Daniel E. Winkler, Joshua L. Conver, Travis E. Huxman, Don E. Swann,
Abstract The long‐lived columnar saguaro cactus ( Carnegiea gigantea ) is among the most studied plants in the world. Long‐term studies have shown saguaro establishment to be generally episodic and strongly influenced ... drought could cause populations to decline as older saguaros die without replacement. Previous studies have related establishment ... variability within the local area. We studied how saguaro establishment varied in space and which habitat features ... and slopes) in the two disjunct districts of Saguaro National Park in southern Arizona, USA . Recent, severe ...
Tópico(s): Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
2017 - Wiley | Ecology
T. V. Orum, Nancy Ferguson, J. D. Mihail,
... document mortality and regeneration in a population of saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea) in the Cactus Forest of the Rincon Mountain District of Saguaro National Park near Tucson, AZ. On 6 four-hectare plots, each saguaro was censused and a methodical search for new saguaros was conducted annually each year from 1942 through ... shifted dramatically from a population dominated by large saguaros (> 5.4 m tall) in the first three ... the study to a population dominated by small saguaros (< 1.8 m tall) in the most recent ...
Tópico(s): Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
2016 - Public Library of Science | PLoS ONE
Charles L. Hayes, William A. Talbot, Blair O. Wolf,
The saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) is a keystone resource for Sonoran desert consumers of nectar, pollen, fruit, and cactus tissues. Saguaro tissue contains oxalic acid and is unavailable to ... the genus Opuntia. N. albigula forages secondarily on saguaro tissues, reducing photosynthetic surface area and eliciting an ... reproduction. We observed and quantified Neotoma herbivory on saguaros in a low desert environment. Evidence of Neotoma grazing was found on 44% of all saguaros surveyed, and 13% of all saguaros had >20% ...
Tópico(s): Archaeology and Natural History
2012 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Arid Environments
This study samples 247 saguaros (Carnegiea gigantea) and their nurses in 30 populations in the northern Sonoran Desert to determine whether saguaros are randomly distributed beneath their nurses' canopies. Saguaro–nurse association patterns are compared across three nurse ... shrub Larrea tridentata). For all three nurse types, saguaros are significantly clustered near the center of their ... s base. Clustering varies with nurse architecture, as saguaros are most tightly clumped under the most open- ... species (L. tridentata), as more than 80% of saguaros were under the innermost 10% of L. tridentata' ...
Tópico(s): Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
2005 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Arid Environments
The saguaro, Carnegiea gigantea (Englemann), is a columnar cactus that grows to 15 m tall and weighs up to ... derives from atmospheric CO2 via photosynthesis. A mature saguaro can contain on the order of 1 × 105 ... 1 mm wide. After the death of the saguaro, a series of minerals crystallize in the rotting ... and several unidentified Mg-bearing phases. As the saguaro decays, the soft, water-rich pith shrinks, but ... intact, producing warm, moist pockets within the dead saguaro. Abundant, glassy lansfordite crystals to 1 mm in ...
Tópico(s): Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
2003 - Mineralogical Society of America | American Mineralogist
Elizabeth A. Pierson, Raymond M. Turner,
... 2676-2693 Article AN 85-YEAR STUDY OF SAGUARO (CARNEGIEA GIGANTEA) DEMOGRAPHY Elizabeth A. Pierson, Elizabeth A. ... Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract The saguaro population in a 700-ha area at the ... and 1993. We developed a model for determining saguaro age, using the growth rates of over 3000 ... structures were then used to infer regeneration trends. Saguaro populations on all slope aspects nearly doubled since ... Yet, during the same period, relative abundances of saguaros remained higher on the south and east aspects ...
