National Library of Medicine (NCBI)
Rabih O. Darouiche, Mohammad D. Mansouri, Purushottam V. Gawande, Srinivasa Madhyastha,
... to examine: (i) synergy of the combination of triclosan and DispersinB® (DspB); (ii) in vitro efficacy and durability of triclosan + DspB-coated vascular catheters; and (iii) in vivo efficacy of triclosan + DspB-coated catheters compared with chlorhexidine–silver sulfadiazine ( ... the potential synergistic antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of triclosan and DspB by biofilm assays. The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of triclosan + DspB-coated catheters was determined by microbial colonization ... plate transfer method. The in vivo efficacy of triclosan + DspB-coated catheters compared with CH-SS-coated ...
Tópico(s): Antibiotic Use and Resistance
2009 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Lei Zhu, Jinshui Lin, Jincheng Ma, John E. Cronan, Haihong Wang,
Triclosan, a very widely used biocide, specifically inhibits fatty acid synthesis by inhibition of enoyl-acyl carrier ... ACP) reductase. Escherichia coli FabI is the prototypical triclosan-sensitive enoyl-ACP reductase, and E. coli is ... the biocide. However, other bacteria are resistant to triclosan, because they encode triclosan-resistant enoyl-ACP reductase isozymes. In contrast, the triclosan resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 has been attributed ... FabI homologue plus a homologue of FabV, a triclosan-resistant enoyl-ACP reductase recently demonstrated in Vibrio ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
2009 - American Society for Microbiology | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Marcella McBride, Karl Malcolm, A. David Woolfson, Sean P. Gorman,
... incorporation of non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents such as triclosan into the biomaterial matrix may reduce bacterial adhesion. ... sustained release antimicrobial device biomaterial. The influence of triclosan incorporation and degree of pegylation on antimicrobial release, ... silicone elastomers provided an increased percentage release of triclosan extending over a relatively short duration (99% release ... non-pegylated silicone elastomer containing 1% w/w triclosan was reduced by over 99% after 24 h ... to the non-pegylated silicone elastomer containing no triclosan. No viable S. epidermidis adhered to any of ...
Tópico(s): Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
2009 - Elsevier BV | Biomaterials
Yagang Chen, Borui Pi, Hua Zhou, Yunsong Yu, Lanjuan Li,
The susceptibility to triclosan of 732 clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates obtained from 25 hospitals in 16 cities in China from December 2004 to ... was screened by using an agar dilution method. Triclosan MICs ranged between 0.015 and 16 mg ... lower than the actual in-use concentration of triclosan. Twenty triclosan-resistant isolates (MICs >or=1 mg l(-1)) ... elucidate the resistance mechanism of A. baumannii to triclosan. The resistance rates of triclosan-resistant isolates to imipenem, levofloxacin, amikacin and tetracycline ...
Tópico(s): Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
2009 - Microbiology Society | Journal of Medical Microbiology
Mark G. Cantwell, Brittan A. Wilson, Jun Zhu, Gordon G. Wallace, John W. King, Curtis R. Olsen, Robert M. Burgess, Joseph P. Smith,
Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent added to a wide array of consumer goods and personal care products. ... partially removed during wastewater treatment. In this study, triclosan was measured in dated sediment cores from four ... and spatial trends of accumulation. Measurable concentrations of triclosan first appeared in each of the sediment cores ... corresponds with the US patent issuance date of triclosan. The presence of triclosan at each of the study sites at or ... is occurring in estuarine sediments. Temporal trends of triclosan at each location are unique, reflecting between site ...
Tópico(s): Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
2009 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
Margaret O. James, Wenjun Li, David P. Summerlot, Laura Rowland‐Faux, Charles E. Wood,
The personal care product Triclosan, 5-chloro-2(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenol, is widely used in consumer products as an antibacterial agent and is increasingly ... people in the United States, Sweden and Australia. Triclosan is known to inhibit sulfonation of phenolic xenobiotics ... In this study, we examined the effect of Triclosan on sheep placental cytosolic sulfotransferase activity with 17- ... in other species. Studies of the effect of Triclosan on estrogen sulfotransferase activity were conducted with several ...
