John Dugdale, Terry Pratchett, Barney Spender, Alec Hird, Matthew Wall, Barbara Hall, Judith O'Reilly Education Correspondent, Edward Owen, Christopher Morgan Religious Affairs Correspondent, David Levinson, Andrew Warshaw, Jon Swain, John Peter, Karen Christensen, Shanker Trivedi, Pam Barrett, Emma Moore, Amanda Ursell, Jonathan Miller, Sarath Toyne, T Staples, Lesley White, John Jay, Michael Madigan, Eric Poole, Gareth Walsh, Frank Whitford, Sheridan Morley, Ivo Tennant, P M, Ferdinand Mount, Allan Brown, G R, Tim Richards, Edin Hamzic, Nick Pitt, Frederic Raphael, Neil Wormald, Beverley D'silva, David James Smith, Andrew Sullivan, E Roberts, Clive Davis, Mary Wilson, Dr Roger Henderson, Kathy Brewis, John Carr-Brown, Edward Platt, Tony Allen-Mills, Simon Wilde, Martin James, Robert Sandall, Eleanor Mills, Anthony Sattin, Robert Winnett, Irwin Stelzer, Colin Kirkwood, Robert Hewison, Peter Wilson, Rabbi Julia Neuberger, David Dougill, Philip Flaxton, York Membery, John Gribbin, Tim Spurrier, John Evans, Glies Coren, Thrasy Petropoulos, Marian Martin, David Hewson, Tania Alexander, Margaret Coles, Jonathon Carr-Brown, Wayne Gordon, Margarette Driscoll, Bobby ROBSON's, Nigel Williams, Jeremy Clarkson, Hugh Canning, Edward Porter, Peter Conradi, David Cairns, Louise Taylor, John Waples Deputy City Editor, Stewart Lee, Robert Winner, Eben Black, Martin Bronstein, Kate, Dr Gary Kitchen, Phil Craigie, Kevin Connolly, Graham Otway, Mike Smith's, Nick Gardner, Emir Feisal, Jack Raeburn, Josh Salzmann, Phillip Oppenheim, Paul Ham, Stuart Wavell, Keith Douglas, Josephine Smit, Paul Donovan, Paul Moody, Frances Spalding, Sue Lawrence, Simon Mills, Uzi Mahnaiml, C Cotton, Smita Talati, Paul Driver, Derek Clements, Gavyn Davies, Michael Woodhead, Ann McFerran, Adam Novak, Nicholas Hellen, John Follain, Steven Downes, R R, Ian Hawkey, Shelley Von Strunckel, Christopher Morgan, David Leppard, Derek Courtnell, Bridget Freer, Dave Hannigan, Mark Edwards, Kirstie Hamilton, Jack Britton, Edward Griffin, Sarah Gracie, Julian Kossoff, Susan Clark, A Johnson, John Latsis, Christopher Hope, Phil Baker, Elspeth Burnside, Hugo Barnacle, David Watts, Anna Pasternak, Kathy Jager, Alan Combes, Russell Strode, Sue Reid, Raymond Keene, Ruth Lea, Cosmo Landesman, Christopher Goodwin, Margaret Forster, Luck Atkins, Helen Hawkins, Nick Cain, Harry Glenister, Michael Wright, Paul Nuki, Pierre Richterich Leeds, Rob Ryan, Claire Oldfield, Zoë Linkson, David Walsh, Marilyn Imi, Antonio Vitorino, John Stern, Mandy Francis, Bryan Appleyard, Lyon Eaton, Lois Rogers Medical Correspondent, Steven Paine, Dr A Brown, Ron Clarke, Peter Leslie, Mark Macaskill, Paul Kavanagh, Mark Prigg, Mr L M Lee, Janet Watts, Victoria O'brien, Nick Herbert Chief Executive, Roland White, T Ellington, Garth Alexander, Patrick Spalding, Stephen Bevan Environment Correspondent, Kevin Pratt, Terry Smith, Judith O'Reilly, Mark Franchetti, Ray Hutton, Jon Ungoed-Thomas, Kristie Hamilton City Editor, Tara Palmer-Tomkinson, Colin Lucas, Amanda Craig, Sean Hargrave, Christine Webb, Andy Collins, Michael Austin, Bob Davis, John Waples, Hunter Davies, Bob Wilson, Andrew North, A A Gill, Ann Lee, Matthew Campbell, Brian Glanville, David Hutcheon, Robert Barrie, Tom Robbins, Nadine Meisner, Jonathon Carr-Brown Political Reporter, Stephen Pettitt, Paul Hooper, Jonathan Leake Science Editor, Montague Keen, Kevin Goldstein-Jackson, Howard Jacobson, T L, Sally Kinnes, Andrew Lorenz, Delshad Karanjia, Naomi Caine, K Baker, Anne Rice, David Wickers, Roger