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A Review of Recent Progress in Catalyzed Homogeneous Hydrosilation (Hydrosilylation)

2007; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0065-3055(07)55001-x

2162-7614

Aroop K. Roy,

Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis

This chapter discusses about compounds or complexes that facilitate hydrosilation.The word ‘‘true catalyst’’ is used where the actual catalytic species is positively identified. Among the Fe-triad metals Fe, Ru, and Os, only a few hydrosilations have been reported using the first and third row metal catalysts. Very recently, however, a new type of Fe(0) complex, containing a diimine-based pincer ligand and two coordinated dinitrogen molecules have shown to be an effective and, remarkably, regiospecific catalyst for the hydrosilation of a variety of terminal alkenes with PhSiH3 or Ph2SiH2. This unique activity for an iron complex, the few previous examples that are known to be poor hydrosilation catalysts, suggests that modulation of metal activity using newly designed ligands may allow the synthesis of newer and much more effective catalysts from transition metals that are less expensive than the traditional Pt- or Rh-based complexes. A handful of new catalysts covered in this chapter shows promise toward varied functional-group tolerance in hydrosilation. This is an area that is becoming increasingly important in synthetic chemistry, as multistep reactions leading to complex molecules (often of biological importance) are sought to be performed via several catalyzed steps. Hydrosilation catalysts that are tolerant of highly basic oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functionalities during addition to C–C multiple bonds would provide distinct advantages.