Tópico(s): Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact
2009 - Elsevier BV | Environment International
Jian‐Lin Wu, Hao Yue, Zongwei Cai,
Triclosan has been widely used as a disinfectant in human health care products. Although this particular chemical ... human. Therefore, understanding the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of triclosan in animal and human body is important. Plasma ... after the oral administration of 5 mg/kg triclosan were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)- ... spectrometry (TQMS) to support the pharmacokinetic study of triclosan. The method development was conducted with selected-ion- ... of SIR due to the poor fragmentation of triclosan. The developed SIR method provided limit of quantification ...
Tópico(s): Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
2009 - Science Press | Chinese Journal of Chromatography
Peter A. Cadieux, Ben H. Chew, Linda Nott, Shannon Seney, Chelsea N. Elwood, Geoffrey R. Wignall, Lee Goneau, John D. Denstedt,
... and encrustation mandating stent changes every few months. Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial in numerous consumer ... sought to determine the clinical effects of the triclosan-eluting stent in patients who needed long-term ... months, the control stent was removed, and a triclosan-eluting stent was placed for 3 months with ... strains were isolated more frequently during control and triclosan stenting, respectively. Significantly fewer antibiotics were used during triclosan stenting, coinciding with a slightly higher number of ...
Tópico(s): Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
2009 - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. | Journal of Endourology
The safety of the antimicrobial agent triclosan was reviewed, and the biocompatibility of coated polyglactin 910 suture with triclosan was evaluated.Acute single exposure LD(50) values for triclosan were determined in multiple species by several routes ... chronic toxicity for dermal and oral exposure to triclosan was determined in multiple species in studies of ... rodents and non-rodents. The genotoxicity potential of triclosan was determined using a battery of standard assays. ... and humans to understand the metabolic profile of triclosan. Preclinical biocompatibility studies conducted on coated polyglactin 910 ...
Tópico(s): Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
2002 - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. | Surgical Infections
Richard Reiss, Neil Mackay, Cliff Habig, John R. Griffin,
... examine the distribution of concentrations of the antimicrobial triclosan (2,4,4′‐trichloro‐2′‐hydroxydiphenyl ether) in ... from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Most uses of triclosan are disposed of down residential drains and ultimately ... analysis was conducted to simulate the discharge of triclosan in WWTP effluents to rivers and calculate the ... where the discharge occurred, the estimated concentration of triclosan in the WWTP effluent, and the physicochemical properties of triclosan. A probabilistic exposure assessment was conducted based on ...
Tópico(s): Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
2002 - Wiley | Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
... that might be implicated include the bisphenol (phenylether) triclosan together with the cationic agents chlorhexidine salts and quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs). Triclosan has specific uses in hospitals (eg, body wash ... widespread use could select for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Triclosan has been shown to select for low-level ... of marA, soxS or acrAB produces resistance to triclosan in laboratory and clinical strains of Escherichia coli. ... Google Scholar and high-level ciprofloxacin resistance in triclosan-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants.14Chuanchen R Beinlich K ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2002 - Elsevier BV | American Journal of Infection Control
Remo Perozzo, Mack Kuo, Amar Bir Singh Sidhu, Jacob T. Valiyaveettil, Robert Bittman, William R. Jacobs, David A. Fidock, James C. Sacchettini,
... binary complex with NADH, a ternary complex with triclosan and NAD+, and as ternary complexes bound to the triclosan analogs 1 and 2 with NADH. Novel structural ... root mean square for Cαs, 0.30 Å). Triclosan and its analogs 1 and 2 killed multidrug- ... vitro. These data define the structural basis of triclosan binding to PfENR and will facilitate structure-based ... binary complex with NADH, a ternary complex with triclosan and NAD+, and as ternary complexes bound to the triclosan analogs 1 and 2 with NADH. Novel structural ...
