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[1] The biosynthesis of phospholipids

1992; Academic Press; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/0076-6879(92)09003-l

1557-7988

Edward A. Dennis,

Diabetes and associated disorders

This chapter discusses the biosynthesis of phospholipids, which consists of (1) the basic pathways leading to de novo formation of phospholipid and (2) special transformations that interconvert one phospholipid to another. There is more than one way that nature has developed to make specific phospholipids, and often, different species or subcellular organelles have developed different approaches. For example, phosphatidylserine is made in prokaryotes, such as Escherichia coli by the reaction of L-serine with CDPdiglyceride, a de novo step, whereas mammalian cells, such as rat liver utilize an L-serine-phosphatidylethanolamine exchange enzyme in a special transformation or transesterification of a preformed phospholipid not requiring the expenditure of a high-energy phosphate. The importance and discovery of cytidine nucleotides are discussed in the chapter. Cytidine nucleotides are responsible for the de novo step in phospholipid biosynthesis.