Hendrikje Nienborg, Andrea R. Hasenstaub, Ian Nauhaus, Hiroki Taniguchi, Z. Josh Huang, Edward M. Callaway,
... Our findings are compatible with the notion that SOM⁺ neurons mediate surround suppression, particularly in deeper cortex, whereas PV⁺ activation ...
Tópico(s): Visual perception and processing mechanisms
2013 - Society for Neuroscience | Journal of Neuroscience
Andreas Keller, Mario Dipoppa, Morgane Roth, Matthew S. Caudill, Alessandro Ingrosso, Kenneth D. Miller, Massimo Scanziani,
... suppression of excitatory neurons. However, when stimulus and surround differ, VIP neurons are active, inhibiting SOM neurons, which leads to relief of excitatory neurons ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
2020 - Cell Press | Neuron
Alison J. Barker, Herwig Baier,
... al. (2012) describe a somatostatin-expressing interneuron population (SOMs) that confers surround suppression on layer II/III pyramidal cells in mouse V1. Strikingly both the SINs and the SOMs, display size-dependent response properties. Increasing visual stimulus ...
Tópico(s): Retinal Development and Disorders
2013 - Frontiers Media | Frontiers in Neural Circuits
Hillel Adesnik, William Bruns, Hiroki Taniguchi, Z. Josh Huang, Massimo Scanziani,
... cortex increases with stimulation of the receptive-field surround. This difference results from the preferential excitation of SOMs by horizontal cortical axons. By perturbing the activity of SOMs, we show that these neurons contribute to pyramidal cells' surround suppression. These results establish a cortical circuit for surround suppression and attribute a particular function to a genetically defined type of inhibitory neuron. The activity of somatostatin-expressing inhibitory neurons (SOMs) in the superficial layers of the mouse visual ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
2012 - Nature Portfolio | Nature
Ivan Marchionni, Nadia Pilati, Angelo Forli, Michele Sessolo, Angelita Tottene, Daniela Pietrobon,
... prevail in certain conditions. Considering the involvement of SOM INs in γ oscillations, surround suppression and context-dependent sensory perception, the facilitated recruitment of SOM INs, together with the enhanced recurrent excitation, may ...
Tópico(s): Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
2022 - Society for Neuroscience | Journal of Neuroscience
Anna Lakunina, Matthew B. Nardoci, Yashar Ahmadian, Santiago Jaramillo,
... but not PV+ cells, significantly reduces sustained spectral surround suppression in excitatory cells, indicating a dominant causal role for SOM+ cells in the integration of information across multiple ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Music Perception
2020 - Society for Neuroscience | Journal of Neuroscience
... the E and I underlying size tuning, explaining SOM neurons' role in surround suppression. These data imply that contrast and size ...
Tópico(s): Visual perception and processing mechanisms
2017 - Cell Press | Neuron
Fengling Li, Weiqian Jiang, Tian-Yi Wang, Taorong Xie, Haishan Yao,
... performance, the sensitivity of V1 neurons to RF-surround phase difference could be influenced by stimulus contrast. Furthermore, inhibiting V1 by optogenetically activating either parvalbumin (PV)- or somatostatin (SOM)-expressing inhibitory neurons both decreased the behavioral performance of figure detection. Thus, the phase-specific surround suppression in V1 represents a neural correlate of ...
Tópico(s): Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
2018 - Elsevier BV | Neuroscience
Jeffry M. Cesario, André Landin Malt, Jong Uk Chung, Michael P. Khairallah, Krishnakali Dasgupta, Kesava Asam, Lindsay J. Deacon, Veronica Choi, Asma Almaidhan, Nadine A. Darwiche, Jimin Kim, Randy L. Johnson, Juhee Jeong,
... develops from a layer of head mesenchyme that surrounds the brain from shortly after mid-gestation. The mesenchyme just above the eye (supra-orbital mesenchyme, SOM) generates ossification centers for the bones, which then ...
Tópico(s): Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
2018 - Elsevier BV | Developmental Biology
Bruce Hewitson, Robert G. Crane,
Abstract This paper discusses issues that surround the development of empirical downscaling techniques as context for presenting a new approach based on self‐organizing maps (SOMs). The technique is applied to the downscaling of daily precipitation over South Africa. SOMs are used to characterize the state of the ...
Tópico(s): Hydrology and Drought Analysis
2006 - Wiley | International Journal of Climatology
Jiří Kučerík, Pavel Ondruch, Yamuna Kunhi Mouvenchery, Gabriele E. Schaumann,
... to the pure water phase. The latter either surrounds the WaMB and destabilizes it or, for higher water content, links individual WaMB and successively reduces their stabilizing effect. Formation of phase water leads to swelling processes including plasticizing effects and potential volume changes of SOM. Accordingly, the results suggest that at lower water ...