Tópico(s): Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
1998 - Wiley | Ecology
Karl J. Niklas, Stephen L. Buchman,
... 1161-1168 Structure and Development The allometry of saguaro height Karl J. Niklas, Karl J. Niklas Section ... stem diameter D was determined based on 118 saguaro plants. The slope obtained for the reduced major ... determined for a single section from a mature saguaro stem. E/ρ was nearly equivalent to that ... E/ρ ≈ a constant, the safety-factor for saguaro stems (i.e., Hcrit/H) appeared to be ... the mean safety-factor computed for the 118 saguaro specimens was 9.64, indicating that, on the ... well below Hcrit. Additionally, circumstantial evidence suggests that saguaro stems become more stiff as they increase in ...
Tópico(s): Historical Astronomy and Related Studies
1994 - Wiley | American Journal of Botany
Theodore A. Kerpez, Norman S. Smith,
... Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) nest cavities, and compared saguaros used for nest sites to the saguaros available for both species. Gila Woodpecker nest cavities ... were shallower in the vertical plane of the saguaro, and were deeper in the horizontal plane of the saguaro than Northern Flicker nest cavities. These data can ... nest cavities was random for both species. Although saguaro selection differed between the species, both selected the largest saguaros for nest sites. No nests of either species ...
Tópico(s): Animal Behavior and Reproduction
1990 - Oxford University Press | Ornithological Applications
M. Lundquist, K. Paterson, W. Fong, David J. Sand, Jennifer E. Andrews, Irene Shivaei, Philip N. Daly, S. Valenti, S. Yang, E. Christensen, A. R. Gibbs, F. C. Shelly, S. Wyatt, O. Eskandari, O. Kuhn, R. Amaro, I. Arcavi, Peter Behroozi, N. Butler, Laura Chomiuk, A. Corsi, M. R. Drout, Eiichi Egami, Xiaohui Fan, R. J. Foley, Brenda Frye, Paul Gabor, E. M. Green, C. J. Grier, Felipe Guzmán, Erika Hamden, D. A. Howell, Buell T. Jannuzi, Patrick L. Kelly, Peter Milne, Maxwell Moe, Anya E. Nugent, Edward W. Olszewski, E. Palazzi, Vasileios Paschalidis, Dimitrios Psaltis, D. Reichart, A. Rest, A. Rossi, G. Schroeder, P. S. Smith, Nathan Smith, Kristine Spekkens, Jay Strader, Daniel P. Stark, David E. Trilling, C. Veillet, M. Wagner, Benjamin J. Weiner, J. C. Wheeler, G. G. Williams, Ann I. Zabludoff,
... present Searches After Gravitational-waves Using ARizona Observatories (SAGUARO), a comprehensive effort dedicated to the discovery and ... of optical counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) events. SAGUARO utilizes ground-based facilities ranging from 1.5 ... the Northern Hemisphere. We provide an overview of SAGUARO’s telescopic resources, its pipeline for transient detection, and its database for candidate visualization. We describe SAGUARO’s discovery component, which utilizes the 5 deg ... We also describe the follow-up component of SAGUARO, used for rapid vetting and monitoring of optical ...
Tópico(s): Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
2019 - IOP Publishing | The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Fábio Suzart de Albuquerque, Blas M. Benito, Miguel Ángel Macías Rodríguez, Caitlin Gray,
... the Sonoran Desert ecosystem, home of the iconic Saguaro ( Carnegiea gigantea ). Hence, there is an urgent need ... the potential impacts of climate change on the saguaro. The goals of this study are to provide ... describe the relationships between abiotic predictors and the saguaro distribution at regional extents (2), and describe the ... climate change on the spatial distribution of the saguaro (3). Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) was used to investigate the relationships between abiotic variables and the Saguaro distribution. SDMs were calibrated using presence records, 2, ...
Tópico(s): Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
2018 - PeerJ, Inc. | PeerJ
Taly Dawn Drezner, Colleen M. Garrity,
Abstract The saguaro cactus, an icon of the American southwestern desert, defines the extent of the Sonoran Desert through portions of its range. Saguaros rely upon nurse plants for establishment and survival ... desert. Freezing temperatures limit the range of the saguaro to the north in Arizona. However, nurse plants extend the range of saguaros by providing more moderate conditions beneath their canopies. ... in marginal, cold-limited locales. We sampled 291 saguaros over thirty populations in Arizona, in the northern ...