Tópico(s): Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
2002 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
Anton Lindström, Ignaz J. Buerge, Thomas Poiger, Per‐Anders Bergqvist, Markus D. Müller, Hans-Rudolf Buser,
The bactericide triclosan and methyl triclosan, an environmental transformation product thereof, were detected in lakes and in a river in Switzerland at concentrations of up to 74 ... emitted via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), with methyl triclosan probably being formed by biological methylation. A regional ... for a lake (Greifensee) indicated significant removal of triclosan by processes other than flushing. Laboratory experiments showed that triclosan in the dissociated form was rapidly decomposed in ...
Tópico(s): Water Treatment and Disinfection
2002 - American Chemical Society | Environmental Science & Technology
Zainab Al-Doori, Donald A. Morrison, Giles Edwards, C. G. Gemmell,
Sir, Triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether) is a broad-spectrum biocide that has been used for ... patients with methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).1,3 Triclosan acts on a range of cytoplasmic membrane and intracellular target sites. Increased resistance to triclosan has recently been attributed to an alteration in ... it is also possible that increased resistance to triclosan may contribute. In a recent study of a small number of clinical MRSA isolates, a triclosan MIC range of 0.025–1 mg/L ...
Tópico(s): Biopolymer Synthesis and Applications
2002 - Oxford University Press | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Sharada Sivaraman, Jacque Zwahlen, Alasdair F. Bell, Lizbeth Hedstrom, Peter J. Tonge,
Triclosan, a common antibacterial additive used in consumer products, is an inhibitor of FabI, the enoyl reductase ... Biochemistry 38, 12514-12525], we report here that triclosan is a slow, reversible, tight binding inhibitor of the FabI from Escherichia coli. Triclosan binds preferentially to the E.NAD(+) form of ... 1998) Nature 394, 531-532], the affinity of triclosan for the FabI mutants G93V, M159T, and F203L ... microM, 4 nM, and 0.9 nM, respectively. Triclosan binding to the E.NADH form of F203L ... mutants to compare and contrast the binding of triclosan to InhA, the homologous enoyl reductase from Mycobacterium ...
Tópico(s): Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
2003 - American Chemical Society | Biochemistry
Åsa Sullivan, Bengt Wretlind, C. E. Nord,
... were to determine the in vitro sensitivity of triclosan against viridans streptococci and the impact of triclosan on the normal oral microflora. Nine subjects used a triclosan-containing toothpaste for 2 weeks. Saliva samples were ... were analyzed quantitatively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of triclosan and of several antimicrobial agents were determined for ... strains collected at days 0 and 14 against triclosan or antimicrobial agents. Short-term use of triclosan has no major impact on normal oral microflora ...
Tópico(s): Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
2003 - Elsevier BV | Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Marianne E. Balmer, Thomas Poiger, Christian Droz, Kathrin Romanin, Per‐Anders Bergqvist, Markus D. Müller, Hans-Rudolf Buser,
The bactericide triclosan and methyl triclosan, an environmental transformation product thereof, have been previously detected in lakes and a river in Switzerland. Both compounds are emitted via wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), with methyl triclosan probably being formed by biological methylation. Passive sampling ... membrane devices (SPMDs) showed the presence of methyl triclosan in some lakes, suggesting some potential for bioaccumulation ... this study, we report the presence of methyl triclosan in fish (white fish, coregonus sp.; roach, rutilus ...
Tópico(s): Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
2003 - American Chemical Society | Environmental Science & Technology
Donna D. Morrall, Drew C. McAvoy, Bert Schatowitz, Josef Inauen, Martin Jacob, Armin Hauk, William S. Eckhoff,
Triclosan (TCS) is an anti-microbial agent used in down-the-drain consumer products. Following sewage treatment some of the triclosan will enter receiving waters. This study was designed to determine the die-away rate of triclosan released into a river as part of the ... m3 s−1) located in South Central Texas. Triclosan was analyzed from samples collected upstream of the ... discharge. The first-order loss rate of parent triclosan from the water column was calculated from measured ... this rate corresponded to a 76% reduction in triclosan over an 8 km river reach below the ...
