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Corrosion inhibition of AISI 1020 steel based on tungstate anion and amoxicillin as corrosion inhibitors in 0.05 mol l −1 NaCl solution or inserted into cellulose acetate films
2014; Wiley; Volume: 47; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1002/sia.5687
ISSN1096-9918
AutoresM. C. Scholant, E. F. Coutinho, Sı́lvio L.P. Dias, Denise Schermann Azambuja, Sabrina Neves da Silva, S.M. Tamborim,
Tópico(s)Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals
ResumoSurface and Interface AnalysisVolume 47, Issue 2 p. 192-197 Research articleOpen Access Corrosion inhibition of AISI 1020 steel based on tungstate anion and amoxicillin as corrosion inhibitors in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl solution or inserted into cellulose acetate films M. C. Scholant, M. C. Scholant Grupo de mecânica aplicada, PPENG – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550 Alegrete, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorE. F. Coutinho, E. F. Coutinho Grupo de mecânica aplicada, PPENG – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550 Alegrete, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorS. P. Dias, S. P. Dias Laboratório de Eletroquimica e eletroanalítica, Universidade federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500/43123, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorD. S. Azambuja, D. S. Azambuja Laboratório de Eletroquimica e eletroanalítica, Universidade federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500/43123, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorS. N. Silva, S. N. Silva Grupo de Tratamento de Superfície, Eletroquímica e Corrosão – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Travessa 45, 1650, 96413-170 Bagé, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorS. M. Tamborim, Corresponding Author S. M. Tamborim Grupo de mecânica aplicada, PPENG – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550 Alegrete, RS, Brazil Correspondence to: S. M. Tamborim, Grupo de mecânica aplicada – PPENG –Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550, Alegrete, RS, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author M. C. Scholant, M. C. Scholant Grupo de mecânica aplicada, PPENG – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550 Alegrete, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorE. F. Coutinho, E. F. Coutinho Grupo de mecânica aplicada, PPENG – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550 Alegrete, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorS. P. Dias, S. P. Dias Laboratório de Eletroquimica e eletroanalítica, Universidade federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500/43123, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorD. S. Azambuja, D. S. Azambuja Laboratório de Eletroquimica e eletroanalítica, Universidade federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500/43123, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorS. N. Silva, S. N. Silva Grupo de Tratamento de Superfície, Eletroquímica e Corrosão – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Travessa 45, 1650, 96413-170 Bagé, RS, BrazilSearch for more papers by this authorS. M. Tamborim, Corresponding Author S. M. Tamborim Grupo de mecânica aplicada, PPENG – Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550 Alegrete, RS, Brazil Correspondence to: S. M. Tamborim, Grupo de mecânica aplicada – PPENG –Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiarajú, 810, 97546-550, Alegrete, RS, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 05 December 2014 https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5687Citations: 4AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Sodium tungstate and amoxicillin were used separately or combined in a solution containing 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl or inserted into cellulose acetate films as a corrosion inhibition method for American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 1020 steel. The electrochemical behavior of AISI 1020 steel was characterized using open-circuit potential, anodic polarization and electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy. The inhibitor effect of tungstate anions was proved, and its combination with amoxicillin was considered inferior when tungstate was used alone. This behavior was attributed to weaker adsorption of amoxicillin when compared with the adsorption of tungstate anion both deposited on the alloy and into the cellulose acetate film on the steel. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Introduction There are a variety of methods for protection against the corrosion of ferrous alloys, based on the use of corrosion inhibitors1-9 or coatings.10-12 The inhibitors used in the ferrous alloys are based on organic compounds such as mebendazole,2 sulfonated compounds,4, 7 benzoate and acetate.8, 9 Among the coatings tested were silica-based hybrid coatings,10 SiC coatings11 and bioceramic coatings.12 There is a consensus that the adsorption process13 is the first step in the efficiency of an inhibitor in any metal or metal alloy. Adsorption requires attractive forces between the metal surface (adsorbent) and the organic molecule (adsorbate). It can be physical, chemical or a combination of both, according to the type of force.14, 15 Physical adsorption is a weak, nondirectional