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Transcript profiling of Escherichia coli using high-density DNA microarrays

2002; Academic Press; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0076-6879(02)58089-7

1557-7988

Stephen Picataggio, Lori J. Templeton, Dana R. Smulski, Robert A. LaRossa,

Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies

The chapter describes the techniques that use for comprehensive transcript profiling of Escherichia coli (E. coli) using high-density DNA microarrays. High-density DNA microarrays represent a powerful tool with which to simultaneously measure the expression of every gene in a cell. By identifying the genes that are expressed differentially in response to either specific mutations or modified environmental conditions, we are provided with a view of global responsiveness that improves our understanding of microbial physiology and homeostasis on a genomic scale. This technology complements other methods that measure the cellular content of polypeptides and small molecules. The Escherichia coli genome is composed of more than 4.5 megabase pairs of DNA and is predicted to encode 4290 proteins. Even though this organism has been studied extensively for over 50 years and its genome is completely sequenced, the function of about 40% of these genes remains unknown. High-density gene arrays are now providing important insights into gene function and microbial physiology and are fast becoming an essential tool to link information from genomics, bioinformatics, proteomics, metabolite analyses, and flux analyses into a cohesive “snapshot” of cellular metabolism.