Tópico(s): Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
2003 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
Manal Mustafa, Biniyam Wondimu, Kjell Hultenby, Tülay Yucel‐Lindberg, Thomas Modéer,
Triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether) is an antibacterial agent included in dentifrices and mouth rinses. Previously, we reported that triclosan reduces the production of the inflammatory mediators in ... investigate the uptake, distribution, and release of 14C-triclosan in gingival fibroblasts. Time-course studies showed that the uptake of 14C-triclosan in cytoplasmic and nuclear fraction started within the ... 3 and 24 h. The distribution of 14C-triclosan in the cytoplasmic and the nuclear fractions was, ...
Tópico(s): Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
2003 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Mack Kuo, Héctor R. Morbidoni, David Alland, Scott Sneddon, Brian B. Gourlie, Mark M. Staveski, Marina Leonard, Jill S. Gregory, Andrew D. Janjigian, Christopher Yee, James M. Musser, Barry N. Kreiswirth, Hiroyuki IWAMOTO, Remo Perozzo, William R. Jacobs, James C. Sacchettini, David A. Fidock,
... analysis of InhA with the broad spectrum antimicrobial triclosan revealed a unique stoichiometry where the enzyme contained either a single triclosan molecule, in a configuration typical of other bacterial ENR:triclosan structures, or harbored two triclosan molecules bound to the active site. Significantly, these ... analysis of InhA with the broad spectrum antimicrobial triclosan revealed a unique stoichiometry where the enzyme contained either a single triclosan molecule, in a configuration typical of other bacterial ...
Tópico(s): HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
2003 - Elsevier BV | Journal of Biological Chemistry
S.E. Adams, Allister J. Theobald, Nathan Jones, M.G. Brading, Trevor F. Cox, Asunción Méndez, D.M. Chesters, David Gillam, Claire Hall, J.S. Holt,
... fluoride toothpaste containing 2% zinc citrate/0.3% Triclosan with a silica-based fluoride toothpaste containing 0.3% Triclosan/2% copolymer. Methods: In Study 1, plaque was ... toothpastes. Results: The 2% zinc citrate/0.3% Triclosan formulation significantly reduced the total number of viable ... 0.0443 respectively) compared to the 0.3% Triclosan/2% copolymer formulation. Both toothpastes increased the bacterial ... bacteria for the 2% zinc citrate/0.3% Triclosan product was significantly reduced (p<0.05). Study ...
Tópico(s): HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
2003 - Elsevier BV | International Dental Journal
Jan Eirik Ellingsen, Gunnar Rölla,
... previously been shown that a toothpaste which contains triclosan and polydimethylsiloxane (silicone oil) improved gingival health in ... more markedly than usually observed when testing commercial triclosan-containing toothpastes. In the present study the mode of action of combinations of silicone oil and triclosan was investigated. An in vitro experiment showed that triclosan was retained in a thin layer of silicone ... that had been treated with the combination of triclosan and silicone oil. This triclosan was slowly released ...
Tópico(s): Dental materials and restorations
1994 - Wiley | European Journal Of Oral Sciences
Clay Walker, Loretta Borden, Joseph J. Zambon, C. Yolanda Bonta, William DeVizio, A R Volpe,
... which examined the effects of a 0.3% triclosan/2% copolymer/0.243% sodium fluoride dentifrice on ... use, in an oral hygiene program, either the triclosan/copolymer/fluoride test dentifrice or a control dentifrice. ... the test dentifrice except it did not contain triclosan. Supragingival plaque was collected from the buccal and ... 6‐month sample periods in subjects receiving the triclosan dentifrice than for the controls. Neither dentifrice resulted ... the relative proportions of the microflora resistance to triclosan or in the number of subjects harboring triclosan‐ ...
