Dorota L. Stankowska, Adnan Dibas, Linya Li, Wei Zhang, Vignesh R. Krishnamoorthy, Sai H. Chavala, Tam Nguyen, Thomas Yorio, Dorette Z. Ellis, Suchismita Acharya,
... of a hybrid antioxidant-nitric oxide donor compound SA-2 against oxidative stress–induced retinal ganglion cell (RGC) ... Mice were treated intravitreally with either vehicle or SA-2. Retinal thickness was measured by spectral-domain optical ... carried out in the retina sections. Concentrations of SA-2 in the retina and choroid were determined using ... and MS. In addition, the direct effect of SA-2 treatment on RGC survival was assessed in ex ... under hypoxic (0.5% O2) conditions. Results: Compound SA-2 did not induce any appreciable change in retinal ...
Tópico(s): Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
2019 - Cadmus Press | Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
Dorota L. Stankowska, J. Cameron Millar, Bindu Kodati, Sumita Behera, Renuka Chaphalkar, Tam Nguyen, Kytai T. Nguyen, Raghu R. Krishnamoorthy, Dorette Z. Ellis, Suchismita Acharya,
... co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticle-encapsulated hybrid compound SA-2, possessing nitric oxide (NO) donating and superoxide radical ... for the study. hTM cells were treated with SA-2 (100 µM, 200 µM, and 1,000 µM), SA-2 PLGA-loaded nanosuspension (SA-2 NPs, 0.1%), or vehicle for 30 min. ... min followed by treatment with escalating doses of SA-2 for 24 h, and CellTiter 96 cell proliferation ... of a single eye drop (30 μl) of SA-2 NPs (1% w/v) formulated in PBS to rat (n = 6) eyes. Compound SA-2 was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography /mass ...
Tópico(s): Neurological Disorders and Treatments
2021 - Emory University | Molecular vision
Alessandra Vultaggio, Francesca Nencini, Paul M. Fitch, Lucia Filì, Laura Maggi, Paola Fanti, Annick deVries, Enrico Beccastrini, Francesca Palandri, Cinzia Manuelli, Danièle Bani, Maria Grazia Giudizi, Antonio Guarna, Francesco Annunziato, Sergio Romagnani, Enrico Maggi, Sarah Howie, Paola Parronchi,
Abstract Substitute adenine (SA)-2, a synthetic heterocycle chemically related to adenine with substitutions in positions 9-, 2-, and 8- (i.e., 9-benzyl- ... article, we evaluate the in vivo ability of SA-2 to affect Th2-mediated lung inflammation and its safety. TLR triggering and NF-κB activation by SA-2 were analyzed on TLR-transfected HEK293 cells and ... marrow dendritic cells. The in vivo effect of SA-2 on experimental airway inflammation was evaluated in both ... T cells from draining lymph nodes and spleens. SA-2 induced mRNA expression and production of proinflammatory (IL- ...
Tópico(s): Immune Response and Inflammation
2009 - American Association of Immunologists | The Journal of Immunology
Xian He, Tianxiang Liu, Ke Ren, Jie Chen, Gaokun Zhao, Binbin Hu, Anchuan Xu, Yan Jin, Yanmei Zhu, Congming Zou,
... was no significant difference between SA-1 and SA-2. The change of moisture content during curing was SA-1 > SA-2 > CK, and the water loss rate was CK > SA-2 > SA-1, and both varied greatly at 38- ... sugar metabolites changed as follows: CK > SA-1 > SA-2. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD ... CAT in fresh tobacco leaves were SA-1 > SA-2 > CK. MDA content, and the inactivation rate of antioxidant enzymes during curing was CK > SA-2 > SA-1. The economic character and sensory smoking ... of flue-cured tobacco leaves were SA-1 > SA-2 > CK. In high altitude tobacco planting areas prone ...
Tópico(s): Plant responses to water stress
2020 - Frontiers Media | Frontiers in Plant Science
Jennifer H. Pham, Gretchen A. Johnson, Rajiv Rangan, Charles E. Amankwa, Suchismita Acharya, Dorota L. Stankowska,
... of the hybrid antioxidant-nitric oxide donating compound SA-2 in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration models were ... survival was assessed after treatment with vehicle or SA-2. In separate experiments, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and ... assessed following treatments. In the TF deprivation model, SA-2 treatment produced a significant decrease in apoptotic and ... the production of ROS was observed in the SA-2-treated group compared to the vehicle-treated group. Compound SA-2 was neuroprotective against various glaucomatous insults in the ...
