Richard Brooks, Julie Earle-Levine, Michael Depp, Phil Barker, David Leppard, Geoffrey Fielding, Norman Sherry, Sue Lovett, Jon Latimer, Lois Rogers, David Cracknell, Katrina Manson, Diana Wright, Alice Douglas, Robbie Burns, Barry Flatman, Natalie Graham, David Walsh, Sarah Keenlyside, Stephen Armstrong, Mark Anstead, N R, Simon Coppock, Sir Chris Bonington, Ray Hutton, John Crossland, Martin O'neill, Donald Trump, M B, Angus McCrone, Daniel Emery, Nigel Powell, Mark Lewis-Francis, Michael Cockerell, Brian Doogan, Ben Dowell, John Aizlewood, Jeremy Lazell, Jonathan Futrell, Hugh Pearman, Neil MacLean, Rachel De Thame, Sir Jeremy Beecham, Simon Wilde Cricket Correspondent, Richard Lewis, Hugh Canaing, Helen Stewart, John Dugdale, Barbara Hall, Sarah Stanford, Edward Owen, Charlotte Packer, Paul Lamarra, Jon Swain, Nicholas Rufford, Rob Hughes, John Peter, Simon Hacker, Jane Mulkerrins, Susan d'Arcy, Ivo Tennant, David Gower, Matt Wolf, David Smith, Tim Richards, Philippe Cometti, David Cracknell Political Editor, Suna Erdem, Miss Joss Stone, Nick Pitt, Stephen Grey, 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Jonathan Leake Science Editor, Jessica Bown, Sally Kinnes, Naomi Caine, Minette Marrin, Andrew Davidson, Pete Oliver, Anthony Garrett, Hugh Bradley, Emma Sanchez, India Knight, Jon Bennett, Nick Faldo, Christi Daughterty,
... 138 mins Switchblade Romance 18,85 mins The Punisher 18,124 mins Spivs 15,91 mins Zhang ...
2004 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
Nichola Raihani, Redouan Bshary,
•Punishment can evolve via reputation benefits to the punisher but the reputation consequences of punishment are unclear. •We argue that punishers could gain a competitive or a cooperative reputation, depending on the circumstances. •Punishers benefit from a competitive reputation in forced play ... competitive motives underpinning punishment can be ruled out, punishers may be perceived in the same way as ... below). Punishment is described as altruistic because the punisher pays the cost of punishment while any benefits ...
Tópico(s): Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
2015 - Elsevier BV | Trends in Ecology & Evolution
Keith McCloske, Sally Brock, Gareth Walsh, Louise Southern, Matthew Davis, Barry Kane, Neil Wormald, Joseph Dunn, Martin James, Anthony Sattin, Ann Smalley, Jeremy Seal, Rosie Millard, B J Fernie, David Hewson, Hugh Canning, Robin Bernstein, Sarah Dempster, David Smith Economic Editor, Dave Lees, Linda Iley, Giles Hattersley, Nicholas Hellen, Caroline Scott, Shelley Von Strunckel, Christopher Morgan, David Morgan, Blower, Peter O'reilly, Mike Mogano, Matt Partridge Director, Lawrence Booth, Emma Smith, Xan Rice, Uzi Mahnaimi, Michael Wright, Lucy Atkins, Peter Kelliner, Spindle, Nick Rennison, Helen Brown, Talib Choudhry, Bryan Appleyard, John Elliott, Maurice Chittenden, Bruce Hobson, Richard Brooks Arts Editor, John Ungoed-Thomas, Daniel Mitchell, Sophie Kirkham, Matt Miller, Oliver Chastney, Alex Pell, Matthew Campbell, Nick Fielding, Rob Green, Peter Schmeichel, Graham Norwood, David Budworth, William Lewis Business editor, Marcia MacLeod, Dorothea Cooper, Sarah Baxter, Mary Keenan, Nicholas Kenyon, Kate Spicer, Jason Dawe, Sian Griffiths, Jonathan Northcroft, Hala Jaber, John Smith, N J, Jim Munro, Peter Whittle, Gregor White, William Lewis Business Editor, Phil Fairless, Lesley White, Andrew Longmore, Caroline Brannigan, Paul Marinko, Richard Green, E P, Andrew Sullivan, Clive Davis, Joe Lauria, Garry Brogden, Stuart Barnes, Geoff