Tópico(s): Covalent Organic Framework Applications
2018 - American Chemical Society | Langmuir
Irina I. Stoyanova, Christo Chouchkov, Dietrich W. Scheuermann,
... or VIP-immunopositive neuronal processes were found to surround immunonegative ganglionic cells but their origin is not in the ganglion. Only single FB-marked cells were VIP-immunopositive. SP- and SOM-immunoreactive amounted respectively to 2.28% and 3. ...
Tópico(s): Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
1997 - Elsevier BV | Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger
Ashok Litwin-Kumar, Robert Rosenbaum, Brent Doiron,
... inhibitory model cortical networks with parvalbumin (PV)-, somatostatin (SOM)-, and vasointestinal peptide-expressing (VIP) interneurons, with connectivity properties motivated by experimental recordings from mouse primary visual cortex. Our theory describes conditions under which the activity of such networks is stable and how perturbations of distinct neuronal subtypes recruit changes in activity through recurrent synaptic projections. We apply these conclusions to study the roles of each interneuron subtype in disinhibition, surround suppression, and subtractive or divisive modulation of orientation ...
Tópico(s): Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
2016 - American Physiological Society | Journal of Neurophysiology
Kyeongtak Song, Erik A. Wikstrom,
... a sway-referencing force plate and/or visual surround. Similarly, the Clinical Test for Sensory Interaction and ... into a platform base and a movable visual surround. The SOT protocol produces sensory conflicts by systematically ... information. During SOT sway-referenced conditions, the visual surround (conditions 3 and 6) and the support surface ( ... calculated sensory analysis ratio scores for the somatosensory (SOM), visual (VIS), and vestibular (VEST) system by dividing ... overall composite time score and sensory analysis ratios (SOM, VIS, VEST, and PREF) were calculated using the ...
Tópico(s): Tendon Structure and Treatment
2020 - | Athletic Training & Sports Health Care
... sheath of vital bone, called an involucrum, which surrounds the dead cortical bone [17, 19]. The involucrum ...
Tópico(s): Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
2021 - Wiley | Apmis
Urszula Piskurewicz, Veronika Turečková, Éric Lacombe, Luis Lopez‐Molina,
... which the endosperm, a single layer of cells, surrounds the embryo (Debeaujon et al, 2000). Arabidopsis seed ... repression involves (1) GAI and RGA, (2) SOMNUS (SOM), a CCCH-type zinc-finger protein also repressing ... PIL5 activates the transcription of GAI, RGA and SOM genes by directly binding to their promoter sequences. ... not been addressed. First, ga1/pil5 (and ga1/som) double mutants cannot germinate under FR conditions, suggesting ... investigated. Third, the nature of the PIL5- and SOM-dependent regulation of the expression of genes involved ...
Tópico(s): Plant Molecular Biology Research
2009 - Springer Nature | The EMBO Journal
Krishnakali Dasgupta, Jong Uk Chung, Kesava Asam, Juhee Jeong,
... head of an embryo, a layer of mesenchyme surrounds the brain underneath the surface ectoderm. This cranial ... the head just above the eye (supraorbital mesenchyme, SOM), but not from the mesenchyme apical to SOM (early migrating mesenchyme, EMM). However, the molecular basis ... question, we compared the transcriptomes of EMM and SOM using high-throughput sequencing (RNA-seq). This experiment ... genes that were differentially expressed in EMM and SOM, and gene ontology analyses found very different terms ...
Tópico(s): Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
2019 - Elsevier BV | Developmental Biology
Manimekalai M. Thiyagarajan, RoseAnn P. Stracquatanio, Alexey Pronin, Daniel Evanko, Jeffrey Benovic, Philip Wedegaertner,
... number of the basic residues are predicted to surround the hydrophobic patch. Thus, an amphipathic helical membrane ... Lys548, Lys556, and Arg557, that are predicted to surround the hydrophobic patch (Fig. 1C) were changed to ... of the soluble substrate tubulin (21Carman C.V. Som T. Kim C.M. Benovic J.L. J. ...
Tópico(s): Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
2004 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Gerd Meyer zu Hörste, Catharina C. Groß, Luisa Klotz, Nicholas Schwab, Heinz Wiendl,
... by analyzing the CSF: a protective liquid that surrounds the CNS and transports leukocytes [18.Engelhardt B. ...