Tópico(s): Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
2003 - Routledge | The Professional Geographer
... explored to determine which variables are associated with saguaro stem diameter and to determine if Bergmann's rule is applicable to saguaros. Location The northern Sonoran Desert in Arizona, USA. Methods Thirty saguaro populations were sampled (height, diameter, number of branches), ... for population height structure, mean relative thickness of saguaros was calculated for each plot (population). Fifty‐seven ... a significant positive relationship between winter precipitation and saguaro branching ( Drezner, 2003 , Ecography , in press). To determine ...
Tópico(s): Psidium guajava Extracts and Applications
2003 - Wiley | Journal of Biogeography
Karl J. Niklas, Stephen L. Buchman,
... stem diameter D was determined based on 118 saguaro plants. The slope obtained for the reduced major ... determined for a single section from a mature saguaro stem. E/ ρ was nearly equivalent to that ... E/ ρ ≈ a constant, the safety‐factor for saguaro stems (i.e., H crit /H) appeared to ... the mean safety‐factor computed for the 118 saguaro specimens was 9.64, indicating that, on the ... below H crit . Additionally, circumstantial evidence suggests that saguaro stems become more stiff as they increase in ... the allometries of H and H crit for saguaro, other cacti, nonwoody, and highly branched tree species ...
Tópico(s): Cassava research and cyanide
1994 - Wiley | American Journal of Botany
... radiation interception and CO 2 uptake, increase as saguaro cacti Carnegiea gigantea (Engelm.) Britt. and Rose branch, ... in both geography and scale. Many aspects of saguaro ecology are known to depend on the summer ... was explored in the present study to investigate saguaro branching patterns. I collected height and branching data in thirty saguaro populations across their American range. Stepwise regression was ... and thus in seed production. This suggests that saguaros benefit from moisture during the winter, possibly utilizing ...
Tópico(s): Archaeology and Natural History
2003 - Wiley | Ecography
Blair O. Wolf, Carlos Martı́nez del Rio, Jeffery Babson,
... p. 1286-1293 Report STABLE ISOTOPES REVEAL THAT SAGUARO FRUIT PROVIDES DIFFERENT RESOURCES TO TWO DESERT DOVE ... onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract During the Sonoran Desert summer, saguaro cacti produce an abundant fruit crop whose nutrients ... isotope analyses indicated that, at the peak of saguaro fruit production, saguaro fruit represented >90% of White-winged Dove and ∼ ... Mourning Dove carbon incorporation. Over the entire summer, saguaro fruit comprised 50% and 14% of the diet ... their body water were linearly correlated, indicating that saguaro fruit was an important source of both nutrients ...
Tópico(s): Cassava research and cyanide
2002 - Wiley | Ecology
Theodore H. Fleming, Catherine T. Sahley, J. Nathaniel Holland, John D. Nason, J. L. Hamrick,
... involving bats, birds, and bees (cardon, Pachycereus pringlei; saguaro, Carnegiea gigantea; and organ pipe, Stenocereus thurberi) and ... size of flower crops were relatively invariant in saguaro and organ pipe. Time of peak flowering in ... diurnal visitors accounted for most fruit set in saguaro (except in 1995 when bats were most important) ... substantially higher than that of diurnal pollinators in saguaro and organ pipe, but not in cardon. There ... relative importance of nocturnal vs. diurnal pollinators in saguaro and senita, but bats were much more important ...
Tópico(s): Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
2001 - Wiley | Ecological Monographs
Theodore H. Fleming, Catherine T. Sahley, J. Nathaniel Holland, John D. Nason, J. L. Hamrick,
... involving bats, birds, and bees (cardon, Pachycereus pringlei; saguaro, Carnegiea gigantea; and organ pipe, Stenocereus thurberi) and ... size of flower crops were relatively invariant in saguaro and organ pipe. Time of peak flowering in ... diurnal visitors accounted for most fruit set in saguaro (except in 1995 when bats were most important) ... substantially higher than that of diurnal pollinators in saguaro and organ pipe, but not in cardon. There ... relative importance of nocturnal vs. diurnal pollinators in saguaro and senita, but bats were much more important ...