Tópico(s): Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
2022 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Cells
Shirley H. Baer, Hans P. Blaschek, Terrance L. Smith,
... acetobutylicum ATCC 824 and a butanol-tolerant mutant, SA-2, was examined in chemically defined medium. Growth of ... h fermentation. Compared with ATCC 824, growth of SA-2 into the late stationary phase at 22 or ... and challenged cells. This effect was minimized when SA-2 was challenged at 42°C, probably due to ... for both strains. The membrane fluidity exhibited by SA-2 remained essentially constant at various butanol challenge and ... amount of saturated fatty acids, the butanol-tolerant SA-2 strain has apparently developed a mechanism for maintaining ...
Tópico(s): Biofuel production and bioconversion
1987 - American Society for Microbiology | Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... to now, strontium dialuminate, SrAl 4 O 7 (SA 2 ), could be synthesized only by solidification from the ... As the temperature is raised beyond 1100°C, SA 2 becomes metastable, its formation is no longer possible, ... compound, whose composition is close to that of SA 2 , is stable up to 1500°C. At higher temperature it decomposes into SA and SA 2 , which in its turn decomposes into SA and ... 19 ). There is again another stability domain for SA 2 , restricted to a narrow temperature scale close to ... symmetrical: low heating or cooling rates produce pure SA 2 while too rapid kinetics result in mixtures of ...
Tópico(s): Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
2002 - Wiley | Journal of the American Ceramic Society
Alessandra Vultaggio, Francesca Nencini, Sara Pratesi, Laura Maggi, Antonio Guarna, Francesco Annunziato, Sergio Romagnani, Paola Parronchi, Enrico Maggi,
... 9-benzyl-2-butoxy-8-hydroxy adenine, called SA-2) to affect IL-17 response. The SA-2 activity on the expression of IL-17A and ... vitro α-galactosyl ceramide (α-GalCer)-driven systems. SA-2 prepriming reduced neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and ... was inhibited in vitro by the presence of SA-2. Reduced IL-17A (as well as IFN-γ ... levels in mice treated with α-GalCer plus SA-2 were also observed. The in vitro results indicated ... by dendritic cells are the major player for SA-2–driven IL-17A (and also IFN-γ and ...
Tópico(s): Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
2011 - American Association of Immunologists | The Journal of Immunology
Lucia Filì, Simona Ferri, Francesco Guarna, Salvatore Sampognaro, Cinzia Manuelli, Francesco Liotta, Lorenzo Cosmi, Andrea Matucci, Alessandra Vultaggio, Francesco Annunziato, Enrico Maggi, Antonio Guarna, Sergio Romagnani, Paola Parronchi,
... with substitution in positions 2-, 8-, and 9- (SA-2), but not its related derivative lacking 2- and ... nuclear factor κB–dependent signaling pathway mediated by SA-2 ligation of TLR7 was responsible for these effects. SA-2 also redirected the in vitro differentiation of either ... with substitution in positions 2-, 8-, and 9- (SA-2), but not its related derivative lacking 2- and ... nuclear factor κB–dependent signaling pathway mediated by SA-2 ligation of TLR7 was responsible for these effects. SA-2 also redirected the in vitro differentiation of either ...
Tópico(s): Asthma and respiratory diseases
2006 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Michihiro Hara, Sachiko Tojo, Kiyohiko Kawai, Tetsuro Majima,
... give the dimer radical cations (Py2˙+ and Py2˙+(SA−)2) based on time-resolved measurements of the charge ... and γ-cyclodextrins (βCD and γCD, respectively). Py2˙+(SA−)2 in the cavity of two γCDs having fully ... the CR band around 1700 nm, while Py2˙+(SA−)2 in the cavity of two βCD having partially ... basis of formation and decay rates of Py2˙+(SA−)2, bimolecular formation of Py2˙+(SA−)2 and the neutralization are inhibited in the cavities ... formation of the fully overlapped structure of Py2˙+(SA−)2 in the cavity of two γCDs within a ...