interaction that occurs mainly by electrostatic interaction between organic inhibitor ions or dipoles and charged metal surfaces. Physical adsorption or physisorption is the rapid adsorption between adsorbent and adsorbate that is easily undone by increasing the temperature. The zero charge potential plays a key role in the adsorption process, whereas the charge on the metal surface can be expressed in terms of the potential difference (ddp) between the corrosion potential (Ecorr) and the potential of zero charge (Epzc) metal calculated using relation On a more positive potential than the metal, Epzc is positively charged, and therefore, anionic species are preferably adsorbed, while the more negative potential in the Epzc metal is negatively charged and thus adsorbs cationic species.14 The charge transfer involves chemisorption of the adsorbate for the adsorbent to form a coordinate bond. Inhibitors usually have an organic functional group with sites for the chemisorption process. Adsorption through polymeric species on the surface of ferrous alloys is efficient, using inorganic salts as inhibitors containing tungstate (WO4−2),16-19 molybdate (MoO4−2)20 and vanadate (V).21 The literature indicates that these anions behave as an inhibitor adsorber and/or anodic inhibitor for steel alloys and with inhibitor adsorption and/or as an anodic inhibitor for steel alloys in general when present in aqueous medium.16-18 Drugs such as amoxicillin have shown promising results in the inhibition of the corrosion process of aluminum and copper.21 This process is attributed to inhibition of the formation of complexes between the metal surface areas of greater charge densities in the drug molecule and the metal Al or Cu.1, 21, 22 Cellulose acetate films have been used to prepare films containing corrosion inhibitors on AA2024 alloy,22 producing self-assembly layers of organic molecules with phosphate or phosphonic acid groups attached to the aluminum metal substrate,23 and combined with tannin and/or thiourea compound to increase the corrosion resistance of zinc,24 or combined with magnesium nanoparticles as an anticorrosive treatment for aluminum and galvanized steel.25 Hence, the paper studies the electrochemical behavior of American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) 1020 steel alloy immersed in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl containing different concentrations of sodium tungstate and/or (2S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-acetyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, called as amoxicillin. The electrochemical behavior of the AISI 1020 steel alloy coated with cellulose acetate and with the insertion of sodium tungstate and /or amoxicillin into film was also studied. Experimental Table 1 shows the nominal chemical composition of the AISI 1020 steel alloy according to Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas 7007:2011.26 The alloy used was approximately 20 mm long, 15 mm wide and 2.5 mm thick. Table 1. Chemical composition of the alloy carbon steel AISI 102024 Carbon steel C Mn Si P, max S, max % mass 0.015–0.25 0.20–0.60 0.20–0.60 0.040 0.045 The alloy was submitted to surface pretreatment according to the steps listed in the succeeding texts: Wash in water using neutral soap; Wear down using abrasive paper with different grain sizes (#200, 400, 600, 800 and 1200); Wash in distilled water; Clean with alcohol (Merck); Wash in distilled water; Dry; Limit the surface area to close to 1 cm2 using araldite glue. The alloys submitted to cellulose acetate deposition were immersed during 15 s in 10% (w/w) cellulose acetate solution solubilized in acetic anhydride after steps I to VI. After the 15-s immersion, the samples were suspended to drain excess film during 15 s. The samples were cured and left to dry horizontally by acetic cure for 24 h. The cellulose-acetate-based films tested were as follows: Films containing 10% (w/w) cellulose acetate solubilized in acetic anhydride; Films containing 10% (w/w) cellulose acetate solubilized in acetic anhydride inserted into 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4. Films containing 10% (w/w) cellulose acetate solubilized in acetic anhydride inserted into 2000 ppm of amoxicillin. The following solutions were given, taking into account the study of the inhibitor effect of sodium tungstate and amoxicillin in a 0.05-mol l−1 NaCl solution on corrosion alloy. Solution A: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl Solution B: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl and 0.005 mol l−1 Na2WO4 Solution C: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl and 0.01 mol l−1 Na2WO4 Solution D: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl and 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 Solution E: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.005 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 1000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution F: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.005 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 2000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution G: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.005 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 3000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution H: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.01 