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Long-Term Geomorphological Evolution of the Brazilian Territory

2015; Springer Nature (Netherlands); Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/978-94-017-8023-0_3

2213-2104

André Augusto Rodrigues Salgado, Guilherme Tatison Bueno, Alisson Duarte Diniz, Breno Ribeiro Marent,

Geological and Geochemical Analysis

In Brazil, there is great diversity in the geomorphological evolution of landscapes as a result of the country’s massive geographical size (over 8.5 million km2). Diverse climates and palaeoclimates acting on different tectonic compartments, substrates, and reliefs have generated a rich diversity of natural landscapes. The Brazilian territory can be broadly divided into two tectonic mega-compartments: Amazonian Brazil and Atlantic Brazil (Extra-Amazonian Brazil). These two compartments are separated by a lineament known as the Transbrasiliano Lineament, which crosses the country in a southwest to northeast direction. Amazonian Brazil is characterised by lower elevations and a more uniform relief, whereas Atlantic Brazil contains higher elevations and exhibits greater topographic diversity and complexity.