Tópico(s): Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
2004 - Royal Society of Chemistry | Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Jie Yu, Dechuan Wang, Jing Jin, Jun Xu, Mengwei Li, Hui Wang, Jie Dou, Changlin Zhou,
... properties of six newly synthesized benzoic acid derivatives. SA-2, the ethyl 4-(2-hydroxymethyl-5-oxopyrrolidin-1- ... potential drug candidate. In a cytopathic effect assay, SA-2 dose dependently inhibited H1N1, H3N2 and the oseltamivir- ... antiviral activity with oseltamivir in vitro. Orally administered SA-2 effectively protected mice infected with lethal doses of ... reducing lung virus titer. Mechanistic studies showed that SA-2 efficiently inhibited the activity of RNA polymerase and ... entry and release. Based on these favourable findings, SA-2, a novel anti-influenza agent, with its potent ...
Tópico(s): interferon and immune responses
2016 - Elsevier BV | Antiviral Research
Ella Dendooven, Stefan Kerre, Kenn Foubert, Luc Pieters, Julien Lambert, An Goossens, Olivier Aerts,
... pharmaceuticals and medical devices were patch tested to SA 2% and 5% pet.; SA 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%. eth.; and/or SA 2% aq., whereas PS was patch tested 5% pet. ... preparations, presented with a (doubtful) positive reaction to SA 2% pet., while this remained negative in 13 patients who reacted to SA 2% eth. The preparations containing SA 5% pet.; 1%, 3%, and 5% eth.; and SA 2% aq. had little or no additional value. PS ... Sensitization to SA and PS is probably underestimated. SA 2% eth. and PS 5% pet. are preferred for ...
Tópico(s): Drug-Induced Adverse Reactions
2021 - Wiley | Contact Dermatitis
Chao Mao, Guang Lei, Li Zhuang, Boyi Gan,
... activity of iPLA2β, revealing that both 1-stearoyl (SA)-2-ETE-PE and 1-SA-2-15-HpETE-PE (one specific 15-HpETE-PE) ... experimental analyses and computational modeling suggested that 1-SA-2-15-HpETE-PE is likely the preferred substrate ... shown to exhibit lower hydrolytic activity toward 1-SA-2-15-HpETE-PE than did the wild-type ... Likewise, the phospholipase activity of iPLA2β toward 1-SA-2-15-HpETE-PE was dramatically lower in cells ... its lower hydrolytic activity toward its substrate 1-SA-2-15-HpETE-PE. Given the important role of ...
Tópico(s): Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
2021 - Wiley | Cancer Communications
Harry Heimberg, Yves Heremans, Christian Jobin, Ruth Leemans, Alessandra K. Cardozo, Martine I. Darville, Décio L. Eizirik,
... cells were infected with the recombinant adenovirus AdIκB(SA)2, which contained a nondegradable mutant form of inhibitory κB (IκB(SA)2, with S32A and S36A) that locks NF-κB ... complex, preventing its nuclear action. Expression of IκB(SA)2 inhibited cytokine-stimulated nuclear translocation and DNA-binding ... and manganese superoxide dismutase, was prevented by AdIκB(SA)2, as established by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, ... IFN-γ treatment was significantly improved by IκB(SA)2 expression, mostly through inhibition of the apoptotic pathway. ...
Tópico(s): Immune Response and Inflammation
2001 - American Diabetes Association | Diabetes
A.A. Lo’ay, M. Rabie, Haifa A. S. Alhaithloul, Suliman Mohammed Suliman Alghanem, Aly M. Ibrahim, Mohamed A. Abdein, Zinab A. Abdelgawad,
... life. ‘Crimson seedless’ bunches, treated with PE + PVA-SA 2 mmol L−1, had a lowered rachis browning ... during shelf-life duration. Moreover, the PE + PVA-SA 2 mM improved berry firmness (BF) and removal force ( ... pectinase (PT) were minimized by applying PE + PVA-SA 2 mM coatings throughout storage duration. The accumulation of ... electrolyte leakage percentage (EL%), was reduced. PE + PVA-SA 2 mM maintained DPPH radical quenching activities and minimized ... Crimson seedless’ bunches during shelf life. PE + PVA-SA 2 mM might be at least partially ascribed to ...