Dobson, Tom Rhodes, Richard Harris, Malcolm Monteiro, Christine Ross, Alexander 'Skip', Mark Hodson, Andrew Frankel, Michael Lake, Christopher Higgins, Joe Lovejoy, Jonathan Futrell, Ray Perry, Rupert Steiner, Hugh Pearman, Sam Gilpon, Brian Pendreigh, Dan Cairns, Tony Israel, David Parsley, Phellm McAleer, Neil MacLean, Hugh Bradley, Simon Trump, Michelle Pamment, Joanna Simon, Stephen Boyd, India Knight, Waltham St Lawrence, Simon Wilde Cricket Correspondent, Sandy Gall, Simon Howard, Andrew Palmer, Dan Pearson, Dominic Rushe, Boris Schapiro,
... Open University The Sunday Times Ratpack Confidential by Shawn Levy The Sunday Times Concise Crossword No 595 ...
1999 - Gale Group | Sunday Times HA GDA
Eric T. Baldwin, Trevor van Eeuwen, David Hoyos, Arthur O. Zalevsky, Egor P. Tchesnokov, Roberto Sánchez, Bryant D. Miller, Luciano H. Di Stefano, Francesc X. Ruiz, Matthew Hancock, Esin Işik, Carlos Mendez‐Dorantes, Thomas Walpole, Charles E. Nichols, Paul Wan, Kirsi Riento, Rowan Halls-Kass, Martin Augustin, Alfred Lammens, A. Jestel, Paula Upla, Kera Xibinaku, Samantha Congreve, Maximiliaan Hennink, Kacper B. Rogala, A.M. Schneider, Jennifer E. Fairman, Shawn M. Christensen, Brian Desrosiers, Gregory S. Bisacchi, Oliver L. Saunders, Nafeeza Hafeez, Wenyan Miao, Rosana Kapeller, Dennis M. Zaller, Andrej Šali, Oliver Weichenrieder, Kathleen H. Burns, Matthias Götte, Michael P. Rout, Eddy Arnold, Benjamin Greenbaum, Donna L. Romero, John LaCava, Martin S. Taylor,
Abstract The LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposon is an ancient genetic parasite that has written around one-third of the human genome through a ‘copy and paste’ mechanism catalysed by its multifunctional enzyme, open reading frame 2 protein (ORF2p) 1 . ORF2p reverse transcriptase (RT) and endonuclease activities have been implicated in the pathophysiology of cancer 2,3 , autoimmunity 4,5 and ageing 6,7 , making ORF2p a potential therapeutic target. However, a lack of structural and mechanistic knowledge has hampered ...
Tópico(s): RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
2023 - Nature Portfolio | Nature
Giles Smith, Andrew Robson, Mr R. L. Oxfordshire, Gráinne Gilmore, James Kitchenham, Janice Turner, Simon Barnes Chief Sports Writer, John McNamara, Mary Ann Sieghart and Alexandra Frean, Jon Ashworth, Donald MacGillivray, Robert Cole, Matthew Syed, Douglas Adams, Andrew Pierce, Isabel Allende, Tom Fort, Val McDermid, Adam Sherwin Media Reporter, Greg Hurst Political Correspondent, Gary Duncan, Simon Barnes, Jane MacQuitty, Tim De Lisle, Peter Lansley, Jall Crawshaw, Patrick Bishop, Paul Hoggart, Adam Luck, Mark Souster, Geraldine Brooks, Richard Hobson, Joe Hyams, Clare Lazaro, Emma Cook, Philip Howard, Hannah Betts, Carol Midgley, David Read (Chairman and Director of Music), Hunter S. Thompson, Brian Widdowson, James Bone, James Ducker, Nic Hopkins, Hannah McGill, Rachel Campbell-Johnston, Nellam Berjee and Joe Bolger, Richard Irving, Jennifer Haigh, Lucia Van Der Post, Carl Mortished, Kaveh Solhekel, Stella Shamoon's, Martin Aston, Bob Stanley, Luke Rhinehart, The Times Team of Critics, Wendy Ide, SM, Philippa Gregory, Helan Rumbelow Political Correspondent, Nirpal Singh Dhaliwal, Philippe Naughton, Phill Yates, Clare Stewart, Giles Coren, Roger Smith, Rosie Millard, David Sharrock, George MacDonald Fraser, Antonia Senior, Ben Webster Transport Correspondent, Mark Griffiths, Rebecca Ley Michael Freeman, Stewart Tendler Crime Correspondent, Katherine Swift, Anthony Browne, Dominic