Tópico(s): Plant and animal studies
2001 - Wiley | Ecological Monographs
Kate Lajtha, Kristin Kolberg, Jenna Getz,
... correlates to the phenomenon of epidermal browning and saguaro decline in Saguaro National Monument. Gas exchange characteristics, surface temperatures, and ... browning in tissues of both healthy and declining saguaro cacti (Carnegiea gigantea) at different solar orientations were ... plots in the Rincon Mountain District of the Saguaro National Monument near Tucson, Arizona during both wet ... related to browning indices. However, healthy tissues of saguaros that also had tissues with high browning indices ...
Tópico(s): Cassava research and cyanide
1997 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Arid Environments
Joshua L. Conver, Theresa Foley, Daniel E. Winkler, Don E. Swann,
We studied changes in a population of saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) cacti on a 259 ha plot in the northern Sonoran Desert (Saguaro National Park) that was first surveyed in 1941. With ... and measured the height of all detected individual saguaros. The total number of detected saguaros was 13,304 in 1941 and 9023 in ... smaller, younger individuals. Based on estimated years of saguaro establishment, a period of high establishment in the ... very low since. Comparisons with other long-term saguaro studies suggest that the dramatic demographic changes in ...
Tópico(s): Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
2017 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Arid Environments
Neda Zamani, Pamela Russell, Henrik Lantz, Marc P. Hoeppner, Jennifer R. S. Meadows, Nagarjun Vijay, Evan Mauceli, Federica Di Palma, Kerstin Lindblad‐Toh, Patric Jern, Manfred Grabherr,
... scale and in an automated fashion.We developed Saguaro, a combination of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) ... on simulated data, we demonstrate the utility of Saguaro by testing two different data sets: (i) 181 Dengue virus strains, and (ii) 5 primate genomes. Saguaro identifies regions under lineage-specific constraint for the ... the second dataset. Intriguingly for the primate data, Saguaro also classified an additional ~3% of the genome ... with both the innate and adaptive immune systems.Saguaro detects distinct cacti describing local phylogenetic relationships without ...
Tópico(s): Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
2013 - BioMed Central | BMC Genomics
Elizabeth A. Pierson, Rachel Turner, Julio L. Betancourt,
Ten saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) populations in the northern Sonoran Desert were monitored from 1959 to 2005 to discriminate how ... survivorship, age structure and regeneration trends. Thousands of saguaros were measured to determine site-specific growth rates ... rates were used to predict the ages of saguaros and reconstruct local and regional regeneration patterns back ... variability in regeneration rates. Averaged across the region, saguaro regeneration rates were highest from 1780 to 1860, ... century regeneration surges at some sites. Predictions of saguaro population dynamics in the 21st century likely will ...
Tópico(s): Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
2012 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Arid Environments
Lance S. Evans, April Jan B. Young, Sr. Joan Harnett,
Rates that stem surfaces of saguaro cacti (Carnegiea gigantea (Engelm.) Britt & Rose) accumulate scale and bark injuries and the mortality rates of cacti were determined on a population of 1149 saguaro cacti in 50 field plots over the 9- ... 1994 until 2002). Twenty-three percent of the saguaro population had few surface injuries throughout the 9- ... the study period. Finally, 20.3% of the saguaro population died over the 9-year period, a ... surfaces were usually associated with the death of saguaros. The annual mortality rate of 2.3% appears ...
Tópico(s): Plant Diversity and Evolution
2005 - Canadian Science Publishing | Canadian Journal of Botany
Blair O. Wolf, Carlos Martı́nez del Rio,
... briefly review our work on the interaction between saguaros, an archetypical CAM succulent, and the desert doves ... fruit. We then describe the potential importance of saguaro fruit as a function of its abundance, macronutrient ... availability. We argue that the resources provided by saguaros do much to satisfy the energy and water ... We then describe the carbon isotope composition of saguaros and of the plant community in which they ... review presents new data on the importance of saguaros for the entire community of birds that inhabit ...
