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Phosphoinositide 4- and 5-Kinases and the Cellular Roles of Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-Bisphosphate

1998; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0065-230x(08)60767-8

2162-5557

J. Justin Hsuan, Shane Minogue, Maria dos Remédios Magalhães Santos,

Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology

The chapter introduces the phosphoinositide (PI) 4+ and 5+kinases and the cellular roles of phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PtdInsP2). Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) is a widely occurring eukaryotic lipid found as a minor component of many subcellular membranes. This chapter describes and assesses many of the reported cellular functions of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdInsP) and the regulation of its biosynthesis. PI and PtdIns-specific 3-kinases are discussed in this chapter. Receptor-linked PI metabolism is discussed in detail in the chapter, wherein receptors; modular interaction domains; regulation of phospholipase C activity; PtdIns 4-kinases and PtdInsP 5-kinases; compartmentation and the organization of signaling complexes; cross-talk between signaling pathways; and nuclear signaling is discussed. The chapter discusses the PI and its cytoskeleton and gelsolin, profilin, vinculin, and the rho family of small G proteins. Vesicle biogenesis and trafficking; endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi vesicle formation; trans-Golgi network vesicle formation and protein sorting; plasma membrane endocytosis; and exocytosis are described in the chapter. The chapter describes the roles of PtdIns in cancer.