Walsh, James Doran Wall Street Correspondent, Debra Craine, Nick Robinson Political Editor, Greg Watts, Allan Simmons, Dr Jane Collins, Daniel Finkelstein, Tim Reid, Simon Thurley, Jane Clarke, Erica Wagner, Literary Editor, Tom Gatti, Candida Crewe, Jo Morris, Helen Monks, Robin Young, Henry Hanning, Kenneth Johns, Jean-Dominique Bauby, Tracy Chevalier, Nick Wyke, Ian Belcher, Peter Davies, Tina Gaudoin, Phil Pratt, David Hands, Charles Bremner, Aggie Mackenzie, Genevieve Fox, Martin Palmer, Tim Teeman, Mrs Kimble, Sue Mallia, Derwent May, Arwa Haider, Kate Muir, Russell Kempson, Paula Hawkins, Lance Anisfield (Special Adviser), Peter Paphides, David Rowan, Christian Marclay, Mary Gold, Daniel McGrory, Jerome Burne, Oliver Kay, Nigel Williamson, Azar Nafisi, Stephen Anderton, Amber Cowan, Katie Hickman, Laurie Graham, Lisa Grainger, Mark Atherton, Jack Shamash, John Westerby, Lisa Armstrong, David Lawrenson, Chris Power, Shawn Levy, Neel Mukherjee, David Baddiel, Simon de Bruxelles, Rob Wright, Carol Shields, Peter Bannister, Magnus Grimond, Rebeca O' Connor, David Powell Athletics Correspondent, Spike Milligan, Nathaniel Philbrick, Raymond Keene, AJ, P. D. L. Surrey, Adam Sage, Giles Goren, Matthew Pryor, Richard Brass, Gordon Ramsay, Salley Vickers, Amitav Ghosh, Christine Buckley Industrial Editor, Ginny McGrath and Tom Chesshyre, Norman Webb, Rosemary Bennett Deputy Political Editor, Amir Aczel, Amanda J. Bird, Caroline Merrell, Neville Scott, Helen Rumbelow Political Correspondent, Brian Doyle, Paul Miller, Gerard Barker, Richard Owen, Kate Winslet, Catherine H. M. Phillips, Christopher Martin-Jenkins Chief Cricket Correspondent, Mick Hume, Erica Wagner, Roger Boyes, Douglas McPherson, Nick Hasell, McGregor, Brendian Benson, Graham Searjeant Personal Investor, Jonathan Self, Margaret Reynolds, David Hands Rugby Correspondent, Tony Cascarino, John Fredrick, Victoria O'brien, Paul Simons, Chris Condron, Alan Lee Racing Journalist of the Year, Michelle Henery, Nell Harman Tennis Correspondent, Joanna Pitman, James Doran, Tosin Sulaiman, Emily MacKay, David Eyre, Robert Crampton, Renata Rubnikowicz, Bob Pritchard, Tim Hames, Mel Webb, Richard Rae, Julie Burchill, Deborah King, Roderick Strange, Matthew Parris, Tamara Beckwith, George Caulkin, Russell Jenkins, Caitlin Moran, John Angerson, Adrian Lester, Sheila Keating, Iain Finlayson, Peter Riddell, Ben MacIntyre, R. Malley, John Wilson, John Goodbody Sports News Correspondent, Tony Dawe, Bess Twiston Davies, Robert Downey, Alison Gibson, Jack Malvern Arts Reporter, John Naish, Anne Ashworth Personal Finance Editor, Mark Henderson, Michael Horsnell, Peter Melchett, Chris Ayres, Patrick Foster, Laura Peek, Sarah Butler, Benedict Nightingale, Darian Leader, John F. Smith, Helena Christensen, Dr Thomas Stuttaford, Stephen Dalton, Ben Hoyle, Alyson Rudd, Oliver Cromwell, John Harris, Tom Chesshyre, Paul Connolly, James Christopher, Valerie Grove, Adam Sherwin, Richard Redden, Simon Crompton, Andy Bowles, Peter Ralph, Philip Oltermann, Tom Baldwin and Jill Sherman, G. Rides, Hught Johnson, David Charter, Philip Webster and Christine Buckley, Owen Slot, Siobhan Dolan, Cath Urquhart Travel Editor, Oliver Bennett, Will Hide, Charles Kennedy, Jenny Davey, Jonathan Franzen, Peter Klinger, Sam Lister Health Correspondent, Patience Wheatcroft, David Hollingsworth, Lisa Verrico, Irma Kurtz, Ian Watson,
... foodies. Lisa Grainger and model turned photographer Helena Christensen went to investigate Brittany Ferries The Last Picture ...