Tópico(s): Horticultural and Viticultural Research
2021 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Horticulturae
J. Broeckx, Yōichi Kamiura, P. Clauws, J. Vénnik,
... ground state binding energies are 13.89 meV (SA'2), 14.42 meV (SA“2), and 17.89 meV (SA3). We tentatively attribute both the SA'2 and the SA“2 line series to one acceptor complex with a ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
1981 - Elsevier BV | Solid State Communications
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Ensieh Salehghamari, Khosro Khajeh, Mahbube Kabiri, Saied Reza Naddaf,
... salty environments in Iran. A strain designated as SA‐2 was shown to be the best producer of ... characterization along with 16S rDNA sequence analysis placed SA‐2 in the genus Salinivibrio . The optimum salt, pH, ... that the lipase secreted by Salinivibrio sp. strain SA‐2 is industrially important from the perspective of its ...
Tópico(s): Algal biology and biofuel production
2008 - Wiley | Journal of Basic Microbiology
Dario Drommi, Maria Saporita, Giuseppe Brunò, Felice Faraone, Patrizia Scafato, Carlo Rosini,
The chiral bidentate-N,N ligands, (Sa)-1, (Sa)-2, (S,S)-3 and (S,S)-4, were ... 1,3-diyl)-1,1′-binaphthalene. In the (Sa)-2, and (S,S)-4 ligands pair, the 8- ... specific steric structural features of the (Sa)-1, (Sa)-2, (S,S)-3, and (S,S)-4 ligands ... ligands form chelate complexes, with the exception of (Sa)-2, which failed to react with [Pd(η3-PhCHCHCHPh)( ...
Tópico(s): Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
2007 - Royal Society of Chemistry | Dalton Transactions
Ramaswamy Murugavel, R. Korah,
Group 2 metal complexes [Ca(SA)2(phen)]n (1), [Sr2(SA)4(phen)4] (2), and [Ba(SA)2(phen)2]n (3) (SA = salicylate) have been ... 6(H2O)4](4bpy)2}n (4), {[Sr(SA)2(H2O)3](4bpy)1.5(H2O)}n (5), and {[Ba(SA)2(H2O)3]-(4bpy)1.5(H2O)}n (6) ...
Tópico(s): Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
2007 - American Chemical Society | Inorganic Chemistry
Di Ou, X. Wang, Daniel L. Metzger, Marjorie Robbins, Junqi Huang, Christian Jobin, J. K. Chantler, Roger F.L. James, Paolo Pozzilli, Aubrey J. Tingle,
... superrepressor of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) (AdIκB(SA)2), were examined for their susceptibility to the TRAIL ( ... and primary islet cells were transfected by AdIκB(SA)2, TRAIL-induced IκB degradation and nuclear translocation of ... cells transfected with both FADD-DN and AdIκB(SA)2 was reduced, compared with that observed in these ... transfected with either FADD-DN alone or AdIκB(SA)2 alone, suggesting that FADD and NF-κB have ...
Tópico(s): Immune Response and Inflammation
2005 - Elsevier BV | Human Immunology
Beata Miksa, Stanisław Słomkowski,
... styrene/acrolein) latexes (P(SA)1 and P(SA)2), differing in poly(acrolein) content, were synthesized by ... 50, for the P(SA)1 and P(SA)2 latex, respectively. Latexes were labelled with 2, 4- ... mol m-2 (for DNPH label on P(SA)2 latex) reflecting the fraction of polyacrolein in the ... serum albumin and gamma globulins onto the P(SA)2 latex and onto its derivatives labelled with the ...
Tópico(s): Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis
1996 - Taylor & Francis | Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition
Sahil Sharma, Manish Gupta, Ajit Kumar Saxena, Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi,
... the ideal structural features. The most potent compounds (SA-2, SA-3, SA-4, SA-7) were further tested for tubulin inhibition. Compound SA-2 was found to significantly inhibit the tubulin polymerization (IC50=1.2 μM against HCT-116). Compound SA-2, moreover, lead to the disruption of microtubules as ... technique. The significant cytotoxicity and tubulin inhibition by SA-2 was streamlined by molecular modeling studies where it ...