Williams, Peter Jones, Cally Law, Richard Etteridge, Jason Bell, Victoria Segal, Edward Porter, Richard Lennon, Fergus Garrett, Dave Pollard, Professor Gidson Garter, Rita Gardner, Andrew Porter Deputy Political Editor, Robin Scott-Elliot, Christopher Silvester, Peta Oliver, Paul Donovan, Mark Espiner, Hugh McIlvanney, Steve Boyd, David Mitchell, John Follain, Richard Brooks, Stuart Andrews, David Leppard, Geoff Viner, Tim Rayment, Ian Hare, Mark Hadson, Gareth Huw Davies, David Cracknell, Sue Jones, Diana Wright, Alice Douglas, Waldemar Janusczozak, Barry Flatman, Matthew Levine, Clifford Coonan, Natalie Graham, Caroline Gascoigne, Mark Lewis, James Thompson, Stephen Armstrong, Bethan Cole, Richard Woods, Julie Norman, Matte Legge, Michael Smith, A A Gill, Muhammad Moosan, Steve Fossett, Daniel Emery, Nigel Powell, Brian Doogan, John Cornwell, Jonathan Futrell, Michael Burgess, Hugh Pearman, Julian Ryall, Tom Deveson, Fleur Britten, Helen Stewart, John Dugdale, William Kay, Patrick French, Barbara Hall, Jeff Dawson, Jon Swain, Rob Hughes, John Peter, Matt Legge, Dr John Etherington, Matt Wolf, David Smith, Tim Richards, David Cracknell Political Editor, Nick Pitt, Jamie Bevan, David Harspool, Don Pettingale, Phil Morgan, Ren Clarke, Adrian Furnham, John Arlidge, David Jacks, Anthony Phillips, Dan Boble, Keith Knowles, Stewart Lee, Ian Botham, Jonathan Shine, Michael Portillo, Patricia Nicol, Jane Molloy, Christine Toomey, Brian Yates, Petra Jean Phillipson, Phil Caplan, Chris Woodhead, Stephanie Savill, Iain Miller, Mark Edwards, Rachel Bridge, Susan Clark, Jonathan Carr-Brown Health Correspondent, Raymond Keene, Zoe Brennan, Hilary Clark, Stephen Jones, Louise Armitstead, Andrew Bishop, Bruce Hooker, Rob Ryan, Don Westman, Victoria O'brien, Roland White, Danny Roth, Richard Rae, Mark Franchetti, Judy Astley, Ian Clarke, Dipesh Gadher, John Waples, Jeremy Hart, Ros Dodd, Colin Livingstone, Pam Barret, Simon Jenkins, Stephen Pettitt, Mark Hodson, Barrie Smith, Andrew Frankel, Joe Lovejoy, Olivia Newton-John, Dan Cairns, Germaine Greer, David Smith Economics Editor, Chris Feetenby, Simon Howard, Dominic Rushe, Karen Robinson, Elizabeth Wagstaff founder of Robinia Care, Helena Frith Powell, Helen Davies, Robin Eggar, Frank Whitford, Kathryn Cooper, William Lewis, Paul Cotton, P D, Martin Brundle, Adam Lively, Eddie Colman, Neeraj Mathad, Simon Wilde, Gemma Scott-Martin, Robert Winnett, Duncan Farmer, Irwin Stelzer, Peter Wilson, Mathew Barratt, David Dougill, Paul Forsyth, Geraldine Hackett Education Correspondent, Jeremy Clarkson, David Cairns, Ray Ayers, Nick Middleton, Christopher Price, Greg Struthers, Sam Murphy, Lydia Slater, Peter Treen, Alex Harlock, Beverley D'Silva, Roger Eglin, David Jones, Steve Jepson, Jasper Gerard, Derek Clements, Paul Driver, Ian Hawkey, Paul Durman, Clive, Mike Simpson, Phil Baker, Christina Lamb, Rod Liddle, Douglas Alexander, Cosmo Landesman, Nick Pity, Dominic O'Connell, Andrew Holgate, Adrienne Connors, Caroline Donald, Pamela Mason, Nabila Ahmed, Miranda Seymour, Ian Critchley, Tim Bradshaw, Shane Watson, Ciara Nugent, Jonathan Leake, D J Taylor, Amanda Craig, Clare Francis, John Harlow, Mark Kleinman, Michael Edwards, Peter Butler, Deirdre Fernand, Claudia Croft, Sally Kinnes, William Simons, David Wickers, Minette Marrin, Rhianna Prachett, Andrew Davidson, John McMullen, Mark Hollingsworth, Matt Roberts, Janie Omorogbe, Joanna Simon, Matthew Goodman, India Knight,
... Direct Action PC, £34.99; ages 16+ The Punisher PC, £34.99, Ps2, Xbox, £39.99; ages ...