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 1000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution I: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.01 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 2000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution J: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.01 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 3000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution K: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 1000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution L: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 2000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution M: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl, 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 3000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution N: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl and 1000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution O: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl and 2000 ppm of amoxicillin Solution P: 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl and 3000 ppm of amoxicillin The electrochemical behavior of the AISI 1020 alloy in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl containing WO4−2 anions and amoxicillin or of the AISI 1020 steel alloy coated with cellulose acetate with or without the insertion of WO4−2 anions and amoxicillin into the film was evaluated by open-circuit potential (OCP), anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A saturated calomel electrode was used as reference electrode, and all potentials are referred to it. The auxiliary electrode was a Pt gauze. The experiments were carried out under naturally aerated conditions at 25 °C. The electrochemical measurements were performed using a potentiostat (AUTOLAB PGSTAT 30) coupled to a frequency response analysis system (FRA 2) and an analytical rotator PAR 616. The EIS measurements were performed in potentiostatic mode at the OCP. The OCP after potential stabilization is referred to in this work as the corrosion potential, Ecorr. The range of the EIS perturbation signal was 10 mV, and the frequency range studied was from 105 to 10−2 Hz. Results and discussion WO4−2 inhibitor effect in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl on AISI 1020 steel The inhibitor effect of WO4−2 anions present in 0.05-mol l−1 NaCl solution was evaluated by OCP in Fig. 1. The shift to more positive potential values can always be observed when the tungstate anion is present (Fig. 1). This behavior may be related to two main factors. First, the tungstate anion has buffering proprieties, consuming the H+ ions produced in the hydrolysis of metallic cations, suppressing the local acidification according to the following reactions16: (1) (2) Figure 1Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Open circuit potential of the AISI 1020 steel alloy immersed in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl for (A) immersion moment and (B) 3 and (C) 7-day period containing different concentrations of sodium tungstate (black circle): 0, (white circle) 0.005, (white square) 0.01 and (white triangle) 0.07 mol L−1. Second, several tungstate polymeric species17, 18 are formed with the metallic cations that can be adsorbed on the metal surface thus repairing the defects and pits, producing a stable passive film. Concerning the OCP versus time curves at the time of immersion, the corrosion potential (Ecorr) shifts toward the iron passive region, reaching a value of around −0.25 V. This potential rise may be explained by admitting that the tungstate anion reacts with iron as soon as the electrode is immersed into the solution. Then, a product layer begins to block the metal surface decreasing the anodic dissolution sites, even in the presence of chloride. The potential decline in longer immersion times, such as 3 or 7 days, is because of the competitive nature of the adsorption process between the aggressive and the inhibiting anions.6 The electrochemical impedance measurements of the AISI 1020 steel alloy were carried out at the corrosion potential in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl containing different concentrations of sodium tungstate: 0.0, 0.005, 0.01 and 0.07 mol l-1 according to Fig. 2. When the tungstate concentration in solution is increased, the capacitive diameter arcs increase corresponding to an effective adsorption of tungstate species on the metal surface (Fig. 2). The absence of tungstate anions (Fig. 2 – insert) shows the markedly deleterious effect of chloride anions present in solution on AISI 1020 steel. Figure 2Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Effect of tungstate addition on Nyquist plots for the AISI 1020 steel alloy in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl at the open-circuit potential, after 15 min of exposure. Figure 3 shows a considerable increase in corrosion resistance in the low-frequency region, in the presence of 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 (from R10 mHz = 103.75 Ω cm2 to R10 mHz = 104.33 Ω cm2). A phase angle increased from 66.5° to 75° indicating the beneficial effect of the tungstate anion on the AISI 1020 alloy. Similarly, the tungstate anion inhibitor effect was reported by Azambuja et al.6 on iron the same as for the 0.1-mol l−1 NaCl concentration. Figure 3Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Effect of tungstate addition on Bode plots for the AISI 1020 steel alloy in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl at the open-circuit potential after 15 min of exposure. In anodic polarization, the WO4−2 inhibitor effect on the AISI 1020 alloy is proved by a delay in the film break potential (Ebreak): −0.36 V, in the absence of Na2WO4, −0.12 V, for a solution containing 0.005 mol l−1 Na2WO4, −0.06 V, for a solution containing 0.01 mol l−1 Na2WO4, and +0.07 V, for a solution containing 0.07 m Na2WO4 (Fig. 4). Figure 4Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Anodic polarization of the AISI 1020 steel alloy in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl (A) containing different concentrations of sodium tungstate: (B) 0.005 (C) 0.01 and (D) 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4. Amoxicillin inhibitor effect in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl on AISI 1020 steel The corrosion inhibition reaction can be attributed to strongly adsorbed materials on a metal surface that interfere in cathodic and/or anodic reactions at adsorption sites. When adsorption was intense or recovery was complete, the reaction velocity decreased. In this sense, there is less inhibition of the AISI 1020 alloy with amoxicillin than that with tungstate anion. According to the OCP shown in Fig. 5A, the Ecorr at around −0.350 to −0.450 V revealed major activity compared with similar measurements performed in the presence of tungstate anion when Ecorr is around −0.250 V (Fig. 1A). Figure 5Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Open circuit potential of the AISI 1020 steel alloy immersed in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl for (A) immersion moment and (B) 3 and (C) 7-day period containing different concentrations of amoxicillin: (black circle) 0, (white circle) 1000, (white square) 2000 and (white triangle) 3000 ppm. At longer immersion times (Fig. 5C), the potential values decreased drastically (−0.550 V–1000 ppm amoxicillin), and these are considered the most positive potential values achieved for amoxicillin at 7 days of immersion. In anodic polarization, the presence of 1000 and 3000 ppm of amoxicillin increased the Ebreak, compared with the bare alloy immersed only in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl (Fig. 6). Figure 6Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Anodic polarization of the AISI 1020 steel alloy immersed in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl containing different concentrations of amoxicillin: (A) 0, (B) 1000, (C) 2000 and (D) 3000 ppm after 15 min of immersion. The presence of 2000 ppm amoxicillin in solution causes a subtle delay of Ebreak at around +0.050 V compared with the absence of amoxicillin (Fig. 6). This change in Ebreak is very small compared with the change produced by the tungstate anion (at around +367 mV from Ebreak in the absence of tungstate anion). These results point to less corrosion inhibition attributed to the amoxicillin molecule than to the tungstate anion on the AISI 1020 steel alloy. The low inhibiting character of amoxicillin observed is probably because of weak interaction between iron and high-electron-density sites present in the amoxicillin molecule (Fig. 7) considering the deposition conditions applied here. Taking into account similar deposition conditions of cellulose acetate on aluminum alloy22 that were reproduced in this work, it can be concluded that there appears to be less affinity between Fe and amoxicillin compared with aluminum and amoxicillin under the same deposition conditions. Considering the more anodic potential of aluminum (+1.26 V) compared with iron (−0.4 V) and considering the more homogeneous oxide layer that covers the aluminous alloys compared with the more porous oxide layer that covers the iron the results can be explained in comparative terms. Figure 7Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Amoxicillin molecule (A) with high-density electronics in region (I) and (B) with high-density electronics in region (II). EIS analysis proved the low inhibitor effect when 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm of amoxicillin was used by low resistances achieved that are very close to bare alloy in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl (data not shown). The anodic polarization curves (Fig. 8) show that the presence of 2000 ppm amoxicillin promotes a much greater decrease of anodic current density than other concentrations tested. Corrosion resistance was greater at a concentration of 2000 ppm, according to the Ebreak found: For 0.0 ppm of amoxicillin, Ebreak is −0.360 V (Fig. 8 – curve A), for 1000 ppm of amoxicillin, Ebreak is −0.470 V (Fig. 8 – curve B), for 2000 ppm of amoxicillin, Ebreak is −0.310 V (Fig. 8 – curve C), and for 3000 ppm of amoxicillin, Ebreak is −0.492 V (Fig. 8 – curve C). These results indicate weak corrosion resistance in anodic polarization because of amoxicillin if compared with the results obtained for the tungstate anion. Figure 8Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Anodic polarization of the AISI 1020 steel alloy in 0.05 mol l—1 NaCl (A) containing different concentrations of amoxicillin: (B) 1000, (C) 2000 and (D) 3000 ppm. Synergistic effect of WO4−2 anions and amoxicillin