Diversidad genética de germoplasma colombiano de zapallo (Cucurbita moschata Dúchesne Exp. Prior)
2004; National University of Colombia; Volume: 53; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
2323-0118
Autores Tópico(s)Plant and soil sciences
ResumoSe colectaron, caracterizaron morfologicamente y evaluaron agronomicamente 133 accesiones de Cucurbita moschata en Colombia (departamentos del Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Quindio, Caldas, Antioquia, Bolivar, Magdalena y Atlantico), las cuales presentaron alta diversidad en tamano, forma y color de fruto. Los descriptores pubescencia de la hoja, color mancha de la hoja, dias a floracion masculina, dias a floracion femenina, espesor de pulpa, tamano de semilla, forma de margen de semilla, ancho de fruto y peso promedio de fruto permitieron la diferenciacion de grupos. Se encontro un indice de diversidad de 62% entre las accesiones colectadas en los departamentos de la region andina con las de la Costa Atlantica. Ninguno de los grupos presento indices de similaridad del 100%. ABSTRACT This study was carried at Candelaria (Colombia), from August 2001 to July 2003. This study aimed at evaluating, by multivariate analyses techniques, the genetic diversity of 133 accesions, collected from distinct areas of regions of Colombia. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with four replications. The data (average) were collected from three plants per plot. Thirteen nine traits were evaluated, 9 vegetatives, 24 reproductives and 1 related to susceptibility to stress. The data were analysed using the herarquical method of WARD and were transformed into a complete disjunctive table, where the modalities of each character is a new variable. The analysis revealed five cluster, with to R2 = 97% and diversity index 62%. The most important characteristics to explain the variability were: days to first female and male flower, fruit width, fruit weight, flesh thickness, leaf pubescence dorsal and ventral surface, colour of leaf spots and seed size. The 5, 7, 47 , 109 and 28 accesion might be recommended for breeding programs. Keywords: Cucurbita moschata, Germplasm, Genetic resources, plant breeding, Morphology characterization.
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