2005 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
Mohammed Rabiul Hosen, Qian Li, Yang Liu, Andreas Zietzer, Katharina Maus, Philip Roger Goody, Shizuka Uchida, Eicke Latz, Nikos Werner, Georg Nickenig, Felix Jansen,
... without (n = 30) CAD were used to quantify PUNISHER (also known as AGAP2-antisense RNA 1 [AS1]), GAS5, MALAT1, and H19 RNA levels.PUNISHER (p = 0.002) and GAS5 (p = 0.02) ... real-time PCR of sEVs demonstrated that functional PUNISHER was transported into the recipient cells.Mechanistically, the ... protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), interacts with PUNISHER, regulating its loading into sEVs.Knockdown of PUNISHER abrogated the EV-mediated effects on endothelial cell ( ... Protein stability and RNA immunoprecipitation indicated that the PUNISHER-hnRNPK axis regulates the stability and binding of ...
Tópico(s): Circular RNAs in diseases
2021 - Cell Press | Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids
Gráinne Gilmore, Andrew Robson, Amanda Andrews, Julie Daniels, Mikhail Gorbachev, Brian Howes, David Adams, Robert Dawson Scott, Andrew Billen, Alexandra Frean, Greg Hurst Political Correspondent, Amanda Ursell, Eric Wolstenholme, J. J. Goldstein, Ashling O'Connor Olympics Correspondent, Robert Lindsay, Professor Brian Rofe, Freng, Mark Souster, Martin Bell, Ivo Tennant, Alexandra Frean Education Editor, Shaun Mellor, Philip Howard, Carol Midgley, Patrick Hosking Business commentary, Helen Kaut, Nick Van Der Bijl Chairman, Christine Seib, David Chater, Anthony J. Cotton, Ben Hoyle Arts Reporter, James Bone, James Ducker, Rosalind Renshaw, Carl Mortished, Patrick Kidd, Will Pavia, Patrick Hosking Business Commentary, Kevin Eason, Geoff Brown, Lucy Bannerman, Martin Samuel Chief Football Correspondent, Joe Joseph, Peter Jennings, Ben Webster Transport Correspondent, Valerie Elliott, Hannah Fletcher, Lewis Smith Science Reporter, Siobhan Kennedy, Dominic Walsh, Tom Bawden, Debra Craine, Gary Jacob, Margot Marrone, Tim Reid, Daniel Finkelstein, Chris Riley, Richard Ford Home Correspondent, David Sharrock Ireland Correspondent, John Earle, Charles Bremner, Jim Murphy, MP Minister, David Charter, Susan Thompson, Tim Teeman, Hugo Rifkind, Derwent May, John Burton, Christopher Jones, Hugh Peate, Graham Spiers, Oliver Kay, Ross Clark, Sarah Vine, Lisa Armstrong, Tom Baldwin, James Rossiter, Jill Sherman Whitehall Editor, Sam Coates, John Hopkins, Christopher Martin-Jenkins, Pete Paphides, Ann Treneman, Simon de Bruxelles, Rob Wright, Neil Harman Tennis Correspondent, Martin Samuel, Robin Jackson, Raymond Keene, Matthew Pryor, Alan Sharimpton, Matt Hughes, Kaveh Solhekol, Jeremy Page, Chris Campling, Bronwen Maddox, Christopher Martin-Jenkins Chief Cricket Correspondent, Simon Tizard, Damian Whitworth, Roger Boyes, Francesca Steele, Justin King, Nick Hasell, Raymond Gross, David Hands Rugby Correspondent, Tom Dart, Tony Cascarino, Paul Simons, Nick Szczepanik, Joanna Pitman, Dearbáil Jordan, Mary Ann Sieghart, Jonathan Clayton, Philip Webster Political Editor, Sam Coates Chief Political Correspondent, Steve Hawkes, Keith Parkinson, Thomas Catán, George Caulkin, Sonia Verma, Russell Jenkins, Caitlin Moran, Peter Riddell, Neil Fisher Classical and Opera Editor, Michael Phillips, Rajeev Syal, Philip Webster, David Sinclair, Lewis Stuart, Martin Waller, Lewis Smith Environment Reporter, Patrick Foster, Nigel Hawkes Health Editor, Ashling O'Connor, Benedict Nightingale, Lydia Hislop, Rick Broadbent Athletics Correspondent, Stephen Dalton, Nicola Woolcock, Bill Edgar, Martin Frizell, Richard Morrison, Alan Lee Racing Correspondent, Olav Bjortomt, Patrick Phillips QC, Jacqueline Gold, Nicola Copping, David Robertson, Richard Ford, Virginia Matthews,
... No Return (1954) Channel 4,1.15pm The Punisher (2004) Five, 10pm Strayed (2003) Sky Arts, 10pm ...
2008 - Gale Group | TDA
Rui Cong, Qianchuan Zhao, Kun Li, Long Wang,
... plays. However, as higher-order cooperators, survival of punishers is puzzling due to their extra cost in ... mobility in promoting cooperation. Yet its effect on punishers remains to be explored. In this work we incorporate this feature into modeling the behavior of punishers, who are endowed with a choice between leaving ... defectors. Results indicate that optimal mobility level of punishers is closely related to the cost of punishing. ... tendency of migration which favors the survival of punishers. This holds for both the direct competition between ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
2017 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Jeremy Andrews, Frances Gibb, Legal Affairs Correspondent, Sarah Edworthy, George Galloway, Nick Nuttall, Nicholas Wood, Political Correspondent, Patricia Davies, Stephen Leather, Pearce Wright, Neil Bennett, Mark Souster, Sheridan Morley, Ivo Tennant, Philip Howard, Tom Giles, Anthony E. Young, Jeremy Kingston, Clifford Longley Religious Affairs Editor, James Bone, George Sivell, Clive Davis, Noel Goodwin, Mandarin (Michael Phillips), Carol Leonard, Sarah Jane Checkland, Art Market Correspondent, Richard Streeton, Richard Eaton, Kevin Eason, Motoring Correspondent, John Best, Stuart Jones Football Correspondent, Neil Bennett, Banking Correspondent, Simon Wilde, Roddy Forsyth, Geoff Brown, Jane Elliott, Michael Seely Racing Correspondent, Bernard Levin, Dinah Birch, Martin Fletcher, Libby Jukes, Henry Gee, Nicholas Payne, Peter Davenport, Robin Knox-Johnston, Dr John Franz, Alan Lorimer, Rosanna Sane, Rodney G. Miskin, Matthew May, Julia Evans, Giles Cole, Derek Smith, Alan Hamilton, Robin Young, John Durie, William Scanlan, Rosalind Preston, Richard David, Ann Kent, Thomson Prentice, Science Correspondent, Jenny MacArthur, John Young, Bill Quirke, Stuart McDonald, Marion Devine, Elio Bellada, Roger W. Suddards (Chairman), Antonio Parra, Kevin Eason Motoring Correspondent, Rex Bellamy, James Wood, Bernard Richards, Bertram Hesmondhalgh, Thomson Prentice, Leslie Tilley, Cris Cheek, Keith Murphy, John Woodcock, Edward Gorman, Irish Affairs Correspondent, Gilberto Silvestri, Lin Jenkins, Mitchell Platts Golf Correspondent, Paola Damato, Michael Tate, Deputy City Editor, Andrew McEwen, Diplomatic Editor, Lucio Dabala, Alvise Zorzi, David Powell Athletics Correspondent, Bruno Palmarin, Giorgio Zannini, Kerry Gill, Malcolm L. Frame, Arthur Abeles, Simon Tait Arts Correspondent, David Robinson, Nicholas Beeston, Raymond Keene, Chess Correspondent, Barry Fox, Peter Stothard, Paul Denza, David Lowry, Peter Bryan, Steve Acteson, Chris Partridge, Vittorio Zanella, Richard Owen, Peter Dear and Gillian Maxey, Andrew De Pree, Barry Pickthall, Peter Guilford, J. R. Nickell-Lean (Director), Roger Boyes, Marcel Berlins, Valerie Goldberg, David Sapsted, Michael Hornsby, Agriculture Correspondent, David Hands Rugby Correspondent, Michael Dynes, Transport Correspondent, David Brewerton, Richard Duce, John Goodbody, John H. Ayers (Managing Director), Craig Lord, J. Slome, Graham Searjeant Financial Editor, Owen Jenkins, R. V. Briscoe, Robert Morgan, G. Greber, John Goodbody Sports News Correspondent, Alan Lee Cricket Correspondent, Peta Levi, Philip Pangalos, Emifide Pagliaro, Benedict Nightingale, Andrei Kortunov, Michael Hornsby and Susan Macdonald, Dr Thomas Stuttaford, Rodney Lord, Economics Editor, David Tytler, Education Editor, Lulu Yu, Jack Bailey, Derek Harris Industrial Editor, Anne McElvoy, Matthew Bond, Susan Ellicott, Pearce Wright, Science Editor and our Foreign Staff, Andrew Longmore, Tennis Correspondent, Clement Freud, Mary Dejevsky, Stuart Jones, Football Correspondent, John Watson,
... We're No Angels, The Vanishing and The Punisher, and concludes that the best cinema on offer ...
1990 - Gale Group | TDA
David S. Gordon, Joah R. Madden, Stephen E. G. Lea,
... heterogeneity in the cost of punishment or if punishers receive a reputational benefit from their actions. A ... studies measured participants' judgements of a third party punisher in comparison to those exhibiting other aggressive/dominant ... 2), and variation in the status of the punisher and the type of punishment used (Study 3). Third party punishers were judged to be more likeable than (but ... 2), and participants believed that only a dominant punisher could intervene successfully (regardless of whether punishment was ...
Tópico(s): Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
2014 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
... distribution of point-gain reinforcers or point-loss punishers in two-alternative signal-detection procedures. Experiment 1 ... for correct responses (Group A) and point-loss punishers for errors (Group B) across conditions. Response bias ... as a function of the relative reinforcer or punisher frequencies. Experiment 2 arranged two conditions - one where ... presented with an equal distribution of point-loss punishers (R+P). Response bias was significantly greater in ... R+P) an equal distribution of point-loss punishers for errors. Response bias varied systematically with changes ...
Tópico(s): Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
2009 - Wiley | Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Yanyan Yang, Min Li, Yan Liu, Zhibin Wang, Xiuxiu Fu, Xingqiang He, Qi Wang, Xiaoxin Li, Huibo Ma, Kun Wang, Lu Zou, Jianxun Wang, Tao Yu,
... studies have shown that a novel lncRNA termed Punisher is highly expressed in cardiovascular progenitors and has ... unclear. In our present study, we observed that Punisher was obviously downregulated in atherosclerotic plaques. Further research ... potentially contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis. Intriguingly, Punisher revealed to regulate mitochondria fission as well as ... induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in VSMCs. Mechanistically, Punisher was further proved to serve as a ceRNA ... contributes to the biological function of VSMCs. Particularly, Punisher overexpression distinctly suppressed neointima formation and VSMC apoptosis ...