in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl on AISI 1020 steel Several concentration pairs of sodium tungstate (0.005, 0.01 and 0.07) and amoxicillin (1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm) were tested together, and 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 mixed with 2000 ppm amoxicillin was the concentration that kept the OCP in a more positive value range. Hence, for a longer immersion time, a synergistic effect can be observed by OCP when 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 2000 ppm of amoxicillin are used together. The OCP remains stable at around −350 mV until 7 days of immersion (Fig. 9), while the use of only tungstate decreases to −410 mV until 7 days of immersion (Fig. 1). The competition between aggressor chloride ions and inhibitors, tungstate anions and amoxicillin, points to major protection when tungstate and amoxicillin are used together at a concentration of 0.07 and 2000 ppm, respectively. In anodic polarization (Fig. 10), a delayed breaking potential of the AISI 1020 steel alloy in the presence of 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and amoxicillin of 1000 ppm (Ebreak = −0.055 V), 2000 ppm (Ebreak = −0.182 V) and 3000 ppm (Ebreak = +0. 010 V) is found compared with the absence of two inhibitors (Ebreak = −0.36 V). However, a major delay in breaking potential occurs because of the presence of 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 (Ebreak = +0.07 V) indicating a superior anticorrosive effect attributed to polymeric species containing tungstate anions adsorbed on the metal. The breaking potential in the presence only of amoxicillin points to inferior anticorrosive behavior (Fig. 8) compared with tungstate anion. The presence of amoxicillin in anodic polarization suggests a weaker adsorption on the alloy compared with polymeric species containing tungstate anion. Although there are sites occupied on the alloy by adsorbed amoxicillin molecules, these sites appear to become more easily vacant in anodic polarization than tungstate ions (Fig. 10). Figure 9Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Open circuit potential of the AISI 1020 steel alloy immersed in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl for (A) immersion moment and (B) 3 and (C) 7-day period containing different concentrations of amoxicillin and sodium tungstate, (black circle) 0 ppm and 0 mol l−1, (white circle) 1000 ppm and 0.07 mol l−1, (white square) 2000 ppm and 0.07 mol l−1 and (white triangle) 3000 ppm and 0.07 mol l−1, respectively. Figure 10Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Anodic polarization of the AISI 1020 steel alloy immersed in 0.05 mol L−1 NaCl containing different concentrations of amoxicillin and sodium tungstate: (A) 0 ppm and 0 mol l−1, (B) 1000 and 0.07 mol l−1, (C) 2000 and 0.07 mol l−1 and (D) 3000 ppm and 0.07 mol l−1 at immersion time, respectively. Synergistic effect of WO4−2 anions and amoxicillin in the cellulose acetate film on AISI 1020 steel Figure 11 shows the lack of protection involved in using only cellulose acetate deposited on the alloy. The OCP decreases with the immersion time according to the bare alloy. Previous work proved that the presence of the cellulose acetate film on the aluminum22 and steel25 alloys can act as a film that insulates corrosion inhibitors to decrease corrosion activity. Figure 11Open in figure viewerPowerPoint Open circuit potential of the AISI 1020 steel alloy without and with the cellulose acetate film containing different concentrations of amoxicillin and sodium tungstate: (black circle) 0.0 mol l−1 of sodium tungstate and 0 ppm amoxicillin, (white triangle) 0.07 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 0 ppm amoxicillin, (black triangle) 0.0 mol l−1 Na2WO4 and 2000 ppm amoxicillin and (white square) 0.07 mol L−1 Na2WO4 and 2000 ppm amoxicillin immersed in 0.05 mol l−1 NaCl for (A) immersion moment and (B) 3 and (C) 7-day period. The presence of tungstate anion in the cellulose acetate film on the AISI 1020 steel alloy increases the OCP, while the use of amoxicillin in the cellulose acetate film does not produce an effective change either alone or mixed with tungstate (Fig. 11). When anodic polarization is performed, none of the concentrations of tungstate and amoxicillin in the cellulose acetate film on the AISI 1020 alloy produces significant improvements in corrosion resistance related to bare alloy (data not shown). Conclusion The results presented demonstrated that major corrosion inhibition on the AISI 1020 steel alloy is related to the presence of tungstate anion in 0.05-mol l−1 NaCl solution instead of its insertion into the cellulose acetate film. Moreover, the presence of amoxicillin does not produce a significant effect on corrosion inhibition even if used together with tungstate anion. Poor corrosion inhibition was detected for the cellulose acetate film and the cellulose acetate film inserted with tungstate anion and/or amoxicillin on the AISI 1020 alloy. Further studies are necessary for a more complete understanding of the interaction of amoxicillin and tungstate anion with cellulose acetate films under other deposition conditions. 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Citing Literature Volume47, Issue2February 2015Pages 192-197 FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation
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