Waste Management Strategy in Construction and Demolition Industries: Constanta District
2011; Volume: 6; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês
ISSN
2065-3913
AutoresMarian Andrei Gurau, Lucia Violeta Melnic, Eduard Armeanu,
Tópico(s)Quality and Management Systems
Resumo1. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA OF CONSTANTA DISTRICT After the last census data, the population of Constanta district is about 715.151 inhabitants (Table1), the district is in fourth place in Romania from this point of view. The district population counts 507.031 urban inhabitants and 208.117 inhabitants in rural areas according to statistics provided by the district at 01.07.2005. The population density is about 101 people / [km.sup.2]--more than national average. As the ethnic structure, the majority is represented by the Romanians, about 91,70%. Beside they are coexist and national minorities (3,20% Turkish, 3,20% tatar, 0,80% Russian-Lipovan, 0,60% gipsy, 0,20% Hungarian and 0,30% other nationalities). The specific of the Constanta district is the Black Sea coastline, that lies over a length of 87 km, with a stable population of over 450.000 inhabitants and includes the following cities and resorts: Constanta, Navodari, Mamaia, Techirghiol, Eforie Nord, Eforie Sud, Costinesti, Neptun, Cap Aurora, Olimp, Venus, Saturn, Jupiter, Mangalia, localities 2 Mai and Vama Veche. The administrative organization of the Constanta district (Figure 2), is the following: Municipalities--3, Towns--9, Communes--58, Villages--188; [FIGURE 2 OMITTED] 2. SOURCES AND SPECIFIC WASTE TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION INDUSTRY At national level, in the first semester of 2009, compared with the corresponding period of last year, the value of construction works increased with 33,2% in real terms, highlighted growth in all types of construction: non-residential buildings (+35,7%), residential buildings (+34,7%) and engineering constructions (+31,7%). Also, the structure elements have been recorded increases in new building works (+33,9%), maintenance and current repair works (+33,2%) and overhaul works (+30,2%) (National Institute of Statistic). In June 2009, the construction works have increased in real terms compared to may 2008 with 19,0%. Compared with the corresponding month of the previous year, the value of construction works grew with 33,9%. The indices of construction works have increased at residential buildings (+36,7%), non-residential buildings (+36,2%) and engineering constructions (+32,3%). By structure elements, the indices of construction works have increased thus: new construction works (+36,6%), maintenance and current repair works (+30,6%) and overhaul works (+30%). Compared with may 2009 the construction works in June 2009 increased with 19% for total. The construction works executed at residential buildings decreased with 3,3%. The construction works executed at engineering constructions an residential buildings recorded an increase from the previous month by 23,6% and 22,8%. By structure elements, the indices of construction works have increased thus: overhaul works (+26%), maintenance and current repair works (+24%) and new construction works (+14,8%) (Source: http://www.cjc.ro). The waste types from constructions and demolitions, subject of our study, are presented in Table 2. 3. THE QUANTITIES COLLECTED IN CONSTANTA AND THEIR MANAGEMENT The quantities of waste from construction and demolition works collected in 2007-2009 are shown in Table 3. From 2008, in Ovidiu locality was authorized the operation of an inert landfill where are removed the construction and demolition waste generated in the district. The existing information on national and regional level on the construction and demolition waste are incomplete and inconsistent. Thus: * at national level have been collected 466.983 tones of waste from construction and demolition works for year 2008. * in PRGD (source: http://www.cjc.ro) is estimated a generated quantity of 449.000 t in the south east region, for year 2008 (about 112.250 t/year for Constanta which is collected: 13,56%, about 15.220t) * PRGD estimated indices are under UE similar indices (157 kg/inhabitant/year average urban+rural--compared with 180-200 kg/inhabitant/year--UE average); * the responsibility for handling, including transport of construction and demolition waste, belongs of their generators/owners, the municipalities are required to indicate the places for disposal, disposal method and transport route. …
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