Tópico(s): Circular RNAs in diseases
2022 - Hindawi Publishing Corporation | Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Nobuhiro Mifune, Yang Li, Narumi Okuda,
... a positive evaluation. This study compares evaluations of punishers and non-punishers. Two hundred and thirty-four undergraduate students participated ... 1 revealed that, in the public goods game, punishers were not positively evaluated, while punishers were positively evaluated in the third-party punishment ... of a public goods game, we manipulated the punishers participation in the game. The results showed that punishers received no positive evaluations, regardless of their participation ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
2020 - | Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science
Toshio Yamagishi, Yang Li, Alan S. R. Fermin, Ryota Kanai, Haruto Takagishi, Yoshie Matsumoto, Toko Kiyonari, Masamichi Sakagami,
... identified strong behavioural differences between altruistic and spiteful punishers. Altruistic punishers who rejected unfair offers in the ultimatum game ... pro-socially in various non-strategic games. Spiteful punishers who rejected unfair offers in the ultimatum game ... the left caudate nucleus was larger in spiteful punishers than in altruistic punishers. These findings are in contrast to the previous assumption that altruistic punishers derive pleasure from enforcement of fairness norms, and suggest that spiteful punishers derive pleasure from seeing the target experience negative ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
2017 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Peter Lewisch, Stefania Ottone, Ferruccio Ponzano,
... the presence of a potential additional third-party punisher who observes the norm violation and decides to ... an enlargement of the pool of potential altruistic punishers, namely the introduction of a second potential punisher. The relevance of this question is evident because, ... that the presence of several potential third-party punishers activates free-riding attitudes, third-party punishment may ... a systematic way, the complex relationship between the punisher’s expectations about her/his peer’s punishment ...
Tópico(s): Taxation and Compliance Studies
2011 - De Gruyter | Review of Law & Economics
Marjorie H. Charlop, Louis D. Burgio, Brian A. Iwata, Martin T. Ivancic,
We compared the effects of varied punishers (presentation of one of three available punishers) with the single presentation of one of the punishers on the occurrence of inappropriate behaviors with three ... delayed children. Two children were presented with varied‐punisher conditions in which either overcorrection, time‐out, or ... decrease in the target behaviors with the varied‐punisher format slightly more effective than the single presentations of the punishers. The results suggest the use of varied punishers ...
Tópico(s): Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
1988 - Wiley | Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
Amanda L. Verriden, Eileen M. Roscoe,
... research on the identification and evaluation of potential punishers for decreasing automatically reinforced problem behavior in four individuals with autism spectrum disorder. A punisher selection interview was conducted with lead clinicians to identify socially acceptable punishers. During the treatment evaluation, treatment phases were introduced ... DRA with punishment phase, four to five potential punishers were evaluated using a multielement design. Dependent measures ... and punishment was necessary. However, the most effective punisher identified in the context of NCR-and-DRA ...
Tópico(s): Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
2018 - Wiley | Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
Feng Huang, Xiaojie Chen, Long Wang,
... shows that costly punishment can be maintained if punishers may engage in corruption. However, how to reduce ... control. In the absence of corruption control, altruistic punishers are incapable of punishing corrupt punishers. Corrupt punishment maintains civilian cooperation but undermines the evolution of altruistic punishment. Otherwise, altruistic punishers can enforce symmetrical or asymmetrical punishment on both corrupt punishers and civilian defectors. In this case, both civilian ... considered or not, spiteful corruption that non-cooperative punishers penalize defectors is a more effective form for ...
Tópico(s): Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
2018 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Theoretical Biology
Naoki Konishi, Tomoko Oe, Hiroshi Shimizu, Kanako Tanaka, Yohsuke Ohtsubo,
... facilitates large-scale cooperation among humans, but how punishers, who incur an extra cost of punishment, can successfully compete with non-punishers, who free-ride on the punisher's policing, poses an evolutionary puzzle. One answer ... in order to effectively coordinate their punishment, potential punishers must know in advance whether others would also ... Such knowledge might hinder coordination by tempting potential punishers to free-ride on other punishers. Previous research suggests that moral emotions, such as ...
Tópico(s): Emotions and Moral Behavior
2017 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Nichola Raihani, Redouan Bshary,
Punishers can benefit from a tough reputation, where future partners cooperate because they fear repercussions. Alternatively, punishers might receive help from bystanders if their act ... but it is not known whether third-party punishers are rewarded for their investments. Here, we show that third-party punishers are indeed rewarded by uninvolved bystanders. Third parties ... parties were rewarded even more than third-party punishers. These results suggest that punishment could in principle ...
