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Chapter 1 Chemotaxonomy of Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae

1986; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60246-1

2161-3001

V. Preininger,

Alkaloids: synthesis and pharmacology

This chapter provides an overview of the chemotaxonomy of two families: Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae. Both are very rich in specific alkaloids. The family Papaveraceae Juss. is subdivided into the subfamilies Hypecoideae Prantl and Kündig and Papaveroideae A. Br. It embraces 23 genera and ∼430 species. The Fumariaceae DC. include 7 genera with ∼350 species. The alkaloids of the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae can be subdivided into several constitutional types—that is, simple isoquinolines, benzylisoquinolines, pavines, isopavines, cularines, proaporphines, aporphines, promorphinanes, morphinanes, protoberberines, retroprotoberberines, secoberbines, benzophenanthridines, protopines, phthalideisoquinolines, secophthalideisoquinolines, indenobenzazepines, spirobenzylisoquinolines, and rhoeadines. The most widespread alkaloids of the Papaveraceae Juss. are protoberberines, benzophenanthridines, and protopines, which, with a few exceptions, are present in all genera. The Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae DC. are closely related families. Their relationship and their independence are well demonstrated by the external structure of the flowers, the various anatomical characteristics of their different organs, and alkaloid content.