Tópico(s): Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
2020 - Elsevier BV | Trends in Immunology
Ann M. Graybiel, FC Liu, Stephen B. Dunnett,
... patches (P regions) in a larger AChE-poor surround (NP regions). Neurons labeled with 3H-thymidine appeared ... immunostaining, metenkephalin (mENK) immunostaining, and, more rarely, somatostatin (SOM) immunostaining. In the NP regions, however, medium-sized ... with well-ramified, densely stained dendrites, (2) large, SOM-positive neurons with prominent dendritic trees, and (3) ...
Tópico(s): Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
1989 - Society for Neuroscience | Journal of Neuroscience
Li Basuino, Ambre Jousselin, J. Andrew N. Alexander, N.C.J. Strynadka, Mariana G. Pinho, Henry F. Chambers, Som S. Chatterjee,
... up-regulate its expression and missense mutations that surround PBP4's active site were detected in high ...
Tópico(s): Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
2018 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Ming-Yuan Su, Nilanjan Som, Chia-Yun Wu, Shih-Chieh Su, Yi-Ting Kuo, Lu-Chu Ke, Meng‐Ru Ho, Shiou‐Ru Tzeng, Ching‐Hao Teng, Dominique Mengin‐Lecreulx, Manjula Reddy, Chung‐I Chang,
... highly cross-linked, protective mesh-like sacculus that surrounds the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. Expansion of PG is ...
Tópico(s): Protein Structure and Dynamics
2017 - Nature Portfolio | Nature Communications
Xue Yan Yam, Cecilia Birago, Federica Fratini, Francesco Girolamo, Carla Raggi, Massimo Sargiacomo, Angela Bachi, Laurence Berry, Gamou Fall, Chiara Currà, Elisabetta Pizzi, Catherine Braun Breton, Marta Ponzi,
... salinePMplasmepsinPVMparasitophorous vacuole membraneRBCred blood cellSPsignal peptideTMtransmembrane domain. which surrounds the parasite throughout the erythrocytic cycle, is the ... helices were predicted using TMHMM 2.0. GPI-SOM was used to predict the GPI-anchor addition. ...
Tópico(s): Mosquito-borne diseases and control
2013 - Elsevier BV | Molecular & Cellular Proteomics
... thought of as a kind of growling that surrounds the basic guitar tone—a series of somewhat ...
Tópico(s): Diverse Musicological Studies
2005 - Taylor & Francis | Popular Music & Society
... structure comprising a bilayered phospholipid (PL) membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm (inner membrane or IM) and an ...
Tópico(s): Protein Structure and Dynamics
2023 - National Academy of Sciences | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Andrea R. Hasenstaub, Edward M. Callaway,
... neurons or to randomly selected neurons in the surround. They found that 5 of the 11 PV ...
Tópico(s): Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
2010 - Cell Press | Neuron
José Cláudio Siqueira Castanheira,
... modelo sonoro monofônico para um estereofônico e, posteriormente, surround – demonstram uma experiência guiada pela ideia de imersão. Novas mídias digitais criam novas demandas cognitivas. Um maior engajamento do corpo é requerido. As ideias de cinema como evento, de um novo espaço idealizado pelas tecnologias de som ou de um espaço sonoro compacto, por autores ...
Tópico(s): Literature, Culture, and Aesthetics
2011 - | Revista de Estudos da Comunicação
Rina Takahashi, Noriko Yata, Tomoharu Nagao,
... how many candidate optimum solutions are in the SOM map. The “soluiton feature” means what kind of features the candidate optimum solutions have. We prepare six features as these “soluiton feature”s. Prepared features are “Dimension”, “Surround”, “Difference”, “Vector”, “Fourier” and “Wavelet”. We compare our ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Algorithms and Applications
2011 - | IEEJ Transactions on Electronics Information and Systems
... Captain is constantly challenged by the women who surround him with metaphysical visions. Hence, the struggle for ... det är, men det är inte riktigt, det som nu tildrar sig—Skrik inifrån våningen. Vad är det! Vem är det som skriker! (Strindberg 1984, 38)THE CAPTAIN. Help me! ... RYTTMÄSTARN. Ser du icke att jag är hjälplös som ett barn, hör du icke hur jag beklagar ...
Tópico(s): Kierkegaardian Philosophy and Influence
2022 - University of Illinois Press | Scandinavian Studies
... spirit, while Johannes does so in order to surround himself with an inspiring environment to help him ... two lips, and describing it as “en sol som lynte mot en stjerne” (Hamsun 1964, 24) [“a ...
Tópico(s): Literature, Film, and Journalism Analysis
2022 - University of Illinois Press | Scandinavian Studies