Language Activation Studies with Positron Emission Tomography
2007; Wiley; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1002/9780470514184.ch13
ISSN1935-4657
AutoresRichard G. Wise, Uri Hadar, David Howard, Karalyn Patterson,
Tópico(s)Language Development and Disorders
ResumoLanguage Activation Studies with Positron Emission Tomography Richard Wise, Richard Wise PET Clinical Group, Westminster & Charing Cross Hospital, Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London W6 8RP, UK MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS, UKSearch for more papers by this authorUri Hadar, Uri Hadar Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, IsraelSearch for more papers by this authorDavid Howard, David Howard Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, Malet Street, London WC1A 7HX, UKSearch for more papers by this authorKaralyn Patterson, Karalyn Patterson Applied Psychology Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, UKSearch for more papers by this author Richard Wise, Richard Wise PET Clinical Group, Westminster & Charing Cross Hospital, Reynolds Building, St Dunstan's Road, London W6 8RP, UK MRC Cyclotron Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHS, UKSearch for more papers by this authorUri Hadar, Uri Hadar Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, IsraelSearch for more papers by this authorDavid Howard, David Howard Department of Psychology, Birkbeck College, Malet Street, London WC1A 7HX, UKSearch for more papers by this authorKaralyn Patterson, Karalyn Patterson Applied Psychology Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, UKSearch for more papers by this author Book Editor(s):Derek J. Chadwick, Derek J. Chadwick OrganizerSearch for more papers by this authorJulie Whelan, Julie WhelanSearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 September 2007 https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470514184.ch13Citations: 4Book Series:Novartis Foundation Symposia AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Summary Behavioural tasks produce changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), the result of increased local neural activity. These changes can be measured with positron emission tomography (PET). Language activation studies by means of PET are being used to relate regional patterns of cerebral activation to information-processing models of speech and reading. Significant activation confined to both superior temporal gyri has been observed when normal subjects hear words played backwards, listen to non-words, and perform category judgements on pairs of heard real words. Prestriate cortex is activated by seeing strings of letter-like symbols, consonant strings, pronounceable non-words and real words, with additional activation in left medial prestriate cortex in response to the non-words and real words. Left posterior superior temporal gyrus (PSTG), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and supplementary motor area (SMA) are engaged when subjects retrieve verbs from memory to match nouns. Finally, primary sensorimotor cortex is activated during articulation. There is particular interest at present in the precise roles of left PSTG and DLPFC in single-word comprehension and generation, and interpretation of the results depends critically on the design of the single-word tasks used for behavioural activation. References Allport DA, Funnell E 1981 Speech production and comprehension: one lexicon or two? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 295: 397–410 10.1098/rstb.1981.0148 Web of Science®Google Scholar Ellis AW, Young AW 1988 Human cognitive neuropsychology. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hove, UK Google Scholar Fox PT, Perlmutter JS, Raichle ME 1985 A stereotactic method of anatomical localization for positron emission tomography. J Comput Assisted Tomogr 9: 141–153 10.1097/00004728-198501000-00025 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Fox PT, Mintun MA, Reiman EM, Raichle ME 1988 Enhanced detection of focal brain responses using intersubject averaging and change-distribution analysis of subtracted PET images. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8: 642–653 10.1038/jcbfm.1988.111 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Friston KJ, Passingham RE, Nutt JC, Heather JD, Sawle GV, Frackowiak RSJ 1989 Localization in PET images: direct fitting of the intercommissural line (AC-PC) line. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 9: 690–696 10.1038/jcbfm.1989.97 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Friston KJ, Frith CD, Liddle PF, Lammertsma AA, Dolan RD, Frackowiak RSJ 1990 The relationship between global and local changes in PET scans. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 10: 458–466 10.1038/jcbfm.1990.88 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Friston KJ, Frith CD, Liddle PF, Frackowiak RSJ 1991 Comparing functional (PET) images: the assessment of significant change. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 11: 690–699 10.1038/jcbfm.1991.122 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Goldman-Rakic PS 1988 Topography of cognition: parallel distributed networks in primate association cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci 11: 137–156 10.1146/annurev.ne.11.030188.001033 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Ingvar DH, Schwartz MS 1974 Bloodflow patterns induced in the dominant hemisphere by speech and reading. Brain 97: 273–288 10.1093/brain/97.1.273 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Lammertsma AA, Cunningham VJ, Deiber M-P et al 1990 Combination of dynamic and integral methods for generating reproducible functional CBF images. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 10: 675–686 10.1038/jcbfm.1990.121 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Lassen NA, Ingvar DH, Skinhöj E 1978 Brain function and blood flow. Sci Am 239 (4): 50–59 10.1038/scientificamerican1078-62 PubMedGoogle Scholar Petersen SE, Fox PT, Posner MI, Mintun M, Raichle ME 1988 Positron emission tomographic studies of the cortical anatomy of a single-word processing. Nature (Lond) 331: 585–589 10.1038/331585a0 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Petersen SE, Fox PT, Posner MI, Raichle ME, Mintun MA 1989 Positron emission tomographic studies of the processing of single words. J Cognit Neurosci 1: 153–170 10.1162/jocn.1989.1.2.153 CASPubMedGoogle Scholar Petersen SE, Fox PT, Snyder AZ, Raichle ME 1990 Activation of extrastriate and frontal cortical areas by visual words and word-like stimuli. Science (Wash DC) 249: 1041–1044 10.1126/science.2396097 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Raichle ME, Martin WRW, Herscovitch P, Mintun MA, Markham J 1983 Brain blood flow measured with intravenous H215O. II. Implementation and validation. J Nucl Med 24: 790–798 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Shallice T 1988 From neuropsychology to mental structure. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 10.1017/CBO9780511526817 Google Scholar Spinks TJ, Jones T, Gilardi MC, Heather JD 1988 Physical performance of the latest generation of commercial positron scanner. IEEE (Inst Electr Electron Eng) Trans Nucl Sci 35: 721–725 CASWeb of Science®Google Scholar Warrington EK, Logue V, Pratt RT 1971 The anatomical localisation of selective impairment of auditory verbal short-term memory. Neuropsychologia 9: 377–387 10.1016/0028-3932(71)90002-9 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Wise R, Chollet F, Hadar U, Friston K, Hoffner E, Frackowiak R 1991 Distribution of cortical neural networks involved in word comprehension and word retrieval. Brain 114: 1803–1817 10.1093/brain/114.4.1803 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Ellis AW, Young AW 1988 Human cognitive neuropsychology. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hove, UK Google Scholar Papanicolaou AC, Levin HS, Eisenberg HM 1984 Evoked potential correlates of recovery from aphasia after focal left hemisphere injury in adults. Neurosurgery 14: 412–415 10.1227/00006123-198404000-00004 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Powers WJ, Fox PT, Raichle ME 1988 The effect of carotid artery disease on the cerebrovascular response to physiologic stimulation. Neurology 38: 1475–1478 10.1212/WNL.38.9.1475 CASPubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Wise R, Chollet F, Hadar U, Friston K, Hoffner E, Frackowiak R 1991 Distribution of cortical neural networks involved in word comprehension and word retrieval. Brain 114: 1803–1817 10.1093/brain/114.4.1803 PubMedWeb of Science®Google Scholar Citing Literature Ciba Foundation Symposium 163 ‐ Exploring Brain Functional Anatomy with Positron Tomography: Exploring Brain Functional Anatomy with Positron Tomography: Ciba Foundation Symposium 163 ReferencesRelatedInformation
Referência(s)