2005 - Gale Group | TDA
Pei‐Cheng Huang, Morgan Tate, Katherine M. Berg‐Falloure, Shawn A. Christensen, Jinglan Zhang, Jan Schirawski, Robert Meeley, Michael V. Kolomiets,
Peroxisome-localized oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) reductases (OPR) are enzymes converting 12-OPDA into jasmonic acid (JA). However, the biochemical and physiological functions of the cytoplasmic non-JA producing OPRs remain largely unknown. Here, we generated Mutator-insertional mutants of the maize OPR2 gene and tested its role in resistance to pathogens with distinct lifestyles. Functional analyses showed that the opr2 mutants were more susceptible to the (hemi)biotrophic pathogens Colletotrichum ...
Tópico(s): Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
2023 - Wiley | Molecular Plant Pathology
Shankar R. Pant, Sonia Irigoyen, Jiaxing Liu, Renesh Bedre, Shawn A. Christensen, Eric A. Schmelz, John C. Sedbrook, Karen‐Beth G. Scholthof, Kranthi K. Mandadi,
Although the role of plant defense mechanisms against viruses are relatively well studied in dicots and in incompatible plant-microbe interactions, studies of their roles in compatible interactions and in grasses are lagging behind. In this study, we leveraged the emerging grass model Brachypodium and genetic resources to dissect Panicum mosaic virus (PMV)- and its satellite virus (SPMV)-compatible grass-virus interactions.
Tópico(s): Plant Parasitism and Resistance
2021 - American Society for Microbiology | mBio
Shawn M. Christensen, Ivan Munkres, Rachel L. Vannette,
Many organisms consume pollen, yet mechanisms of its digestion remain a fundamental enigma in pollination biology,1-3 as pollen is protected by a recalcitrant outer shell.4-8 Pollen is commonly found in floral nectar,9,10 as are nectar microbes, which are nearly ubiquitous among flowers.11-13 Nectar specialist bacteria, like Acinetobacter, can reach high densities (up to 109 cells/mL), despite the fact that floral nectar is nitrogen poor.14-17 Here, we show evidence that the genus Acinetobacter, ...
Tópico(s): Plant Parasitism and Resistance
2021 - Elsevier BV | Current Biology
Shawn A. Christensen, E’lysse A. Santana, Hans T. Alborn, Anna K. Block, Casey A. Chamberlain,
Tópico(s): Plant Virus Research Studies
2021 - Springer Science+Business Media | Metabolomics
Saet‐Byul Kim, Lisa Van den Broeck, Shailesh Karre, Hoseong Choi, Shawn A. Christensen, Guan‐Feng Wang, Yeonhwa Jo, Won Kyong Cho, Peter Balint‐Kurti,
Abstract Common rust, caused by Puccinia sorghi , is a widespread and destructive disease of maize. The Rp1‐D gene confers resistance to the P. sorghi IN2 isolate, mediating a hypersensitive cell death response (HR). To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and metabolites associated with the compatible (susceptible) interaction and with Rp1‐D ‐mediated resistance in maize, we performed transcriptomics and targeted metabolome analyses of P. sorghi IN2‐infected leaves from the near‐isogenic lines ...
Tópico(s): Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
2021 - Wiley | Molecular Plant Pathology
Zachary Gorman, Shawn A. Christensen, Yuanxin Yan, Yongming He, Eli J. Borrego, Michael V. Kolomiets,
Abstract Colletotrichum graminicola is a hemibiotrophic fungus that causes anthracnose leaf blight (ALB) and anthracnose stalk rot (ASR) in maize. Despite substantial economic losses caused by these diseases, the defence mechanisms against this pathogen remain poorly understood. Several hormones are suggested to aid in defence against C. graminicola , such as jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), but supporting genetic evidence was not reported. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are a group of well‐characterized ...
