Chapter 3 Bioavailability: Definition, assessment and implications for risk assessment
2008; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1016/s0166-2481(07)32003-5
ISSN0166-2481
AutoresRavi Naidu, Kirk T. Semple, Mallavarapu Megharaj, Albert L. Juhasz, Nanthi Bolan, Sushil Gupta, Brent Clothier, Rainer Schulin,
Tópico(s)Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
ResumoThis chapter presents an overview of the current understanding of bioavailability, definitions and their limitations, methods for the assessment of bioavailability, and bioavailability implications to risk assessment. Bioavailability is used as the key indicator of potential risk that chemicals pose to environment and human health. From a regulatory perspective, the potential for bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where: the contaminant is the risk driver at a site; the default assumptions made during risk assessment that affect the final clean-up goal are inappropriate; significant change to remedial goals is likely; conditions present at the site are unlikely to change substantially over time; and regulatory and public acceptance is high. In this chapter, methods for the assessment of contaminant bioavailability are elaborated. Estimating or measuring bioaccumulation directly from the environmental media is discussed also estimating bioavailability using soil properties is described. Extractants for assessing bioremediation potential are reviewed and assessment of contaminant bioaccessibility is discussed. Details of bioavailability implications to risk assessment are also provided.
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