Tópico(s): Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
2015 - Oxford University Press | Evolution
Kevin B. Freeman, Jennifer E. Naylor, Thomas E. Prisinzano, William L. Woolverton,
Drugs can function as punishers. However, work on the study of drugs as punishers is limited, as is the range of compounds known to function as punishers. Kappa opioid agonists, which have received much experimental ... kappa agonists have yet to be tested as punishers of behavior. The goal of the current study ... if a kappa agonist could function as a punisher of drug self-administration. In separate experiments, monkeys ...
Tópico(s): Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
2014 - Springer Science+Business Media | Psychopharmacology
... in the spatial public goods game. Unlike unconditional punishers who always impose the same fines on defectors, conditional punishers do so proportionally with the number of other punishers in the group. Phase diagrams in dependence on ... and cost reveal that the two types of punishers cannot coexist. Spontaneous coarsening of the two strategies ... with the defectors, which is won by unconditional punishers only if the sanctioning is inexpensive. Otherwise conditional punishers are the victors of the indirect competition, indicating ...
Tópico(s): Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
2013 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Theoretical Biology
... reputational benefit. While the reputational benefits accruing to punishers and nonpunishers have been compared in previous studies, ... study we directly compared the reputational benefit of punisher, rewarder, and non-sanctioner. We conducted a scenario ... Ultimatum Game, Dictator Game, and Chicken Game with punisher, rewarder, and non-sanctioner. While in previous studies, punishers have gotten better reputational benefit as providers of resources than have non-sanctioners, we found that punishers received worse reputations than did rewarders or non- ...
Tópico(s): Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
2012 - | Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science
... topics for discussion in this literature is whether punishers receive benefits, on which no clear conclusion has ... game types and reward types, and found that punishers were chosen more frequently than non-punishers as providers of rewards, and yet, they were chosen less frequently than non-punishers as recipients of rewards. Adaptive advantages of punishers are suggested to be in their likelihood of ...
Tópico(s): Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
2010 - | Letters on Evolutionary Behavioral Science
Christopher Layne, Robert S. Gross, Marion F. Buckley,
... Psychopathology Ratio scales of the reward values and punisher aversions of depressed undergraduates Christopher Layne, Corresponding Author ... people undervalue rewards or are overly averse to punishers. Rational zero-point scaling was used to obtain ratio scales of undergraduates' reward values and punisher aversions. As the theories predicted, depressed students consistently ... 1.4 times more averse to all four punishers (classmate and professor criticism, incorrectness feedback, and monetary ... 2 times more averse to the three intangible punishers. Contrary to the theories, depressed students consistently failed ...
Tópico(s): Psychological Treatments and Assessments
1980 - Wiley | Journal of Clinical Psychology
Vikki Neville, Jessica G. Bonney-King, Iain D. Gilchrist, Peter Dayan, Elizabeth S. Paul, Michael Mendl,
... at hand are germane to the rewards or punishers that induced the affective state in the first ... by presenting either many or few rewards or punishers of different types (sucrose vs air-puff; 50 ... making. Computational analysis revealed a higher weighting of punishers relative to rewards (in agreement with findings from ... air-puff. Thus, in this study reward and punisher manipulation of affective state appeared to alter decision- ...
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
2020 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
Wacław M. Adamczyk, Karolina Wiercioch‐Kuzianik, Elżbieta A. Bajcar, Przemysław Bąbel,
... of contingency, that is dependent relation between rewards/punishers and pain responses, the random‐control group received rewards and punishers in a non‐contingent manner. The colour‐control group did not receive any rewards or punishers to control for nonassociative learning. Pain intensity ratings ... feedback on pain ratings was used as rewards/punishers. Results When rewarding and punishment were stopped, only ... Moreover, the contingency between pain responses and rewards/punishers is crucial to induce placebo analgesia through operant ...
Tópico(s): Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
2019 - Wiley | European Journal of Pain
Michaela Gummerum, Belén López‐Pérez, Eric van Dijk, Lotte F. van Dillen,
... the context of second‐party punishment, where the punisher is a direct victim of the violation. Study ... N = 119) assessed third‐party punishment, where the punisher is an observer, unaffected by the violation. In ... emotion ratings) depended on whether or not the punisher was personally affected by the violation and age. ... negative emotions primarily motivate costly punishment when the punisher is affected by the violation or when an unaffected third‐party punisher takes the perspective of the victim of a ...
Tópico(s): Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
2019 - Wiley | Social Development