Tópico(s): Plant Parasitism and Resistance
2020 - Wiley | Molecular Plant Pathology
Yezhang Ding, Philipp Weckwerth, Elly Poretsky, Katherine M. Murphy, James W. Sims, Evan Saldivar, Shawn A. Christensen, Si Nian Char, Bing Yang, Anh-dao Tong, Zhouxin Shen, Karl A. Kremling, Edward S. Buckler, Thomas J. Y. Kono, David R. Nelson, Jörg Bohlmann, Matthew G. Bakker, Martha Vaughan, Ahmed Khalil, Mariam Betsiashvili, Keini Dressano, Tobias G. Köllner, Steven P. Briggs, Philipp Zerbe, Eric A. Schmelz, Alisa Huffaker,
Tópico(s): Transgenic Plants and Applications
2020 - Nature Portfolio | Nature Plants
Jessica P. Yactayo‐Chang, Hoang V. Tang, Jorrel Mendoza, Shawn A. Christensen, Anna K. Block,
Insect pests cause significant global agricultural damage and lead to major financial and environmental costs. Crops contain intrinsic defenses to protect themselves from such pests, including a wide array of specialized secondary metabolite-based defense chemicals. These chemicals can be induced upon attack (phytoalexins) or are constitutive (phytoanticipins), and can have a direct impact on the pests or be used indirectly to attract their natural enemies. They form part of a global arms race between ...
Tópico(s): Insect Pest Control Strategies
2020 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | Agronomy
Nicholas Gladman, Yinping Jiao, Young Koung Lee, Lifang Zhang, Ratan Chopra, Michael Regulski, Gloria Burow, Chad Hayes, Shawn A. Christensen, Lavanya Dampanaboina, Junping Chen, John Burke, Doreen Ware, Zhanguo Xin,
As in other cereal crops, the panicles of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) comprise two types of floral spikelets (grass flowers). Only sessile spikelets (SSs) are capable of producing viable grains, whereas pedicellate spikelets (PSs) cease development after initiation and eventually abort. Consequently, grain number per panicle (GNP) is lower than the total number of flowers produced per panicle. The mechanism underlying this differential fertility is not well understood. To investigate this issue, ...
Tópico(s): Plant Virus Research Studies
2019 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Yijian He, Shailesh Karre, Gurmukh S. Johal, Shawn A. Christensen, Peter Balint‐Kurti,
The hypersensitive defense response (HR) in plants is a fast, localized necrotic response around the point of pathogen ingress. HR is usually triggered by a pathogen recognition event mediated by a nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein. The autoactive maize NLR gene Rp1-D21 confers a spontaneous HR response in the absence of pathogen recognition. Previous work identified a set of loci associated with variation in the strength of Rp1-D21-induced HR. A polygalacturonase gene homolog, ...
Tópico(s): Plant tissue culture and regeneration
2019 - BioMed Central | BMC Plant Biology
Yezhang Ding, Katherine M. Murphy, Elly Poretsky, Sibongile Mafu, Bing Yang, Si Nian Char, Shawn A. Christensen, Evan Saldivar, Mengxi Wu, Qiang Wang, Lexiang Ji, Robert J. Schmitz, Karl A. Kremling, Edward S. Buckler, Zhouxin Shen, Steven P. Briggs, Jörg Bohlmann, Andrew C. Sher, Gabriel Castro‐Falcón, Chambers C. Hughes, Alisa Huffaker, Philipp Zerbe, Eric A. Schmelz,
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
2019 - Nature Portfolio | Nature Plants
Lavanya Dampanaboina, Yinping Jiao, Junping Chen, Nicholas Gladman, Ratan Chopra, Gloria Burow, Chad Hayes, Shawn A. Christensen, John Burke, Doreen Ware, Zhanguo Xin,
Grain number per panicle is an important component of grain yield in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)) and other cereal crops. Previously, we reported that mutations in multi-seeded 1 (MSD1) and MSD2 genes result in a two-fold increase in grain number per panicle due to the restoration of the fertility of the pedicellate spikelets, which invariably abort in natural sorghum accessions. Here, we report the identification of another gene, MSD3, which is also involved in the regulation of grain numbers in ...