Tópico(s): Click Chemistry and Applications
2015 - Elsevier BV | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Duong Le, Aneetta E. Kuriakose, Dat X. Nguyen, Kytai T. Nguyen, Suchismita Acharya,
... yl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinol (SA-2) containing both antioxidant and NO donor functionalities that ... ECs against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Compound SA-2 scavenged reactive oxygen species, inhibited proliferation and migration ... lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with SA-2 provided a sustained release of NO over days, ... assay. These results indicated the potential use of SA-2 nanoparticles as an alternative therapy to treat PAD.
Tópico(s): Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
2017 - Nature Portfolio | Scientific Reports
... 27.4 mole‐% (SA 1 ); 38.5 mole‐% (SA 2 ); and 47.5 mole‐% (SA 3 ) acrylonitrile—and ... at 30°C were established for SA 1 , SA 2 , SM, and polystyrene (PSt) in ethyl acetate (EAc), ... that the solvent power for samples SA 1 , SA 2 , and PSt is in the order EAc < γ‐ ...
Tópico(s): Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
1976 - Wiley | Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Physics Edition
Steven M. Brunelli, James D. Lewis, Meera Gupta, Sherif M. Latif, Mark G. Weiner, Harold I. Feldman,
... 5 mg/dl within 6 mo after colonoscopy (SA-2). Because kidney injury may require >6 mo to ... and had available exposure data) for SA-1, SA-2, and SA-3, respectively. Results of each of ... for each of the sensitivity analyses—SA-1, SA-2, and SA-3—except that outcome status was ...
Tópico(s): Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
2007 - American Society of Nephrology | Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Mauricio J. C. Coppo, Joanne M. Devlin, Amir H. Noormohammadi,
... specific pathogen free chickens were each inoculated with SA-2 ILT or Serva ILT vaccine strains. Unvaccinated birds ... copy numbers was observed shortly after inoculation with SA-2 ILT virus. In contrast, a comparatively delayed virus ... virus but only several days after exposure to SA-2 ILT virus. Results from this study demonstrate in ...
Tópico(s): Viral Infections and Immunology Research
2012 - Taylor & Francis | Avian Pathology
Stefan Kasapis, Edwin R. Morris, Ian T. Norton, Allan Clark,
... gelation behaviour of Paselli maltodextrins SA-6 and SA-2 (DE ≈ 6 and 2, respectively) was mapped out ... linearly with T. At equivalent temperatures and concentrations, SA-2 gelled between 20 and 60 times faster than ... The concentration-dependence of gel moduli (G′) for SA-2 and for gelatin (second-extract limed ossein; LO- ...
Tópico(s): Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
1993 - Elsevier BV | Carbohydrate Polymers
Stefan Kasapis, Edwin R. Morris, Ian T. Norton, C. Rupert T. Brown,
... studies using the faster-gelling potato maltodextrin Paselli SA-2, microscopy and gel-melting profiles again showed phase- ... a gelatin-continuous network at low concentrations of SA-2 to a maltodextrin-continuous network at higher concentrations. ... decrease in the dependence of gel-time on SA-2 concentration.
Tópico(s): Microencapsulation and Drying Processes
1993 - Elsevier BV | Carbohydrate Polymers
Larry L. Bellinger, Fred Williams,
Validation of the model SA-2's (EM-SCAN, Inc.) ability to measure fat-free body mass (FFM) and indirectly predict body fat mass using total ... Experiment 2. In Experiments 1 and 2, model SA-2 was used, and theoretical changes in FFM had ... used in interpreting data gather from the model SA-2.
Tópico(s): Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
1993 - Elsevier BV | Physiology & Behavior
Oleh Dzyubachyk, Qian Tao, Dirk H. J. Poot, Hildo J. Lamb, Katja Zeppenfeld, Boudewijn P. F. Lelieveldt, Rob J. van der Geest,
... acquired as two separate subvolumes, SA(1) and SA(2), each within its own breath-hold. This may ... 3)The slice shift between SA(1) and SA(2) is calculated from the estimated displacements: Subsequently, both SA(1) and SA(2) are passed to the reconstruction routine as separate ...
Tópico(s): Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
2014 - Wiley | Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging