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Linear optical quantum computing with photonic qubits

2007; American Physical Society; Volume: 79; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1103/revmodphys.79.135

1539-0756

Pieter Kok, William J. Munro, Kae Nemoto, Timothy C. Ralph, Jonathan P. Dowling, G. J. Milburn,

Optical Network Technologies

Linear optics with photon counting is a prominent candidate for practical quantum computing. The protocol by Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn [Nature 409, 46 (2001)] explicitly demonstrates that efficient scalable quantum computing with single photons, linear optical elements, and projective measurements is possible. Subsequently, several improvements on this protocol have started to bridge the gap between theoretical scalability and practical implementation. We review the original theory and its improvements, and we give a few examples of experimental two-qubit gates. We discuss the use of realistic components, the errors they induce in the computation, and how these errors can be corrected.