Tópico(s): Cassava research and cyanide
2003 - Taylor & Francis | Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies
Because the growth rate of saguaros varies across different environments, past studies on saguaro population structure required extensive data collection (often over many decades) followed by site‐ ... this study, a formula was developed to establish saguaro age–height relationships (using stepwise regression) that can be applied to any saguaro population and only requires a site‐specific factor ... than the full analyses required for previous studies. Saguaro National Park East (SNP‐E) was used as ... little field sampling, the age of any individual saguaro (whether the individual was sampled or not) in ...
Tópico(s): Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
2003 - Wiley | American Journal of Botany
Paul C. Hardy, Michael L. Morrison,
... Elf Owl nests (n = 68) were located in saguaros (Carnegiea gigantea) with a density of 0.032 nest saguaros/ha. At the scale of the nesting area, the number of cavities in a saguaro was the most important variable influencing whether it ... selected for nesting; each additional cavity in a saguaro increased the odds it was selected by a ... of 4.4. Increasing the density of mature saguaros also increased the odds that an area was selected. At the scale of the nest saguaro, nest cavities were located in the main stem ...
Tópico(s): Species Distribution and Climate Change
2001 - | The Wilson Bulletin
Raymond M. Turner, Stanley M. Alcorn, George Olin, John Booth,
Experiments utilizing 3299 transplanted saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea [Engelm.] Britt. & Rose) seedlings were conducted at the Saguaro National Monument, Tucson, Arizona. The multiple-factor tests were designed to determine the effect upon saguaro establishment of shade, irrigation, and soil source. Shade ... as only one of many minor agents affecting saguaro seedling establishment. Saguaro populations, it was concluded, will be strongly influenced ... of shade-producing perennial plants with which the saguaro grows-forces like grazing and climatic change.
Tópico(s): Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
1966 - University of Chicago Press | Botanical Gazette
Kevin R. Hultine, David L. Dettman, David G. Williams, Raúl Puente, Nathan B. English, Bradley J. Butterfield, Alberto Búrquez,
Abstract Giant saguaro ( Carnegiea gigantea ) is one of the longest‐lived and massive cacti species in the Americas. They occur throughout ... temporal climate patterns are still poorly understood in saguaro, but are assumed to be largely coupled to ... better understand patterns of climate sensitivity in giant saguaro, annual stem growth, carbon isotope ratios (δ 13 ... mean atmospheric vapor pressure deficit. We hypothesized that saguaro growth and δ 13 C would be coupled ... on the photosynthesis, growth, and fitness of giant saguaro.
Tópico(s): Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
2018 - Wiley | Ecosphere
Adam C. Springer, Don E. Swann, Michael A. Crimmins,
... identified as a primary limiting factor for the saguaro cactus at high elevations in the southwestern United ... in minimum temperatures, it may be expected that saguaros will expand their elevational range. To better understand ... developed a logistic regression model to help explain saguaro presence along its current uppermost elevation. We find ... the occurrence of fire decreases the odds of saguaro presence by 78 percent. While less frequent freeze events could allow saguaros to push their current elevational limit, our model ...
Tópico(s): Botanical Research and Applications
2015 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Arid Environments
Lance S. Evans, Peter Boothe, Andrew Baez,
... Epidermal browning causes cactus morbidity and mortality of saguaro cacti. For this study, rates of morbidity and mortality of saguaro cacti (Carnegiea gigantea (Engelm.) Britt and Rose) were ... From 2002 to 2010, 16.5% of all saguaros died (increased mortality). During the same period, the ... program, was used to determine the characteristics of saguaros that predispose them to (1) die, (2) initiate ... mortality and morbidity for the population of 1061 saguaros from 2002 to 2010. Data from trough surfaces ...
Tópico(s): Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
2013 - | The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society