Tópico(s): Oral Health Pathology and Treatment
1994 - Wiley | Journal Of Clinical Periodontology
Vibeke Kjærheim, Sonni Mette Waaler, Gunnar Rölla,
... was to investigate the plaque‐inhibiting effect of triclosan. It is known that triclosan and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) have a marked ... reducing effect in itself, the relative importance of triclosan and the surfactant is undecided. Twelve dental students ... chlorhexidine acetate (CHX) (positive control); C, 0.3% triclosan in water‐free propylene glycol (PG); D, 0.3% triclosan with 1.5% SLS in PG; E, 0.15% triclosan in PG; F, 0.075% triclosan in PG; G, 0.3% triclosan in diluted PG (1:8 in water) with 1.5% SLS; and H, 0.3% triclosan in 0.5% sodium carbonate. The results showed ...
Tópico(s): Dental Research and COVID-19
1994 - Wiley | European Journal Of Oral Sciences
Vibeke Kjærheim, Sonni Mette Waaler, Gunnar Rölla,
... the nature of the detergents used in aqueous triclosan‐containing moulhrinses affects the plaque‐inhibiting effect of ... micelles formed. It has also been shown that triclosan has a marked plaque‐inhibiting effect when dissolved ... study was to compare the clinical effect of triclosan dissolved in oils and in the pure solvents ... seed oil, as well as PEG and GLY. Triclosan was used in a 0.3% concentration to ... comparison with previous studies. However, only 0.15% triclosan was added to the GLY‐containing rinse (maximum ...
Tópico(s): Dental Anxiety and Anesthesia Techniques
1994 - Wiley | European Journal Of Oral Sciences
Vibeke Kjærheim, Sonni Mette Waaler,
... to determine the plaque-inhibiting effect of different triclosan- and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-containing mouthrinses. An ... made to locate the binding site(s) of triclosan in the oral cavity. After the volunteers rinsed ... four days with solutions of various concentrations of triclosan and/or SLS, plaque deposits were scored according ... that 0.15% and 0.3% concentrations of triclosan yielded a comparable plaque-inhibiting effect in vivo. Furthermore, the 0.1% triclosan with 1.5% SLS exhibited a higher (though ...
Tópico(s): Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
1994 - SAGE Publishing | Advances in Dental Research
Shih‐Wei Tsai, Mei-Wen Shih, Yi-Ping Pan,
Triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether) is a widely used antibacterial agent. However, it was concerned recently that triclosan might act as an antibiotic and will cause ... of toxic chloroform was also reported when the triclosan contained in household dishwashing soaps reacted with the ... the associate risks from possible exposures, concentrations of triclosan in household food detergents of Taiwan were determined ... at 280 nm was used to analyze the triclosan in samples. Factors that might affect the residual ...
Tópico(s): Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
2008 - Elsevier BV | Chemosphere
Long D. Nghiem, Poppy Jane Coleman,
Filtration phenomena of the hydrophobic ionogenic compound triclosan by three commercially available nanofiltration (NF)/reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were investigated in this study. The separation behaviour of triclosan was systematically related to the compound physicochemical properties ... influence of membrane fouling on the rejection of triclosan by the three selected NF/RO membranes were ... Having a unique hydrophobic ionogenic profile, even when triclosan was fully deprotonated at pH 10, considerable adsorption ...
Tópico(s): Antimicrobial agents and applications
2008 - Elsevier BV | Separation and Purification Technology
Mats Allmyr, Fiona Harden, Leisa-Maree Toms, Jochen F. Mueller, Michael S. McLachlan, Margaretha Adolfsson‐Erici, Gunilla Sandborgh‐Englund,
The bactericide triclosan has found wide-spread use in e.g. soaps, deodorants and toothpastes. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that triclosan might exert adverse effects in humans. Triclosan has previously been shown to be present in ... to the use of personal care products containing triclosan. In this study we investigated the influence of age, gender, and the region of residence on triclosan concentrations in pooled samples of Australian human blood ... of region of residence on the concentrations of triclosan. There was a small but significant influence of ...
Tópico(s): Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
2008 - Elsevier BV | The Science of The Total Environment