Tópico(s): Plant Virus Research Studies
2019 - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Anna K. Block, Charles T. Hunter, Scott E. Sattler, Caitlin C. Rering, Samantha M. McDonald, Gilles J. Basset, Shawn A. Christensen,
Abstract To grow and thrive plants must be able to adapt to both adverse environmental conditions and attack by a variety of pests. Elucidating the sophisticated mechanisms plants have developed to achieve this has been the focus of many studies. What is less well understood is how plants respond when faced with multiple stressors simultaneously. In this study, we assess the response of Zea mays (maize) to the combinatorial stress of flooding and infestation with the insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda ( ...
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
2019 - Wiley | Plant Cell & Environment
Charles T. Hunter, Jonathan W. Saunders, Maria Magallanes‐Lundback, Shawn A. Christensen, Denis S. Willett, P. S. Stinard, Qin‐Bao Li, Kwang‐Hee Lee, Dean DellaPenna, Karen E. Koch,
Maize white seedling 3 (w3) has been used to study carotenoid deficiency for almost 100 years, although the molecular basis of the mutation has remained unknown. Here we show that the w3 phenotype is caused by disruption of the maize gene for homogentisate solanesyl transferase (HST), which catalyzes the first and committed step in plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) biosynthesis in the plastid. The resulting PQ-9 deficiency prohibits photosynthetic electron transfer and eliminates PQ-9 as an oxidant in the enzymatic ...
Tópico(s): Coenzyme Q10 studies and effects
2018 - Wiley | The Plant Journal
Yinping Jiao, Young Koung Lee, Nicholas Gladman, Ratan Chopra, Shawn A. Christensen, Michael Regulski, Gloria Burow, Chad Hayes, John Burke, Doreen Ware, Zhanguo Xin,
Grain number per panicle (GNP) is a major determinant of grain yield in cereals. However, the mechanisms that regulate GNP remain unclear. To address this issue, we isolate a series of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] multiseeded (msd) mutants that can double GNP by increasing panicle size and altering floral development so that all spikelets are fertile and set grain. Through bulk segregant analysis by next-generation sequencing, we identify MSD1 as a TCP (Teosinte branched/Cycloidea/PCF) transcription ...
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
2018 - Nature Portfolio | Nature Communications
K. Chandrasekhar, Reut Shavit, Assaf Distelfeld, Shawn A. Christensen, Vered Tzin,
Infestation of Triticum (wheat) plants by their pest Rhopalosiphum maidis (corn leaf aphid) causes severe vegetative damage. Despite the agro-economic importance of wheat, the metabolic diversity of Triticum turgidum (tetraploid wheat) in response to aphid attack has not been sufficiently addressed. In this study, we compared the metabolic diversity of two tetraploid wheat genotypes, domesticated and wild emmer. The plants were grown in a control growth room and infested with aphids for 96 h. Our untargeted ...
Tópico(s): Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
2018 - Taylor & Francis | Plant Signaling & Behavior
John J. Beck, Hans T. Alborn, Anna K. Block, Shawn A. Christensen, Charles T. Hunter, Caitlin C. Rering, Irmgard Seidl‐Adams, Charles Stuhl, Baldwyn Torto, James H. Tumlinson,
The last 2 decades have witnessed a sustained increase in the study of plant-emitted volatiles and their role in plant–insect, plant–microbe, and plant–plant interactions. While each of these binary systems involves complex chemical and biochemical processes between two organisms, the progression of increasing complexity of a ternary system (i.e., plant–insect–microbe), and the study of a ternary system requires nontrivial planning. This planning can include an experimental design that factors in ...
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
2018 - American Chemical Society | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Shawn A. Christensen, James W. Sims, Martha Vaughan, Charles T. Hunter, Anna K. Block, Denis S. Willett, Hans T. Alborn, Alisa Huffaker, Eric A. Schmelz,
Plant defense research is facilitated by the use of genome-sequenced inbred lines; however, a foundational knowledge of interactions in commercial hybrids remains relevant to understanding mechanisms present in crops. Using an array of commercial maize hybrids, we quantified the accumulation patterns of defense-related metabolites and phytohormones in tissues challenged with diverse fungal pathogens. Across hybrids, Southern leaf blight (Cochliobolus heterostrophus) strongly elicited specific sesqui- ...
