MYRIADE, the CNES Micro-satellite Product Line for Science and Innovation
2002; Springer Nature (Netherlands); Linguagem: Inglês
10.1007/978-94-017-3008-2_10
ISSN1387-523X
Autores Tópico(s)Satellite Communication Systems
ResumoWith the low cost launch opportunities, initially offered by the Ariane ASAP structure and now largely developed by new launch companies using converted missiles, and with strong support from the national scientific community, CNES has decided to extend the PROTEUS product to develop a new micro-satellite product line called MYRIADE. This new product is compatible with a secondary payload launch configuration on Ariane 5, PSLV (Indian launcher) or DNEPR and, in the mid-term, with other launchers like STARSEM/SOYUZ, ROCKOT, or LEO-LINK. The goal is to achieve scientific missions at a cost of 10 million Euro per mission (payload development excluded, but launch and operations included), on average at two missions per year. Four missions and a cooperation with Brazil have already been initiated. These are: DEMETER, for launch early in 2003 to study electromagnetic effects and ionospheric disturbances potentially linked to volcanic or seismic activity. PARASOL, using an instrument derived from POLDER, for atmospheric aerosol and cloud parameters. MICROSCOPE, based on the ONERA high accuracy accelerometer, which aims to verify the equivalence principle between inertial mass and gravitational mass with an accuracy of 10−15 instead of 10−12 corresponding to ground measurements today; this drag-free micro-satellite uses electric propulsion and is planned for launch at the end of 2004. PICARD, to be launched around mid-2006, concerns precise measurements of the solar diameter, the solar constant and of their variations and variability. These measurements will be analyzed to improve our knowledge of solar factors influencing the Earth’s climate. This MYRIADE product line is also a means for supporting cooperation with other countries wishing either to develop a joint scientific mission or to access space activities. This paper describes the rationale of the CNES micro-satellite MYRIADE in terms of these various objectives, the organization and the methods used for different missions, keeping in mind performance, quality and cost.
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