Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Chapter 34. To Market, To Market - 1995

1996; Elsevier BV; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/s0065-7743(08)60473-x

1557-8437

Xue‐Min Cheng,

Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis

This chapter discusses some newly developed chemical products that came into being in 1995. In that year, a total of 36 new chemical entities (NCEs) were introduced for human therapeutic use into the world marketplace. Japan, the perennial leader for worldwide NCE introductions, took the number one position again with 11 newly marketed drugs. Anti-neoplastic agents, with eight new launches, were the leading therapeutic categories introduced in 1995, followed by cardiovascular drugs and anti-infectives/anti-viral, with five NCEs each. Some of the product categories described in this chapter include anti-ulcer, anti-viral, subarachnoid hemorrhage, anti-asthmatic, immunosuppressant, cytoprotective, and anti-epileptic. Every product description has been classified under several fields, such as product name, trade name, first introduction, introduced by, country of origin, originator, chemical abstracts service (CAS) registry number, molecular weight, and dosage form. Although the total number of new launches was lower in 1995 than in the previous two years, there were several innovative therapies that reflected real advances in the treatment of certain serious diseases. Among them, defeiprone has been the first oral iron chelator that provides life-saving benefits to patients with thalassaemia. Ranitidine bismuth citrate has been the first therapy specifically tailored to attack Helicobactor pylori that appears to prevent relapse in most peptic ulcer patients. Novel NCEs, with interesting mechanisms of action, include saquinavir, the first HIV protease inhibitor for AIDS. Tirilazad has been the first peroxidation inhibitor designed to reduce tissue damage, following subarachnoid hemorrhage in men. Seratrodast has been the first thromboxane A2 antagonist as a therapeutic for asthma. Mycophenolate mofetil has been the first immunosuppressant introduced in the U.S.A. since 1983. Amifostine has been an effective cytoprotective for normal cells, reflecting a new concept in cancer therapy. And finally, topiramate has been the first of a new class of anti-epileptics with a unique combined mechanism of action.