Tópico(s): Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
2018 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Experimental Botany
Anna K. Block, Charles T. Hunter, Caitlin C. Rering, Shawn A. Christensen, Robert L. Meagher,
Tópico(s): Plant Virus Research Studies
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Planta
Anna K. Block, Martha Vaughan, Eric A. Schmelz, Shawn A. Christensen,
Tópico(s): Insect Pest Control Strategies
2018 - Springer Science+Business Media | Planta
Anna K. Block, Shawn A. Christensen, Charles T. Hunter, Hans T. Alborn,
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be elicited by many forms of stress, including pathogen attack, abiotic stress, damage and insect infestation. Perception of microbe- or damage-associated elicitors triggers an ROS burst in many plant species; however, the impact of herbivore fatty-acid amides on ROS elicitation remains largely unexplored. In this study we show that the lepidopteran-derived fatty-acid amide elicitor N-linolenoyl-L-glutamine (GLN18:3) can induce a ROS burst in multiple plant species. ...
Tópico(s): Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
2017 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Experimental Botany
Jacqueline Meyer, Dave K. Berger, Shawn A. Christensen, Shane Murray,
Cercospora zeina is a foliar pathogen responsible for maize grey leaf spot in southern Africa that negatively impacts maize production. Plants use a variety of chemical and structural mechanisms to defend themselves against invading pathogens such as C. zeina, including the production of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties. In maize, a variety of biotic and abiotic stressors induce the accumulation of the terpenoid phytoalexins, zealexins and kauralexins. C. zeina-susceptible line ...
Tópico(s): Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
2017 - BioMed Central | BMC Plant Biology
Vered Tzin, Yuko Hojo, Susan R. Strickler, Lee Julia Bartsch, Cairo M. Archer, Kevin R. Ahern, Shaoqun Zhou, Shawn A. Christensen, Ivan Gális, Lukas A. Mueller, Georg Jander,
Insects such as the beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) cause extensive damage to maize (Zea mays). Maize plants respond by triggering defense signaling, changes in gene expression, and biosynthesis of specialized metabolites. Leaves of maize inbred line B73, which has an available genome sequence, were infested with S. exigua for 1 to 24 h, followed by comparisons of the transcript and metabolite profiles with those of uninfested controls. The most extensive gene expression responses occurred rapidly, ...
Tópico(s): Insect Resistance and Genetics
2017 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Experimental Botany
Shawn A. Christensen, Alisa Huffaker, James W. Sims, Charles T. Hunter, Anna K. Block, Martha Vaughan, Denis S. Willett, Maritza Romero, John E. Mylroie, W. Paul Williams, Eric A. Schmelz,
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Planta
Martha Vaughan, Anna K. Block, Shawn A. Christensen, L. H. Allen, Eric A. Schmelz,
Tópico(s): Plant Parasitism and Resistance
2017 - Springer Science+Business Media | Phytochemistry Reviews
Anna K. Block, Martha Vaughan, Shawn A. Christensen, Hans T. Alborn, James H. Tumlinson,
Abstract Terpene volatiles produced by sweet corn ( Zea mays ) upon infestation with pests such as beet armyworm ( Spodoptera exigua ) function as part of an indirect defence mechanism by attracting parasitoid wasps; yet little is known about the impact of climate change on this form of plant defence. To investigate how a central component of climate change affects indirect defence, we measured herbivore‐induced volatile emissions in plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). We found that S. exigua ...
Tópico(s): Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
2017 - Wiley | Plant Cell & Environment
Nanette Christie, Alexander A. Myburg, Fourie Joubert, Shane Murray, Maryke Carstens, Yao‐Cheng Lin, Jacqueline Meyer, B.G. Crampton, Shawn A. Christensen, Jean Felistas Ntuli, Sara Wighard, Yves Van de Peer, Dave K. Berger,
Summary We used a systems genetics approach to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the responses of maize to grey leaf spot ( GLS ) disease caused by Cercospora zeina , a threat to maize production globally. Expression analysis of earleaf samples in a subtropical maize recombinant inbred line population ( CML 444 × SC Malawi) subjected in the field to C. zeina infection allowed detection of 20 206 expression quantitative trait loci ( eQTL s). Four trans ‐ eQTL hotspots coincided with GLS disease QTL s mapped ...
Tópico(s): Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
2016 - Wiley | The Plant Journal