Issues for a Closed-Loop Theory of Motor Learning
1976; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/b978-0-12-665950-4.50009-2
Autores Tópico(s)Behavioral and Psychological Studies
ResumoThis chapter discusses the closed-loop theory of motor learning. Motor behavior is guided by covert verbal behavior in the early stages of learning. Subjects accompany the learning process with hidden verbal activity, where they form hypotheses and plans about the next movement on the basis of the knowledge of results that they have just received. Perhaps from the days when motor behavior was studied by physiologists as a “spinal” activity, there have been those who have identified motor behavior with the lower senses and remote from the upper reaches of the mind. The empirical reinforcement conception of motor learning is open-loop. The response outcome for the system is primarily determined by system changes that reinforcement has made, which has often been conceptualized as habit. An open-loop system treats errors incidentally as evidence of system incompetence because the focus is on occurrences of the correct response, but errors and their processing lie at the center of a closed-loop system.
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