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Dietary mycotoxins, co-exposure, and carcinogenesis in humans: Short review

2015; Elsevier BV; Volume: 766; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.07.003

1388-2139

Karl De Ruyck, Marthe De Boevre, Inge Huybrechts, Sarah De Saeger,

Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases

Mycotoxins, toxic secondary metabolites of fungi, affect global agriculture so prolifically that they are virtually ubiquitous at some concentration in the average human diet. Studies of in vitro and in vivo toxicity are discussed, leading to investigations of co-exposed mycotoxins, as well as carcinogenic effects. Some of the most common and toxicologically significant mycotoxins, such as the aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, patulin, zearalenone, and some ergot alkaloids are outlined. The wide variety of pathogenic mechanisms these compounds employ are shown capable of inducing a complex set of interactions. Of particular note are potential synergisms between mycotoxins with regard to carcinogenic attributable risk, indicating an important field for future study.